Change viewing parameters
Select another database
Sino-Caucasian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *=adV̄ ( ~ -ǝ-)
Meaning: to beat, hit
Comments and references : HGC 36. In ST cf. also *tǝ̄j 'to butt' 906 (probably same root); *tăj 'dig', *thăH ( ~ dh-) `pound, grind'; in PY - *ʔit- / *ʔat- 'hew, chop', *ta(j)- `split, hew'. Possibly more than one root with *-d-. [Cf. *=ĭṭV, *=ǟtwV, *=āṭwV]. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-notes,
Search within this database
North Caucasian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-North Caucasian: *=adV̄ ( ~ -ǝ-)
Meaning: to butt, beat
Notes: See Абдоков 1983, 166.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-lak,caucet-lezg,caucet-khin,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
Search within this database
Lak etymology :
Search within this database
Lak root: =a=t:a-
Meaning: to beat
Lak form: =a=t:a-n
Comments: G. pr. =a=t:u-nu. Cf. Khosr. =a=t:a-n id.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
Search within this database
Lezghian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Lezghian: *ʔat:a
Meaning: 1 to stick into, pierce 2 to butt
Lezghian: aq̇-ad-ar- 1
Archi: =at:a- 2
Comment: Arch. dur. a=t:a-r. The Lezg. verb is formally derived from a noun *aq̇ad, which must be itself a verbal derivate.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,
Search within this database
Khinalug etymology :
Search within this database
Khinalug root: l-at:ɨ-r-
North Caucasian etymology: 1899
Meaning: to beat, to hit
Khinalug form: lat:ɨr-kʷi
khinet-prnum,khinet-meaning,khinet-khi,
Search within this database
Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-West-Caucasian: *wǝ-t:a-
Meaning: to pound, beat
Adyghe: wǝta-n
Kabardian: wǝda-n
Comments: PAK *wǝt:a-.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-comment,
Search within this database
Sino-Tibetan etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ti (~dh-, -e; -t)
Meaning: hit, strike
Burmese: tih to hit, knock.
Kachin: ǝdit2 to strike.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-burm,stibet-kach,
Search within this database
Yenisseian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Yenisseian: *tV- / *tVʔVǯ-
Meaning: to beat; to stick into
Ket: ta:ŕi4 (Kur.), ta:dǝ4 (Bak., Sur.), taŕ4 (North.); (Кастр.) diä-tet́, die-tet́ (pret. dōn-tet́, dun-tet́, pass. ān-tet́, an-tet́) 'to lash', donābtät 'to stick into' (lit. 'beat with knife') (Werner 2, 196 dɔ́ń-tɛt)
Yug: ta:ht́ 'beat'; (Werner 2, 196) di-dɔ́n-fa-tet́ 'ich steche mit einem Messer'
Kottish: aś-thāta-jaŋ, pret. aś-thūta-jaŋ, imp. aś-tha-n, pass. aś-tho-rītei; āthi-jaŋ, pret. ān-athi-jaŋ, imp. ān-thi, pass. anāthi; d́-āthi 'lashing', d́ō-thi-aŋ 'to lash' (pret. d́ōla-thi-aŋ, imp. d́al-thi, pass. d́alā-thi); (Бол.) el-ota 'I beat'; battajaŋ "stick into", praet. barttajaŋ, imp. arta; (Бол.) tono[p]atɨk(že) "I stick into" [ton- 'knife']
Arin: ajete (Лоск.) ('I beat'); tontasala (Лоск.) "I stick into" [ton 'knife']
Pumpokol: d-ont́-gɨn (донтьгын) (Срсл)
Comments: ССЕ 291. The available forms allow to reconstruct the root *ti- / *ta- (with a verbal complement -Vǯ in Ket-Yug). Connected may be also a not quite clear Yug formation: toud́ej3 'to push', toutfɨt́3 'to shove', as well as the second verbal stem with a dental in Ket (Кастр.) aʁ-as-ti (imper.) "hack!" (see also related forms under *ʔit- / *ʔat-). The same verbal stem can be probably discovered in Arin and Pumpokol in the phrase "the thunder strikes" (lit. "God strikes"), cf. Ar. es b́at́ānt́u (М., Сл., Кл.), es b́athianta (Срсл.); Pump. eč-hittióxdu (Сл.), ečhitioxda (Срсл., Кл.). In ССЕ 280 I have additionally (on the basis of Ket, Kottish and Arin forms) reconstructed a separate root *ta(j)- 'to stick into' (accepted, although with a question mark, by Werner 1, 196-197) - which is in fact a variant of the same PY *tV-. Werner 2, 243 <*thaʔǝd'ǝ / *taʔkǝd'ǝ> 'beat, strike'.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-ari,yenet-pum,yenet-notes,
Search within this database
Long-range etymologies :
Search within this database
Borean (approx.) : WVTV
Meaning : hit
Afroasiatic : *wV(H)d- 'hit' (Eg., Berb., ? Chad.)
African (misc.) : Cf. Bantu *-béét- 'hit'.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-afr,globet-reference,
Search within this database
Nostratic etymology :
Search within this database
Eurasiatic: *wVdV
Meaning: hit
References: МССНЯ 362; ND 2460 *wedV ~ *weʔVdV 'to push, strike, cut'. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
Search within this database
Indo-European etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-IE: *wedh- (Gr w-)
Meaning: axe, chopper; to hit, to chop
Tokharian: A wät-k 'sich trennen, entscheiden', wät-, wet- 'kämpfen'
Old Indian: vadhati, aor. avadhīt `to strike, slay, kill, murder, destroy'; vadhar n., vadhánā f. `deadly weapon'; vádhri- `castrated'
Avestan: vādāya- `zurückstossen'; vada- m. `Keil zum Spalten des Holzes'; vadar- n. `Waffe (zum Schlagen)'
Old Greek: éthris = tomías, kriós (Hsch.), áthris Suidas, íthris = spádōn, tomías, eunū̂khos (Hes)., áthris (Suid.), óthris (Zonar.); ōthéō, aor. ō̂sai̯, éōsa, pass. eṓsthēn, pf. éōka `stossen, drängen, treiben, weg-, fortstossen, vertreiben, zurückwerfen'; ō̂si-s `das Stossen, Weg-, Forstossen', ōsmó-s `id.', ōsmǟ́ f. `Stoss', ṓstǟ-s `Erdstoss', di-ōstḗr m., di-, eks-ṓstra f., n. -ōstra n.; én-osi-s, -eōs f. 'shaking, quake' Hes.+, énnosis = kínēsis (Hsch.); {éthōn 'stossend' - wanted!}
Celtic: OIr fodb, fadb `Axt ?' OIr fāisc- `drücken', MCymr gwascu, Bret gwaska `id.'
Russ. meaning: бить, рубить; рубило, топор
Comments: Cf. Tokh B yatwe 'whip, thong' (Adams 482); A wac, B weta 'combat, struggle'; B wät- 'fight' (590, 608)
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-tokh,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-greek,piet-balt,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-comment,
Search within this database
Baltic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Baltic: *wedeg-ā̂ f.
