Sino-Caucasian etymology : List with all references

Proto-North Caucasian: *kăkV̆

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: prayer

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *kakV

Proto-Lak: čak

Notes: An Av.-And.-Lak. isogloss. The PEC reconstruction is not very secure, because the Lak. form may be also borrowed from Avar (with a later affricatization k- > č-).

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *kakV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: prayer

Avar: kak

Chadakolob: kak

Comments: Av. paradigm C (kakí-l, káka-l). Andian languages also reflect this root, within the compound *kakV-kʷiba 'prayer' (see under *kʷiba).

The Av. word was borrowed in most Tsezian languages: Tsez., Gin., Bezht., Gunz. kak 'prayer'.

Lak etymology :

Lak root: čak

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: prayer

Lak form: čak

Comments: G. pl. čak-urdil. Cf. Khosr. čak id.

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *kūk

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: call

Chinese: 告 *kūk, *kūks announce, tell.

Tibetan: khug, khugs to call, ãgug(s) (p. bgug, f, dgug, i. khug) id.

Kachin: ǝgoʔ to coax, entice.

Lushai: kūk to call or cry out.

Comments: Cf. PAA *kVk 'call'.

Chinese characters :

Character: 告

Modern (Beijing) reading: gào gù jú

Preclassic Old Chinese: kūks kūk kōk

Classic Old Chinese: kūh

Western Han Chinese: kǝ̄wh

Eastern Han Chinese: kǝ̄wh

Early Postclassic Chinese: kǝ̄̀w

Middle Postclassic Chinese: kā̀w

Late Postclassic Chinese: kā̀w

Middle Chinese: kầw kok kuk

Fanqie: 箇奧 [a] 姑沃 [b] 居郁 [c]

Rhyme class: 號 [a] 沃 [b] 屋 [c]

English meaning : to tell, report, announce, declare

Russian meaning[s]: 1) объявить, уведомить; 2) пожаловаться; обратиться с иском (жалобой); 3) просить, ходатайствовать (об отпуске, об отставке); 4) служебный показатель возвратного или непереходного действия

Shuowen gloss: 牛觸人. 角箸橫木. 所以告人也. 從口. 從牛. 易曰. 僮牛之告. 凡告之屬皆從告.

Comments: Also read *kūk, MC kok (FQ 古沃) id.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 1313

Karlgren code: 1039 a-d

Shijing occurrences: 2.3, 53.3_, 56.3_

bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-fanqie,bigchina-rhyme,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-shuowen,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,

Chinese Dialects :

Number: 349

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 告

MC description : 效開一去號見

ZIHUI: 0707 1387

Beijing: kau 3

Jinan: kɔ 3

Xi'an: kau 3

Taiyuan: kau 3

Hankou: kau 3

Chengdu: kau 3

Yangzhou: kɔ 3

Suzhou: kä 31

Wenzhou: kз 31

Changsha: kau 31

Shuangfeng: kǝ 31

Nanchang: kau 31

Meixian: kau 3

Guangzhou: kou 31

Xiamen: ko 31

Chaozhou: kau 31

Fuzhou: kɔ 31

Shanghai: kɔ 3

Zhongyuan yinyun: kau 3

doc-charref,doc-character,doc-mcinfo,doc-zihui,doc-beijing,doc-jinan,doc-xian,doc-taiyuan,doc-hankou,doc-chengdu,doc-yangzhou,doc-suzhou,doc-wenzhou,doc-changsha,doc-shuangfeng,doc-nanchang,doc-meixian,doc-guangzhou,doc-xiamen,doc-chaozhou,doc-fuzhou,doc-shanghai,doc-zhongyuan,