Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *xwɨ̆mc̣_wɨ̄

Meaning: dirt; dew

North Caucasian: *xwɨ̆mc̣_wɨ̄ (~-ĕ-,-ǝ̆)

Basque: *i=hunc

Comments and references : BCD 13.

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *xwɨ̆mc̣_wɨ̄ (~-ĕ-,-ǝ̆)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: dirt; bog

Proto-Nakh: *χattV (~ -ṭṭ-)

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *xʷic̣:V

Proto-Lak: xunc̣a

Proto-Dargwa: *x:anc̣(a)

Proto-Lezghian: *ʎ(ʷ)Vmc̣V

Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. In PA and Lak. the root has partially contaminated with PEC *ƛwilc̣_wV q.v.; in PD there occurred a semantic change 'dirt, dirty' > 'grey'.

Nakh etymology :

Proto-Nakh: *χattV (~ -ṭṭ-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: dirt, mire

Chechen: χatt

Ingush: χotta

Comments: Obl. base *χattu- (Chech. χotta-); it is most probable that the Ing. direct base here reflects the original oblique one.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *xʷic̣:V

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: bog, marsh

Avar: xuc̣:

Tindi: hic:u (Akn.)

Karata: xuc̣:e

Comments: Av. paradigm B or C (gen. xuc̣:í-l). Cf. also Kar. Tok. xec̣:u. The root should be distinguished from PA *ƛi(r)c̣:V and *tic̣:u q.v.

Lak etymology :

Lak root: xunc̣a

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: bog

Lak form: xunc̣a

Comments: Lak. xunc̣a and kunc̣a 'bog' seem to be variants, but are most probably two separate stems which underwent a partial contamination. The Khosr. dialect has here an irregular x:- (x:unc̣a / x:unc̣lu).

Dargwa etymology :

Proto-Dargwa: *x:anc̣(a)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 grey 2 blue

Akusha: xanc̣a 1,2

Chiragh: x:anc̣-ze 1

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *ʎ(ʷ)Vmc̣V

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: bog

Archi: ʎamc̣a

Comment: Isolated in Arch., but having reliable external parallels.

Basque etymology :

Proto-Basque: *i=hunc

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: dew

Araban: iunz

Bizkaian: iruntz, (Gernika) irauntz, (Arratia, Orozko, Txorierri), iñontz, (Txorierri, Zigoitia) euntz

Gipuzkoan: intz

High Navarrese: intz

Low Navarrese: ihitz

Salazarese: intz

Lapurdian: ihintz

Baztanese: intz

Zuberoan: ĩ́hĩtz

Roncalese: intz

Comments: BZK /r/ is difficult to explain. Cf. PNC *xwɨ̆mc̣_wɨ̄ 'dirt, bog'.

Total pages generated Pages generated by this script 492220 3749323	Help
StarLing database server Powered by CGI scripts Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin Copyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov