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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *-ba
Meaning: 1 sister (of woman) 2 aunt 3 uncle 4 sister (of man)
Bizkaian: osa-ba 3, arre-ba 4
Gipuzkoan: aiz-pa 1, ize-ba 2, osa-ba 3, arre-ba 4
High Navarrese: aiz-pa 1, ize-ba 2, osa-ba 3, arre-ba 4
Low Navarrese: ahiz-pa 1, ize-ba 2, osa-ba 3, arre-ba 4
Lapurdian: aiz-pa 1, osa-ba 3, arre-ba 4
Zuberoan: ahiz-pa 1, ize-ba 2, osa-ba 3, arre-ba 4
Roncalese: aĩz-pa 1, osa-ba 3, arre-ba 4
Comments: Only some of the kinship terms containing *-ba are cited here. Cf. the forms listed under *śa- / *śe- / *-śo.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-bnv,basqet-lab,basqet-zbr,basqet-rnc,basqet-comments,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *pV́HV
Meaning: son, daughter
North Caucasian: PWC *pa 'son'
Comments and references : In PST cf. also *PVn `nephew'. HGC 27, NSC 61 *pUjV. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Poj ( ~ -u-)
Meaning: bear, child
Tibetan: bu son, child.
Burmese: phwah bear, be born.
Comments: Midzhu sa-bu child (sa boy). Sh. 184; STEDT 141-142 *pwa (adding Newari and Karen, but omitting Tibetan).
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-tib,stibet-burm,stibet-kir,stibet-comments,
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Kiranti etymology :
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Proto-Kiranti: *pu
Meaning: bird, hen
Tulung: po chicken
Kaling: salpu (for the 1st part cf. L sǝlɔkwā k. of bird ?)
Comments: Cf. also T -pu in dǝkpu, grǝkpu pheasant. What is the relationship of K phö chicken? (originally a different root, with contamination in Tulung?)
kiret-prnum,kiret-meaning,kiret-tul,kiret-kal,kiret-lim,kiret-dum,kiret-notes,
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Limbu dictionary :
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Entry: pu
Grammar: n.
Meaning: bird.
limet-prnum,limet-pspeech,limet-meaning,
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Dumi dictionary :
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Entry: pawöm
Grammar: n.
Meaning: chicken
dumet-prnum,dumet-pspeech,dumet-meaning,dumet-comments,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *puʔn
Meaning: daughter
Ket: huʔn, pl. hunǝŋ5
Yug: fuʔn, pl. fɔnɨŋ5 / funɨŋ5
Kottish: fun, pl. fūnan(ŋ); Ass. pun (М., Сл., Срсл., Кл.)
Comments: ССЕ 252. Werner 1, 331 *phuʔn. See also *puʔb.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-notes,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : PVWV
Meaning : small. child
Afroasiatic : *pVH- 'child, boy' (Chad., Eg.)
Amerind (misc.) : ? *papi (actually *pU-) 'brother' (R 97) [+ A]; *pan (actually *pa(j) ) 'child' (R 120) Notes : GE 107 *ṗoy.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-amer,globet-notes,globet-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *pVwjV
Meaning: small. child
References: МССНЯ 360; ND 1655 *[ṗ]uʡyV 'child, young (of an animal)' (Alt, Ur., IE, incorr. Drav.). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *paw-
Meaning: few, small
Old Greek: pâu̯ro- `klein, gering', pl. `wenige'; att. pâu̯s (Vaseninschr.) `Kind', pái̯s (ep., lesb., böot. páis), gen. pai̯dós m., f. `Kind'
Latin: pauper, -a/-is `arm, ärmlich, dürftig, beschrankt', paucus, -a `klein, gering', pl. `wenige'; parvus, -a `klein, jung, kurz, gering', parum `wenig, zu wenig', paullus, -a (/ paulus) `klein; wenig'; puer, -ī m., f. (inschr. povero) `Knabe; Mädchen'
Russ. meaning: мало, маленький
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-greek,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *fawa-
Meaning: few
Gothic: pl. fawai (a) `few', comp. fawizo adv. `less'
Old Norse: fā-r adj. `wenig, wortkarg'
Norwegian: fɔ
Swedish: fɔ
Danish: fɔ
Old English: fēawa, fēa `few (paucī)'
English: few
Old Saxon: pl. fā `wenige'
Old High German: { fao, fō `wenig'; fīh `wenig, paucus' }
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-osax,germet-ohg,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 1547
Root: pōu- : pǝu- : pū̆-
English meaning: small, little; young (of animals)
German meaning: `klein, gering, wenig', vielfach für `Junges, Tierjunges, kleines Tier'
Derivatives: pō[u]-lo-s `Junges', pǝu-ko- `wenig', pu-tlo-s `Kind'
Material: 1. Mit -o-Suffix; got. fawai Pl. `wenige', aisl. fār `wenig, wortkarg', fā-tøkr `arm' (wie lat. pauper), ahd. fao, fō `wenig', Dat. Pl. fouuem, as. fā, ags. fēa, Pl. fēawe, engl. few `wenige'. 2. Mit Formans -ko-: lat. paucus `wenig', pauper `arm' (*pauco-paros oder pau-paros? `wenig erwerbend, wenig sich schaffend'); ahd. fōh `wenig';
Mit Suffix -lo-: lat. paul(l)us `klein, wenig' (*pauks-lo-), pauxillus `ganz wenig' (*pauk-s-lo-lo-).
