Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ć̣ä̆́xqwă

Meaning: scoop

North Caucasian: *ć_ä̆q̇wă ~ *ć̣_ä̆qwă

Sino-Tibetan: *[Će]kʷ (?)

Yenisseian: *sɨʔk (~-g,-χ)

Basque: *a-śka

Comments and references : HGC 32, LV A8, LDC 32, BCD 18. Should be distinguished from *ČVQV q.v.

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *ć_ä̆q̇wă ~ *ć̣_ä̆qwă

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: scoop, spoon, wooden vessel

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *č̣:iḳ(:)V-rV

Proto-Tsezian: *čuχ:-ro ( ~ -ʁ-)

Proto-Lak: ḳič̣u

Proto-Dargwa: *ḳuc̣ul

Proto-Lezghian: *č̣aq̇ʷ ( ~ -ä-)

Proto-West Caucasian: *č́(ʷ)aq̇ʷV

Notes: Besides some metatheses (of the glottalisation feature, and of root consonants as such), which are usual in roots containing two stops, correspondences are regular, and the etymology seems quite satisfactory. Note the frequent use of the derivate in *-lV in EC (reflected in Av. č̣:iḳa-ro, Lak. ḳič̣a-la, PD *ḳuc̣u-l).

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *č̣:iḳ(:)V-rV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: spoon

Avar: č̣:iḳáro (dial.)

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *čuχ:-ro ( ~ -ʁ-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: wooden gutter, kennel (on the roof)

Bezhta: čüχrö (Khosh.)

Comments: Isolated in Bezht. (cf. also Tlad. čüχüṭrö id. < *čuχ:Vr-ṭo with a productive dental suffix), but having probable external parallels.

Lak etymology :

Lak root: ḳič̣u

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: slop-basin, basin

Lak form: ḳič̣u

Comments: Cf. also ḳič̣ala 'scoop'.

Dargwa etymology :

Proto-Dargwa: *ḳuc̣ul

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: spoon

Akusha: ḳuc̣ul

Chiragh: ḳuc̣ul

Comments: Cf. also Ur., Kub. ḳuc̣ul id.

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *č̣aq̇ʷ ( ~ -ä-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 wooden jar 2 spoon; wooden shovel for winnowing

Tabasaran: č̣aq̇a 1 (Düb.)

Agul: č̣aq̇ 1 (Tp.)

Archi: č̣aq̇ʷ 2

Comment: 4th class in Arch. Obl. base unknown. There exists also a Lezg. (Khl.) form č̣uχ-ar 'gutter, kennel': it can go back to the same root with a reflection of deglottalised *q ( > PL *-χ-). Semantically (and formally) cf. Bezht. čüχrö 'gutter' (see above).

Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :

Proto-West-Caucasian: *č́(ʷ)aq̇ʷV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 wooden scoop with a handle 2 basin, tureen

Abkhaz: a-č́aq̇ʷá 1

Ubykh: čaq̇ʷǝ́ 2

Comments: Cf. also Abkh. Bzyb. a-č́aq̇ʷǝ́ 'wooden scoop'. Abkh. č́ points to *č́-, but Ub. č - rather to *č́ʷ. This is probably explained by a secondary labialising assimilation in the prehistory of Ub.

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *[Će]kʷ (?)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: ladle

Chinese: 釂 *ćekʷs to empty a cup, 爵 *ćekʷ wine cup

Lushai: suak (suaʔ) to ladle, ladle out.

Chinese characters :

Character: 釂

Modern (Beijing) reading: jiaò

Preclassic Old Chinese: ćekʷs

Classic Old Chinese: cewh

Western Han Chinese: cjawh

Eastern Han Chinese: cjawh

Early Postclassic Chinese: cjèw

Middle Postclassic Chinese: cjèw

Late Postclassic Chinese: cjèw

Middle Chinese: cjèw

English meaning : to empty (a cup)

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 0

Four-angle index: 0

Karlgren code: 1121 h

Yenisseian etymology :

Proto-Yenisseian: *sɨʔk (~-g,-χ)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: trough for dough (ночевка)

Ket: śɨʔk, pl. śɨ̄kŋ¹

Yug: sɨʔk, pl. sɨkŋ¹

Comments: ССЕ 275. Werner 2, 222 *sɨʔk.

Basque etymology :

Proto-Basque: *aśka

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 trough, kneading tray 2 manger, crib 3 bucket, tub

Bizkaian: aska 2, 3

Gipuzkoan: aska 2, 3, seaska 2

High Navarrese: aska 2, seaska 2

Low Navarrese: aska 1

Lapurdian: aska 2

Zuberoan: áska 1, sehaska 2, (arc.) arska 1

Roncalese: aska 1

Comments: Se(h)aska 'crib' < *śenhi 'child' + *aśka.

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