Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ṭēmṭV

Meaning: pimple, wart, uvula

North Caucasian: *ṭēmṭV

Basque: *tintV

Comments and references : Etymological comparison suggested by John Bengtson.

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *ṭēmṭV

Meaning: freckle, spot

Proto-Nakh: *ṭāṭi

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ṭinṭV

Proto-Tsezian: *ṭǝṭV (~-o-,-Ṽ-)

Proto-Lak: ṭanṭa

Proto-Lezghian: *ṭ[e]mṭ

Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Obviously expressive, but with sufficiently good correspondences.

Nakh etymology :

Proto-Nakh: *ṭāṭi

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: freckle, spot

Chechen: ṭēda

Ingush: ṭäd

Comments: *ṭɦ- also possible.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *ṭinṭV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 freckle(s) 2 pock-marked, speckled

Avar: ṭonṭ-ró

Tindi: ṭiṭa-ḳ-be 1

Godoberi: ṭinṭiḳʷa-be-ki3

Comments: All forms contain suffixes: in Av. -ro is the original plural suffix; -ḳ- in Tind. and God. is diminutive; it is accompanied also by the plural suffix *-bi.

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *ṭǝṭV (~-o-,-Ṽ-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: pimple

Bezhta: ṭoṭilo

Comments: Isolated in Bezht., but having reliable external parallels. The Bezht. word contains a frequent -lo suffix (cf. also the Av. form).

Lak etymology :

Lak root: ṭanṭa

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: freckle

Lak form: ṭanṭa

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *ṭ[e]mṭ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 freckle 2 wart, nipple 3 nipple, female breast

Lezghian: ṭʷeṭʷ-el 1

Tabasaran: ṭiṭ 1

Agul: ṭalṭam 1

Rutul: ṭiṭ 2

Udi: c:ic:-ik: 3

Comment: An expressive root, thus the precise reconstruction is somewhat difficult. The word probably contained -m- in Inlaut, cf. the labialization in Lezg. and the Ag. form (ṭalṭam < *ṭVmṭ-al = Lezg. ṭʷeṭʷel). The suffixed -Vl is probably an exact match for the Av. and Bezht. forms q.v.

    See Хайдаков 1973, 49.

Basque etymology :

Proto-Basque: *tintV

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 uvula 2 glands hanging from a goat 3 earring

Lapurdian: tintola 1, tintilla 2

Roncalese: tintilla 2, 3

Comments: Note the similar expressive suffixes, e.g. Bezhta ṭoṭi-lo 'pimple' ~ Bsq tinto-la 'uvula', etc.

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