3. Mit Formans -ro-: gr. παυ̃ρος `klein, gering', lat. mit Umstellung parvus `klein', parum (*parvom) `zu wenig'.
4. `Junges, Tierjunges':
gr. παυ̃ς (att. Vasen), Gen. παός (kypr., dazu ein neuer Nom. πας), παι̃ς, Gen. παιδός m. f., hom. πάις, παιδ- `Kind'; lat. puer `Kind, Knabe, Mädchen' (*puu̯ero-), puella `Mädchen';
got. fula, aisl. foli m., fyl n. (*fulja-), u. fylja f., ags. fola, ahd. folo, fulī(n) `Füllen, Fohlen'; daneben *pō[u]los in arm. ul `Ziege', am-ul `unfruchtbar' (*n̥-pōlo-), yɫi f. `schwanger'(*i-pōlniyā); gr. πω̃λος `Fohlen', auch `junger Mann, junges Mädchen', πωλίον `kleines Fohlen, Junges', alb. pelë, pēlë `Stute' (Fem. zu *pōlos); vielleicht med. Arbu-pales, wenn es `weiße Fohlen besitzend' bedeutet.
5. Mit t-Formantien: putrá- m., av. ар. puɵ-ra- m. (letztere aus pūtlo- = osk. puklo-) `Sohn, Kind'; gr. Namen wie Πώ-ταλος; lat. putus, putillus `Knabe', woneben *pūt-so- in pūs(s)us, -a `Knabe, Mädchen', aber pŭsillus `sehr klein' ist Demin. von pullus (*putslo-lo-s); osk. puklo- `Kind' (= ai. putrá-), pälign. puclois Dat. Pl. `pueris', mars. pucles; lat. pullus `jung, Tierjunges' (*put-s-lo-);
baltoslav. *putā `Vogel' in russ.-ksl. pъta `Vogel', pъtištь `kleiner Vogel' (`Vogel' eigentl. `junger Vogel'), lit. putýtis `junges Tier, junger Vogel' (Zärtlichkeitsausdruck), balt. *put-n-a- in lett. putns `Vogel'; mit anderer, demin. Formansverbindung lit. paũ-kštis `Vogel'.
References: WP. II 75 f., WH. II 259, 265 f., 382 f., 385 f., 394, Trautmann 233.
Pages: 842-843
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-derivative,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *póju ( ~ *p`-)
Meaning: child, young (of animals)
Russian meaning: ребенок, детеныш
Comments: Murayama 1962, 110, АПиПЯЯ 80, 107, 277. An Eastern isogloss. Jpn. has a contraction (like in *kík- < *k`ūjlu-k`-). altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *puj(u)-, *puj-kte
Meaning: 1 small 2 child 3 junior
Russian meaning: 1 маленький 2 ребенок 3 младший
Evenki: hujukūn 1, hute 2, huju-digi 3
Even: hut 2
Negidal: xute 2
Literary Manchu: f́aŋGu, fijaŋu 3
Ulcha: pikte 2, pụjaŋGụ 3
Orok: putte 2
Nanai: pikte 2, poja(ŋGo) 3
Oroch: xītke, xiteke 2
Udighe: site 2
Solon: ute 2
Comments: ТМС 2, 37, 338, 357-358. TM > Dag. xutām 'child' (Тод. Даг. 180). tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *pùthjǝ̀
Meaning: pupil of the eye
Russian meaning: зрачок глаза
Modern Korean: nun-pučhǝ
Middle Korean: núns-pùthjǝ̀
Comments: Nam 116, KED 363. -pùthjǝ̀, originally "child" (with a widely spread metaphor "pupil of the eye" = "child of the eye") is folk-etymologically perceived as = puthjǝ "Buddha". koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *pítǝ̀
Meaning: person
Russian meaning: человек
Old Japanese: pjito
Middle Japanese: fítò
Tokyo: hitó
Kyoto: hítò
Kagoshima: híto
Shuri: tčú
Comments: JLTT 410. The root *pí- may be also observed in OJ pjí-kwo 'great-grandson; prince', pjí-mje 'princess'. japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-shu,japet-comments,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 796
Proto: *pojka
English meaning: son, boy
German meaning: Sohn, Knabe
Finnish: poika 'Sohn, Knabe' ( > Saam. L påihka 'Junge, Bursche'); poja, poju 'Kindchen'
Estonian: poeg (gen. poja) 'Sohn; Junges'
Mordovian: bujo, pijo (E) 'Enkelkind' ?
Mari (Cheremis): pü-erɣǝ (KB JU) 'Mannsperson, Knabe' ?
Udmurt (Votyak): pi (S G) 'Kind, Junges; Sohn, Bursche'
Komi (Zyrian): pi (S) 'Sohn, Knabe', pia.n (PO) 'Junges'
Khanty (Ostyak): păɣ (V), păχ (DN O) 'Knabe, Sohn'
Mansi (Vogul): püw (TJ KU P), piɣ (Sö.) 'Sohn, Knabe; Junges'
Hungarian: fiú, fi (acc. fiút, PxSg3P fia) 'Sohn, Knabe, Kind, Junges'
Sammalahti's version: *poji
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-mrd,uralet-mar,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-khn,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,uralet-samm2,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *pai-
Meaning : 1 boy, child 2 calf
Proto-South Dravidian: *pay- dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-gnd,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *pay-
Meaning : child
Tamil : payal, paiyal, paital, pacal
Tamil meaning : boy
Tamil derivates : paiyan_ boy, son; paical small boy, urchin; pacalai infancy, tenderness; (PN) payalai young one
Malayalam : paital, paśakan
Malayalam meaning : child
Malayalam derivates : paśuŋŋaḷ children
Kannada : pasuḷa, pasuḷe
Kannada meaning : child
Kannada derivates : pasuḷetana childhood; haykaḷu male or female children; hayda a boy; (K2) peyya calf
Kodagu : pajja
Kodagu meaning : Holeya girl
Tulu : pasi
Tulu meaning : boy, child
Tulu derivates : paiyya child; paiyyè, paiyerụ, paiyyerụ child, boy; Pariah's child
Miscellaneous : KOR (T, LSB 9.4) payalɨ child
Notes : Some of the forms in this root can only be traced back to *pas- (cf. Mal. paśakan and esp. Kan. pasuḷa, etc.). However, external data does not seem to indicate *-s- as the original variant in this case. We have to suppose a contamination with *pas- 'green, raw, young'.
Number in DED : 3939
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-misc,sdret-notes,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *paj-
Meaning : young grain plant (not paddy), child
Kota : payḷ
Number in DED : 3939
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *pai[d]-
Meaning : boy, child
Telugu : paida
Additional forms : Also paidali woman; [1] peyya, [2] pēya calf, female calf, heifer
Number in DED : 3939
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-addition,telet-dednum,
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Kolami-Gadba etymology :
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Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *paij-
Meaning : calf
Naiki : paya, piya
Parji : peyya
Ollari Gadba : pē-pāp "young calf"
Salur Gadba : beḍḍa-peyyā "young cow"
Kondekor Gadba : peyye
Number in DED : 3939
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-naiki,kogaet-parji,kogaet-ollari,kogaet-salur,kogaet-s_3,kogaet-dednum,
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Gondwan etymology :
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Proto-Gondi-Kui : *pej-
Meaning : calf
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-gon,gndet-kon,
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Gondi etymology :
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Proto-Gondi : *pej-ā
Meaning : calf of either sex
Betul Gondi : paiyā
Adilabad Gondi : piya
Chanda Gondi : peyya
Number in DED : 3939
Number in CVOTGD : 2338
gonet-meaning,gonet-prnum,gonet-gondi_tr,gonet-gondi_a,gonet-gondi_chd,gonet-dednum,gonet-voc_num,
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Konda etymology :
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Konda : peya
Meaning: calf (of cow)
Number in DED : 3939
konet-meaning,konet-prnum,konet-dednum,
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