Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ḳwǝ́nƛ̣V ( ~ -Ł-)

Meaning: rake, pitchfork

North Caucasian: *ḳwǝnƛ̣_V ( ~ -Ł_-)

Sino-Tibetan: *khuk ( ~ *g(h)-)

Yenisseian: *gu(ʔ)lep (~-ū-, -r₁-)

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *ḳwǝnƛ̣_V ( ~ -Ł_-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: pitchfork

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ḳʷanƛ̣:a

Proto-Tsezian: *ḳ[o]ƛu

Notes: An Av.-And.-Tsez. isogloss.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *ḳʷonƛ̣:a

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 pitchfork 2 scissors

Avar: ḳuƛ̣:-máχ: 2

Chadakolob: ḳʷeƛ̣:-maχ 2

Andian language: ḳonƛ̣:a 1

Akhvakh: ḳʷãƛ̣:ela 2

Chamalal: ḳʷanƛ̣:a 1

Tindi: ḳʷanƛ̣:a 1,2

Karata: ḳʷanƛ̣:e 1

Bagvalal: ḳʷanƛ̣:a 1,2

Godoberi: ḳʷanƛ̣:a 1

Comments: Av. has a compound (with maχ: 'iron'); in lit. Avar there is also a variant ḳʷéƛ̣:-maχ:. Cf. also Akhv. Tseg. ḳʷeƛ̣:e-bil 'scissors', Ratl. ḳʷanƛ̣:i-bali, Cham. ḳʷanƛ̣:-be (Gig. ḳunƛ̣:ib), God. ḳʷanƛ̣:i-bi id. (the word for "scissors" has usually a plural suffix).

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *ḳ[o]ƛu

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 pitchfork 2 bifurcation

Tsezi: q̇Iuƛu / q̇Ioƛu 1

Khvarshi: ḳuƛu 1

Inkhokvari: ḳoƛu 1

Bezhta: q̇uƛƛo 2

Gunzib: q̇uƛu 2

Comments: PTsKh *ḳoƛu; PGB *q̇uƛu. The irregular initial uvular in Tsez. and PGB must be explained either by the influence of PTs *q̇IeL(:)e 'fork' (q.v.) or by the influence of the numeral "two" (Tsez. q̇Ia-no, Bezht. q̇o-na).

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *khuk ( ~ *g(h)-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: shear, strip

Burmese: kǝuk bite with the teeth of an instrument; shear.

Lepcha: kuk to rake, to strape or draw towards self as with stick; to hoe superficially; to pitch with a stick; to pull upwards with hook; to ladle, to spoon out, to hit with stick, to bat; to toss as bull with horns

Kiranti: *khók

Comments: BG: Garo kik, Dimasa khu strip. Ben. 82.

Kiranti etymology :

Proto-Kiranti: *khók

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Meaning: cut, shear, chop

Kaling: 'khonä ('khogu) cut, shear, shave

Limbu: khɔkmā (khɔktu) chop

Kulung: khɔ̄ma

Yamphu: khoŋma 'fragment, chop up', kho:kma 'scrape off, shave'

Comments: Cf. *kok. Toba 95 *khVC- (confused with *khur).

Limbu dictionary :

Entry: khɔkmaʔ, -khɔkt-/-khɔk-

Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology

Grammar: vt.

Meaning: 1) chop, clip (hair), cut (eg. siN wood, sa meat) into pieces 2) lam khɔkmaʔ bar someone's path, cut someone off

Kulung dictionary :

Entry: khɔ:ma

Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology

Grammar: vt-2 [1: khɔks- 2: khɔ:-]

Meaning: cut, shave, hack (moving knife towards object)

Nepali: kāṭnu.

Yamphu dictionary :

Entry: kho:kma I

Kiranti etymology: Kiranti etymology

Stem: <kho:g- ; kho:k->

Grammar: v.intr. & v.tr.

Meaning: a) to scrape off the outer layer, e.g. the skin off vegetables or the fur off a slaughtered animal; b) to shave with a razor.

Nepali: khurkanu

Yenisseian etymology :

Proto-Yenisseian: *gulep (~-r₁-)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: shovel

Kottish: kuĺēp, kulep, pl. kuĺēpaŋ

Comments: ССЕ 229. One could probably reconstruct *gul-j[e]ʔp (~-r₁-), with *j[e]ʔp 'shovel, board' in the second part. Werner 1, 449.

Total pages generated Pages generated by this script 434122 2405602	Help
StarLing database server Powered by CGI scripts Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin Copyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov