Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *č̣wV̆́ɫHV ( ~ šṭ-)

Meaning: mouth, face

North Caucasian: *č̣wV̆lHV (~-č̣_-,-ɫ-)

Sino-Tibetan: *ć(h)ăl ( ~ -ǝ̆-)

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *č̣wV̆lHV (~-č̣_-,-ɫ-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: cheek; mouth

Proto-Lak: č̣aw

Proto-Lezghian: *č̣ʷal(:a)

Proto-West Caucasian: *č̣́ʷa

Notes: The comparison seems reliable, although the vocalism is not quite clear.

Lak etymology :

Lak root: č̣aw

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: cheek

Lak form: č̣aw

Comments: 4th class.

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *č̣ʷal(:a)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 temple 2 face

Lezghian: c̣ʷel 1

Tabasaran: č̣̌al 1

Udi: č:o 2

Comment: Cf. also Lezg. Khl. č̣ʷɔl 'temple'. Obl. base not quite clear (Khl. č̣ʷɔla-, Tab. č̣̌ali-).

Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :

Proto-West-Caucasian: *č̣́ʷa

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: mouth

Abkhaz: a-č̣ǝ́

Abaza: č̣a

Adyghe: ža

Kabardian: źa

Ubykh: č̣́a

Comments: PAT *č̣A; PAK *ža. Ub. and PAT point unambiguously to PWC *č̣́ʷ; reasons for deglottalisation in PAK are not quite clear (regularly *č̣ would be expected).

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ć(h)ăl ( ~ -ǝ̆-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: face, forehead

Tibetan: źal (resp.) mouth, face.

Lushai: čal the forehead, brow, KC *M-tśal.

Comments: Chepang jelh forehead.

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