Basque etymology :

Proto-Basque: *śagu

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: mouse

Araban: sagu

Bizkaian: sagu

Gipuzkoan: sagu

High Navarrese: sagu

Low Navarrese: sagu, (Aldude) sabu

Salazarese: sagu

Lapurdian: sagu

Baztanese: sagu

Aezkoan: sagu

Zuberoan: sagu

Roncalese: sagu

Comments: This word appears in compounds, e.g., sagu-zar 'bat' ('old mouse'), sat-itsu 'shrew' ('blind mouse'), etc.

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *[c]ā́rxgwV̆

Meaning: squirrel, weasel

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *cārg_wɨ̄ (~ -ǝ̄,-ā)

Sino-Tibetan: *sreŋ(H)

Yenisseian: *saʔqa

Burushaski: *ćargé

Basque: *śagu

Comments and references : HGC 27, LV B5, MCGD 4, BCD 11. Final vowel length (based on Av. caƛ̣:ú) in PNC is not quite certain and contradicts all the other evidence, so it must probably be wrong.

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *cārg_wV

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: weasel, marten

Proto-Nakh: *šVrṭq̇V

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *carƛ̣:u (~ s-)

Proto-Lezghian: *sa(r)ƛ̣:ʷ (~ s:-)

Proto-West Caucasian: *c:ǝɣ(ʷ)V

Notes: The Nakh form belongs here rather probably, but has some irregularities: initial š- (*c- or *č- would be rather expected) and the cluster -ṭq̇- (the latter can represent old suffixation, as in some other cases: *šVrṭq̇V < *šVrq̇-TV). Forms of other languages correlate with each other very well, and the root is well reconstructable for PNC.

    The Av.-And. and WC forms were compared by Klimov (1968, 229), who also adduced the Kartvelian material: Georg. ciq̇wi 'squirrel' (which must be a loan from some EC source). The Georgian word was, in its turn, borrowed in Bezht. (Khosh.) ciq̇i, (Tlad.) č̣eq̇i 'squirrel'.

Nakh etymology :

Proto-Nakh: *šVrṭq̇V

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: weasel

Chechen: šaṭq̇a

Ingush: šurṭq̇a

Comments: 6th class in Chech., 3d class in Ing. Vocalism is irregular.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *carƛ̣:u (~ s-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: weasel

Avar: caƛ̣:ú

Chadakolob: šuƛ̣:ú

Andian language: sarƛ̣:u

Chamalal: saƛ̣:u (Gudava)

Karata: saƛ̣:u

Comments: Av. paradigm B (caƛ̣:ú-dul, caƛ̣:á-bi, Chad. šuƛ̣:í-l/šuƛ̣:ú-l, šuƛ̣:ú-bi). Cf. also Kar. Tok. sarƛ̣:u id.

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *sa(r)ƛ̣:ʷ (~ s:-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: weasel

Tsakhur: sok (sok:a-)

Comment: Isolated in Tsakh., but having good external parallels.

Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :

Proto-West-Caucasian: *c:ǝɣ(ʷ)V

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 marten 2 mouse

Abkhaz: a-cǝ́ʁ

Abaza: c̣ǝʁ

Adyghe: cǝʁʷa

Kabardian: ʒǝʁʷa

Comments: PAT *cǝɣǝ (with an irregular variant *c̣ǝɣǝ; cf. also Bzyb. a-cǝ́ʁ, a-c̣ǝ́ʁ 'marten'); PAK *c:ǝʁʷá. The root should be kept distinct from Ub. dǝʁʷǝ 'mouse' which does not correspond phonetically and has a different origin.

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *sreŋ(H)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: a k. of small animal (weasel, squirrel, mongoose)

Chinese: 鼪 *sreŋ weasel.

Tibetan: sre-moŋ weasel.

Burmese: hraṇ́ʔ squirrel

Kachin: (H) sinlen a sp. of Indian mongoose.

