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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *q̇V̄r[H]V́
Meaning: a relative
Comments and references : HGC 26. sccet-meaning,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *q̇ar[H]V
Meaning: cousin, first cousin
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. The root occurs only in compounds (primarily with *=ɨ̆ć_ĭ 'brother /sister', but in Avaro-Andian languages also with some other kinship terms), which has made the correspondences not quite regular. The major irregularity is loss of glottalisation in Lak. (-qu) and PL (*-χ[a]r). Still, the complete parallelism of the components and the exact semantic match of reflexes make the etymology quite probable.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *=oc:i-q̇a- ( ~ -q̇o-)
Meaning: (first) cousin
Avar: =ác:-ʕal
Chadakolob: =ac-ħál
Akhvakh: =ac:i-q̇a
Chamalal: =ac-ā-
Tindi: =ac:-a-
Comments: Cf. also Akhv. Tlan., Ratl. =ac:i-q̇a-. The first part of the compound is *=oc:i- 'brother/sister'. In Avar there also exists another compound: ím-ʕal 'uncle' (with im- 'father'), but the corresponding Andian forms are not attested. The Avar forms (wac:ʕal, jac:ʕal) were widely borrowed into neighbouring languages: cf. And. wacʔal, jacʔal, Kar. wacʕal, jacʕal, God. wac:aʕal, jac:aʕal, Tsez., Gin., Bezht., Gunz. wacʕal, jacʕal. Old Tind. > Inkh. waccahaw, jaccahaj.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: s:u-ra-qu
Meaning: (first) cousin
Lak form: s:uraqu
Comments: Cf. Khosr. s:uraqu / s:araqu id. The form is a compound with the old obl. base of us:u (see *=ɨ̆ć_ĭ) 'brother'.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *=uc:i-q̇ar
Meaning: (first) cousin
Akusha: =uzi-q̇ar
Chiragh: =uc:i-q̇ar
Comments: Cf. also Kait. uc:i-q̇ar. The word is a compound with uc:i / ruc:i 'brother / sister'.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *čʷɨ-χ[a]r
Meaning: 1 (first) cousin 2 step-father
Agul: čum-χar 1
Rutul: čuχud-did 2
Archi: še-ker-t:u 1
Comment: Cf. also Ag. Bursh. čaχʷar 'first cousin'. The Rut. (Shinaz) form is cited from Ibragimov, who has recorded there: čuχu-d-did 'stepfather', čurχu-d-nin 'stepmother' - historically "father (did) or mother (nin) of the first cousin (*čʷɨ-χ[a]r)". The first component of this kinship term (Rut. Shin. ču-, Ag. ču-, Arch. še-) can be easily identified with *čʷɨj 'brother', and the word as a whole - with forms like Darg. uzi-q̇ar, Av. wac:-ʕal etc. The Archi form (šeker-) very likely belongs here to, but the irregular change *-χ- ( < *-q-) to -k- is baffling.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Kʷrij
Meaning: child-in-law
Burmese: khrwijh-ma, khjwijh-ma daughter-in-law, son's wife.
Kachin: khri1 paternal aunt's daughter, sister's children, son-in-law.
Comments: Ben. 56.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-burm,stibet-kach,stibet-comments,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *qar(1)- (~χ-)
Meaning: grandchild
Ket: qal4 // qalɔq5 (South.), North. qalǝq5; pl. qalɨn5
Yug: хarɔх5, pl. хarɔхn5
Comments: ССЕ 256. Werner 2, 64 <*qaʎoq>. Ar. biḱal 'son', biḱaĺa 'daughter', Pump. pikola id. should be rather derived from PY *ʒVl 'child' (although a contamination due to phonetic convergence in Arin and Pumpokol was possible).
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-notes,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *-rék
Meaning: brother-in-law / sister-in-law
Yasin: -rék
Hunza: -rík
Nagar: -rík
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,
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