Meaning: axe
Lithuanian: vedegà `Art Zimmeraxt, Eisaxt', dial. vedegà, vēdegà 'Axt zum Aushöhlen von Trögen'
Lettish: vędga `Brechstange; Brechstange mit hölzernem Stiel; Stemmeisen, Hohlmeissel'
Old Prussian: wedigo `Zimmerbeil' V. 531
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-lett,baltet-oprus,
Search within this database
Pokorny's dictionary :
Search within this database
Number: 2097
Root: u̯edh-1
English meaning: to push, hit
German meaning: `stoßen, schlagen'
Derivatives: u̯edh-ri-s `verschnitten'
Material: Ai. vadhati, ávadhīt `schlagen, stoßen, vernichten', Kaus. vadhayati, vadhá- m. `tötend, Mordwaffe (bes. von Indras Geschoß); Schlag, Vernichtung' = av. vada- m. `Keil zum Spaltendes Holzes', ai. vádhar- n. `Mordwaffe (bes. von Indras Geschoß)' = av. vadar- n. `Waffe (zum Schlagen)', vádhram `Lederriemen', ai. vadhasná- m. ds., av. vādāya- `zurückstoßen' (dehnstufig wie gr. ὠθέω); gr. ἔθει φθείρει. ἐρεθίζει Hes., hom. ἔθων `stoßend, zerwühlend', ἔθειρα `Haupthaar, Mähne'; ὠθέω `stoße' (: av. vādāya-), ὦσις `Stoß', ἔνοσις `Erschütterung' (*en-u̯odh-tis); auch in ἐνοσίχθων, ἐννοσίγαιος, εἰνοσίφυλλος (ἐνν-, ἐιν- metr. Dehnung);
ai. vádhri- `verschnitten' (`mit zerstoßenen Hoden') = gr. ἐθρίς τομίας, κριός Hes.; sekundär ἴθρις, ἄθρις;
lit. vedegà `eine Art Axt', lett. vedga `Eisaxt, Brechstange', apr. wedigo `Zimmerbeil', air. fodb `Waffenbeute' (*u̯odh-u̯o-); ist auch av. vaδaɣan- `EN eines glaubensfeindlichen Fürsten' als `Axt, Schläger' zu deuten?
ein sk-Präsens scheint ir. fāisc- `drücken', mcymr. gwascu, bret. gwaska `drücken' (freilich Ablaut ō :o).
References: WP. I 254 f., Frisk 446 f., 449 f.
Pages: 1115
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-derivative,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
Search within this database
Uralic etymology :
Search within this database
Number: 1150
Proto: *weδ3
English meaning: to kill
German meaning: töten
Udmurt (Votyak): vi-, vij- (S), viị̑- (G) 'töten, umbringen'
Komi (Zyrian): vi- (S), vij- (P) 'töten; schlagen', vi- (PO) 'töten'
Khanty (Ostyak): wel- (V O), wet- (DN)
Mansi (Vogul): äl.- (TJ), ǟl- (KU P), al- (So.) 'töten'
Hungarian: öl- 'töten, umbringen'
Sammalahti's version: *wilä- (mit Lp \fâl`lit-)
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-khn,uralet-man,uralet-ugr,uralet-samm2,
Search within this database
Dravidian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Dravidian : *veṭ-
Meaning : to cut
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,
Search within this database
South Dravidian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-South Dravidian : *veṭ-
Meaning : to cut; to engrave
Tamil : veṭṭu (veṭṭi-)
Tamil meaning : to cut as with sword or axe, cut off, engrave, dig as a well, injure, destroy; n. cutting, wound, cut, engraving
Malayalam : veṭṭuka
Malayalam meaning : to cut with a sword or axe, dig, engrave
Malayalam derivates : veṭṭu blow, strike, cut, wound, sunstroke, stitch, felling trees, digging, engraving
Kannada : beṭṭu
Kannada meaning : to cause to enter firmly, strike forcibly into, impress, stamp, coin; n. tool for making impressions
Tulu : beṭṭuni
Tulu meaning : to cut, circumcise
Tulu derivates : boṭṭuni to beat as a drum, hammer as metal, knock as a door; caus. boṭṭāvuni; boṭṭele drummer
Notes : Tulu beṭṭuni either dialectal or borrowed.
Number in DED : 5478
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-notes,sdret-dednum,
Search within this database
Nilgiri etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Nilgiri : *veṭ
Meaning : cut, mark of a cut
Kota : veṭ
Number in DED : 5478
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-dednum,
Search within this database
Select another database
Change viewing parameters
Total pages generated | Pages generated by this script | 105433 | 2541572 |
| Help
|
StarLing database server | Powered by | CGI scripts | Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin | | Copyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov |
|