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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *nĭ́qwē
Meaning: chaff; rush
Comments and references : -HGC 29, LV Cb4. sccet-meaning,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *nĕq_wē
Meaning: chaff
Notes: Except for a secondary assimilation in PWC (*maq:ʷǝ < *naq:ʷǝ) correspondences are quite regular. Both semantically and phonetically the etymology seems quite plausible. Attempts to compare the Adygh forms with different Caucasian material (Osset. mäḳʷǝl / bäḳʷäl 'stack', Georg. magoli etc. - see Abayev 2, 85, or with Arch. maḳʷ 'thistle' - see Shagirov 1, 265) - seem in every respect less acceptable. Abdokov (1983, 110-111) compares the EC forms with *-qʷa in PAK *xʷǝ(r)-qʷa 'chaff' (with *xʷǝ- 'millet' in the first part), whence Ad. (Bzhed.) fǝr-q:ʷa, Kab. xʷǝ-qʷa. Although the semantic match is exact, the phonetic side raises some questions (tense *q:ʷ would be expected in PAK). It is possible that *maq:ʷǝ 'hay' and *-qʷa 'chaff' actually represent a single root, with a secondary distortion within a compound with PAK *xʷǝ- 'millet'.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-khin,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *nik:ʷV
Meaning: chaff
Avar: nak:ú
Chadakolob: náku
Andian language: nik:u
Akhvakh: nixo
Chamalal: nikʷ
Tindi: nix:ʷa
Karata: nik:u
Botlikh: nik:u
Godoberi: nik:u
Comments: Av. paradigm B (nak:-dál; but Chad. A - gen. náku-l). Cf. also Akhv. Ratl. nixʷe.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *nɔχ:u A
Meaning: 1 chaff 2 straw
Tsezi: noχu 1
Ginukh: noχu 1
Khvarshi: jũχu (Radzhibov)
Inkhokvari: jõχu 1
Bezhta: naχo 2
Gunzib: nɔχu 2
Comments: PTsKh *noχu (reasons for the metathesis of nasalisation in Khvarsh. and Inkh. are not clear); PGB *nɔχu (Bokarev has Gunz. naχu, which is a misspelling, cf. the MSU recording: nɔχu).
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: nax
Meaning: chaff
Lak form: nax
Comments: Obl. nux:a-. Cf. Khosr. naxʷ, nux:ʷa- id.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *nek:ʷ
Meaning: chaff
Akusha: neg
Chiragh: nek:ʷ
Comments: Cf. also Kub. nikʷ, Kharb. nek, Ur. nig, Muir. nik id.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *näqʷ
Meaning: 1 chaff 2 straw
Lezghian: naʁʷ 1
Tabasaran: naqʷ 1
Agul: neqʷ 1
Rutul: naχʷ 2
Tsakhur: ńaqʷ 1
Kryz: nöχ 2
Budukh: noχ 1
Archi: naχʷ 1
Udi: neq 1
Comment: Cf. also Lezg. erg. naʁʷa-di, Khl. naʁʷ, naʁʷa-di; Tab. Kand. niqʷ, Düb. nuq. The archaic oblique stem *niqʷV- is reflected in Tsakh. ńuq-ne-. There is not enough evidence for reconstructing the final vowel in the obl. base (most languages have here consonantal obl. bases). 4th class in all class-distinguishing languages. See Бокарев 1961, 59; Лексика 1971, 177; Гигинейшвили 1977, 72, 98.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,
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Khinalug etymology :
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Khinalug root: nuk
North Caucasian etymology: 1659
Meaning: chaff
Khinalug form: nuk
khinet-prnum,khinet-meaning,khinet-khi,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *maq:ʷǝ ( ~ -q́ʷ:-)
Meaning: hay
Adyghe: maq:ʷǝ
Kabardian: maq:ʷ
Comments: PAK *maq:ʷǝ́.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *nĕkʷ (/*mĕkʷ)
Meaning: a k. of rush, cane
Tibetan: sńug reed, rush, bulrush; cf. also smjug, smjig cane, bamboo.
Burmese: hmjać bamboo sprouts, LB *smi[k].
Comments: Garo bimik sprout, germ, blade. Sh. 67; Ben. 56.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-burm,stibet-comments,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 蒻
Modern (Beijing) reading: ruò
Preclassic Old Chinese: n(h)ekʷ
Classic Old Chinese: n(h)euk
Western Han Chinese: n(h)jauk
Eastern Han Chinese: ń(h)auk
Early Postclassic Chinese: ń(h)auk
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ń(h)ak
Late Postclassic Chinese: ń(h)ak
Middle Chinese: ńak
English meaning : rush used for making mats
Radical: 0
Four-angle index: 0
Karlgren code: 1123 b
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *dVqVn (/-χ-)
Meaning: grass, straw
Ket: da:n
Yug: daxǝn5
Kottish: tōnapul, *tōnaful, pl. tōnapulaŋ "Schuhheu"; (Бол.) ešalɨkɨ-tan 'flower'
Comments: ССЕ 225. For the Kott. compound tōna-pul cf. a parallel Ket formation (Донн.) buòleŋ dạ̀n "Fussheu, Schuhheu". Kott. ešalɨkɨ-tan 'flower' = Ket (Кастр.) śolgä dān, (КРС) śolga da:n 'flower', where śolga < Russ. шелк (lit. "silk grass"). Werner 1, 180 *daqǝn.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-notes,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *naɣéći
Meaning: bamboo
Hunza: naɣéći
Comments: Sh. nagaći `Schilf'.
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-hun,buruet-notes,
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