Comments: Mikir iŋren mongoose. Ben. 79.

Chinese characters :

Character: 鼪

Modern (Beijing) reading: shēng

Preclassic Old Chinese: sreŋ

Classic Old Chinese: sreŋ

Western Han Chinese: ṣeŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: ṣeŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṣeŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṣeŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṣeŋ

Middle Chinese: ṣäiŋ

English meaning : weasel

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Yenisseian etymology :

Proto-Yenisseian: *saʔqa

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: squirrel

Ket: saʔq, pl. sā:n

Yug: saʔx / saʔq, pl. saxǝn⁵

Kottish: šaga, g. šagā, pl. šagán; (Бол.) šaxa; Ass. šága (М, Сл, Кл), šaha (Кл).

Arin: sava (Стр.), sova (Лоск.), žoua (М, Сл, Кл)

Pumpokol: tak (Сл)

Comments: ССЕ 268. Werner 2, 162 <*taʔqa / *saʔqa>.

Burushaski etymology :

Common Burushaski: *ćargé

Sino-Caucasian Etymology: Sino-Caucasian Etymology

Meaning: flying squirrel

Yasin: ćargé

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : CVKV

Meaning : mouse, squirrel

Eurasiatic : *CVḳV (cf. also *cwVkV ( ~ čw-))

Afroasiatic : *Sakw-; ?? Gz ṣǝḳʷǝnḳʷǝn 'field mouse'

Sino-Caucasian : *[c]ā́r[xg_]wV̆ ( > Kartv. c̣iq̇w-)

Notes : The ST form also resembles scattered Nostr: TM *siŋere, PFU *šiŋere 'mouse'.

Reference : ND 354.

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *cVḳV ( ~ *c`-)

Meaning: mouse

Borean: Borean

Kartvelian: Megr. č̣uḳ- 'mouse'

Dravidian: SDr *ćikk- 'mouse'

References: ND 354 *ć̣iq̇U ( ~ *c̣[ü]ḳV, *c̣iḳU) 'mouse'. Cf. *cwVkV.

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *Sakw-

Meaning: small animal

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Semitic: *SVkk- 'mongoose; hyrax'

Central Chadic: *Sakw- 'squirrel' 1, 'dog' 2

Warazi (Dullay): *šak- 'chameleon' (?)

Omotic: *sa/ikw 'chameleon' 1, 'bat' 2

Notes: Cf. Lamb Wol 506: Wol, Kač; Dull

Semitic etymology :

Number: 2517

Proto-Semitic: *SVkk-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: kind of small animal

Akkadian: šikkû 'mongoose' OB on [CAD š2 433], [AHw. 1234]. Widely used in literary texts and lexical lists, see further [Landsberger Fauna 110ff.], [Salonen Jagd 228, 263].

Amharic: šǝkokko (aškokko, ǝškokko) 'rock hyrax' [K 654].

Notes: Not very reliable as the meanings of the two terms are rather diverse while both Akk. and Amh. š correspond to a variety of PS phonemes.

Central Chadic etymology :

Proto-CChadic: *Sakw-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'squirrel' 1, 'dog' 2

Tera: Piẑimbi šèkwa 1

Bachama: sakǝy 2 Kr

Warazi etymology :

Proto-Warazi: *šak-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'chameleon'

Gawwada (Gawata): šaḥ-to

Gollango (Wellango): šaḫ-to

Omotic etymology :

Proto-Omotic: *sa/ikw

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'chameleon' 1, 'bat' 2

Wolamo (Wolaitta): šak-aanča 1 Lamb 506

Haruro (Kachama): (?) šikaale 'wild cat' Lamb Wol 506

Kafa (Kaficho): šakšako 2 'pipistrello' Cer Kf 496

Dime: siku 2 Bend Ar 145

Total pages generated Pages generated by this script 798886 4109917	Help
StarLing database server Powered by CGI scripts Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin Copyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov