Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ćwĭrs_V

Meaning: neck

North Caucasian: *ćwĭrs_V (~-ä̆-)

Basque: *sir̄su-, *sincu-r̄

Comments and references : BCD 15.

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *ćwĭrs_V (~-ä̆-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: gullet

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *čʷirs:V

Proto-Tsezian: *ZiZV (~-ɨ-)

Proto-Lak: čars:a

Proto-Dargwa: *s:urs:

Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. The PTs form should have been *zis:V (*žis:V), but there occurred an assimilation (obligatory in this structure).

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *čʷirs:V

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: gullet

Godoberi: čors:a

Comments: Isolated in God., but obviously archaic (cf. the external evidence).

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *ZiZV (~-ɨ-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: inner side of mouth

Inkhokvari: zɨze

Comments: Isolated in Inkh., but with probable external parallels.

Lak etymology :

Lak root: čars:a

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: necklace

Lak form: čars:a

Comments: 4th class.

Dargwa etymology :

Proto-Dargwa: *s:urs:

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 throat 2 neck

Akusha: surs 1

Chiragh: sus 2

Comments: Chir. sus is probably a misspelling instead of s:us:, cf. Tsud. s:urs: 'gullet' and the Lak. loanword s:urs:u 'neck'.

Basque etymology :

Proto-Basque: *sirsu- > *sincu-r̄

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 throat 2 nape

Gipuzkoan: zintzur 1

High Navarrese: zintzur 1, zurzuil 2

Low Navarrese: zintzur, zinzur 1

Lapurdian: (Ainhoa) zintzur 1

Baztanese: zurzulo 2

Zuberoan: züntzür 1, (Maule) zursuil

Roncalese: tzuntzur, txuntxur 1

Comments: Apparently *sirsu-r̄ > *sincu-r̄; *sirsu-lo > sursulo; Cf. PEC *ćwĭrs_V 'gullet'. Or zurzulo could be by haplology < *sincur̄-suɫɦo 'throat-tube' (see *suɫɦo).

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