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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *HV-daf-
Meaning: 'sweat, heat'
Ngizim: ḍaàfáu [ShN]
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-ngz,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *dVfVʔ- (?)
Meaning: sweat, perspire; heat
Mogogodo (Yaaku): tūpo 'hot' <*dup-
Notes: *-f- in the reconstructed Afras form relies on WCh (Ngz) -f- only. Cf. WCh *daf- 'cook' (v.): Hs dafa. Borrowing from Arb in other Afrasian is possible.
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-brb,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,afaset-bed,afaset-agw,afaset-hec,afaset-mgg,afaset-omo,afaset-notes,
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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 151
Proto-Semitic: *di/ap(a)ʔ-
Meaning: 'heat' 1,'be warm' 2
Arabic: difʔ-, dafāʔ- 1, dfʔ [-a-, -u-]
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-ara,
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Berber etymology :
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Proto-Berber: *dVf-
Meaning: 'warmth'
Aksimen: ddfa
brbet-prnum,brbet-meaning,brbet-aks,
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Central Chadic etymology :
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Proto-CChadic: *daf-
Meaning: 'warm'
Kusseri: ndáfu [Lk: 145]
Notes: cp. Musgu dafū 'hot' [KLMsg: 48] . According to Lukas is derived from afu id. [LMsg: 42]. Note afu id. in closely related Munjuk language [TMnj].
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-kus,cchet-notes,
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Bedauye (Beja) etymology :
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Bedauye: duf
Meaning: 'sweat'
bedet-prnum,bedet-meaning,
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Central Cushitic (Agaw) etymology :
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Proto-Agaw: *dif-
Meaning: 'sweat'
Bilin: dif
agwet-prnum,agwet-meaning,agwet-bil,
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High East Cushitic etymology :
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Proto-High East Cushitic: *daff-
Meaning: 'sweat' 1, 'perspire' 2
Darasa (Gedeo): daffa 1, daff- 2
hecet-prnum,hecet-meaning,hecet-dar,
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Omotic etymology :
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Proto-Omotic: *duf-
Meaning: 'sweat'
Hamer: du(u)f
Notes: -u- < *a before a labial
omoet-prnum,omoet-meaning,omoet-hmr,omoet-notes,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : TVPV
Meaning : warm
Sino-Caucasian : ST *tǝ̆p (/*tǝ̆m ?) 'fireplace'
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ṭ[ä]pV
Meaning: warm
References: МССНЯ 338; ND 2399 *ṭepV 'to warm, be warm'. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-kart,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *tep-
Meaning: to warm
Hittite: tapassa- c. 'Fieber, Hitze', tapassija- (I) 'erhitzen', tapasuwant- 'fieberschwanger' (Friedrich 211; < IIr.?)
Old Indian: tápati `to give out heat, be hot; to make hot or warm', ptc. taptá-; tápas- n. `warmth, heat'; tápu- `burning hot'
Avestan: tāpaiti `is warm', ptc. tapta-; tafnu- m. `Fieberhitze, Fieber', tafnah- n. `Hitze, Glut; Fieber'
Other Iranian: NPers tāftan `brennen, wärmen, leuchten'
Latin: tepēre, -uī `warm, mild sein', tepidus, -a `warm, -lau', tepor, -ōris m. `milde Wärme'
Celtic: *tepent-; *tepnet-; *tepstu-; *tepesmjā; *tepesmo- > OIr tē, pl. tēit `heiss'; tess `Hitze', MIr ten, tene, gen. -ed `Feuer'; timme `Hitze', Ir time `Wärme, Furcht'; Cymr tan `Feuer'; tes `Hitze'; twym `Hitze', OCorn toim `heiss', Corn tan 'Feuer'; tanet (in Zs.) `Feuer'; tes `Hitze', MBret toem `heiss', Bret tan 'Feuer'; tanet (in Zs.) `Feuer'; tez `Hitze'; tomm `heiss'
Russ. meaning: греть, испускать тепло
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-hitt,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-iran,piet-slav,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Vasmer's dictionary :
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Word: тёплый,
Near etymology: тёпл, тепла́, тепло́, укр. те́плий, блр. цёплы, др.-русск. теплъ, ст.-слав. теплость θερμότης (Супр.), топлъ θερμός (Супр.), болг. то́пъл (Младенов 636), сербохорв. то̏пао, то̏пла, то̏пло, словен. tópǝɫ, tópla, чеш., слвц. teplý, польск. сiерɫу, в.-луж. с́орɫу, н.-луж. śорɫу.
Further etymology: Праслав. *tерlъ древнее, чем *tорlъ; последнее получило -о- из *topiti (см. топи́ть), см. Мейе, Ét. 413. Родственно др.-прусск. местн. н. Тарреlаukеn = Warmfelt (Траутман, AfslPh 34, 593; ВSW 319), др.-инд. tápati, táруаti "нагревает(ся)", taptás "раскаленный, горячий", taptám ср. р. "жар", авест. tāрауеiti "нагревает", tafta- "вспыльчивый", нов.-перс. tāftan "гореть, греть, светить", лат. tереō, -ērе "быть теплым", tepidus "теплый", Терulа aqua -- название водопровода в Риме, ирл. tеn "огонь" (*tерnоs; см. Стокс 125), té "горячий" (*tереnt-), алб. f-toh "охлаждаю", тохар. В tsatsāpau "нагретый"; см. Траутман, ВSW 319; Педерсен, Kelt. Gr. 1, 92 и сл.; Уленбек, Aind. Wb. 108; Мейе, там же; Мейе -- Вайан 22; Вальде -- Гофм.. 2, 667.
Pages: 4,44
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *ɵa[f]i-z, *ɵa[f]jan- vb., *ɵa[f]jōn, *ɵi[f]ōn-
Meaning: smell
Old Norse: ɵef-r m. `Geruch, Ducht', Far tev n.; ɵefa wk. `riechen, duften, wittern', ɵefja `riechen (intr.)'; ɵefja f. `Geruch'
Norwegian: tev m. `Geruch'; dial. teva `vor Hitze und Anstrengung keuchen'; tevja vb.
Old Swedish: MSw thäfia vb.
Swedish: dial. täv `Gestank'
Danish: dial. töv `Geruch, Geschmäck'
Old English: ɵefian `keuchen'
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-oswed,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-oengl,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 1995
Root: tep-
English meaning: warm
German meaning: `warm sein'
Derivatives: Partiz. Präs. tepent-s; tepos- n. `Hitze'
Material: Ai. tápati `erwärmt, brennt' (auch `kasteit sich, übt Buße'), Partiz. taptá- `erwärmt, erhitzt', tápas- n. `Hitze, Glut', tápu- `glühend, heiß', Kaus. tāpáyati `erwärmt, erhitzt'; av. tāpaiti `ist warm', Kaus. tāpayeiti `erwärmt, erhitzt', Inchoh. tafsaiti (*tepǝsk̂eti) `wird heiß', Partiz. tapta- `erwärmt, heiß', tafnu- m. `Fieberhitze, Fieber', tafnah- n. `Hitze, Glut; Fieber'; np. tāftan `brennen, wärmen, leuchten'; alb. tosk. ftoh, geg. ftof `mache kalt, lösche aus, verletze mit Worten' (*vëtēp-sk̂ō `entwärme');
lat. tepeō -ēre `lauwarm sein', tepidus `warm', tepor `Wärme'; vermutlich osk. tefúrúm `eine Art (Brand-) Opfer' (*teps-ro-); umbr. Abl. Sg. mit Postpos. tefru-to, Akk. Pl. umbr. tefra `carnes cremandas';
air. tē `heiß', Pl. tēit (*tepent- = ai. Partiz. tapant-); ten und tene, Gen. -ed `Feuer' (*tepnet-), cymr. corn. bret. tan ds., corn. bret. tana `anzünden'; air. tess, cymr. corn. tes, bret. tez `Hitze' (*teps-tu-, zum es-St. lat. tepor, ai. tapas-); mir. timme `Hitze, Furcht'(*teps-mi̯ā); cymr. twym `Hitze', acorn. toim `heiß', mbret. toem, nbret. tomm `heiß' (*tepesmo-);
norw. teva `vor Hitze keuchen', ags. ðefian `keuchen', aisl. þefr m. Geruch, Geschmack', þefa `riechen' trans., þefja `riechen' intr.; (Grundvorstellung des warmen Dampfes von Speisen);
aksl. *teplъ (in teplostь `θερμότης'), čech. teplý, russ. tëplyj und (mit о nach topiti) aksl. toplъ `warm'; Kaus. serb. tòpiti `schmelzen', russ. topítь `heizen; zerlassen'; pr. ON Taplawken eig. `Warmfeld';
hitt. tapašša- `Fieber, Hitze' (ai. Lw.?).
References: WP. I 718 f., WH. II 667 f., Trautmann 319, Vasmer 3, 111, Mayrhofer 1, 477, 569.
Pages: 1069-1070
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-derivative,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *t`ep`V
Meaning: warm, to burn
Russian meaning: теплый, жечь
Comments: The parallel seems reliable, although voicing in Korean is not clear (note a similar case in *t`i̯óp`a).
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *tẹpi-
Meaning: 1 to dry, become dry 2 to suffer from heat
Russian meaning: 1 сохнуть 2 страдать от жары
Azerbaidzhan: täpi- 1
Turkmen: tebi- 1
Chuvash: tip- 1, 2
Comments: Räsänen (VEWT 253) and Федотов (2, 233) think that the Chuv. form reflects PT *kep-, but this is impossible for phonetic reasons. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-chv,turcet-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *tepe-
Meaning: 1 to catch fire, to burn 2 to burn through
Russian meaning: 1 разгораться, пылать 2 сгорать, прогорать
Spoken Manchu: tiavǝ- 1
Literary Manchu: tefe- 2
Nanai: tepe- 1
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *tǝ̀b-
Meaning: be warm
Russian meaning: быть теплым
Modern Korean: tǝ̄p- (-w-)
Middle Korean: tǝ̄p- (tǝ̀w-)
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *ṭep- / ṭp-
Russian meaning: греть(ся)
English meaning: to warm, keep warm
Georgian: tb-, Old Georg. ṭp-, ṭep-
Megrel: ṭǝb-, ṭib-
Svan: ṭeb-id-, ṭb-id-
Laz: ṭub-, ṭib-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 179-180, EWK 326. Ср. ПИЕ *tep- 'греть(ся)', алт. *t`epV 'греть, жечь' (МССHЯ 338). Вопреки [Климов 1994, 139-143] исключительно трудно представить данный корень как заимствование из ПИЕ.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-sva,kartet-laz,kartet-notes,
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