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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ʔī́rʎwV
Meaning: male
sccet-meaning,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-basq,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *ʔīrʎ_wV ( ~ -ɨ̄-)
Meaning: male
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. The root is prefixless in PN (traces of it are also seen in Andian languages), so probably the prefixed variant (with b-) in Av., Akhv. and Lak. is secondary.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-lak,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *ʔārʎi
Meaning: 1 ungelt 2 ram
Chechen: ēra 1
Ingush: ärh 1
Batsbi: ajrʎ 2
Comments: Cf. also PN *ʔūrʎ > Chech., Ing. urh 'testiculi'. *ʔūrʎ and *ʔārʎi are probably historically parts of one paradigm: direct stem *ʔūrʎ, obl. stem (with regular Ablaut) *ʔārʎi-.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-bcb,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *-iʎ:V- / *-ixʷV-
Meaning: 1 male 2 husband
Avar: bixín 1
Chadakolob: bixína-b 1
Akhvakh: beʎ:o 1
Tindi: hʷan-heḳʷa 2
Comments: Akhv. -ʎ:- reflects an early variant with delabialisation of *-ʎ:ʷ- > *-ʎ:-, whereas in Av. and Tind. *-ʎ:ʷ- regularly changed to -x- (Tind. hʷ). The root was historically prefixless (cf. the Nakh data), so the Tindi form (hʷan- < *ʔixʷV-n-) is probably the most archaic. Cf. also Av. Chad. bexér (gen. boxró-l) "penis". Av. > Gin. bikinaw 'male', Bezht. bikinab 'male', bikinči 'male' ( = Av. bixín-či).
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-akv,aandet-tnd,aandet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: burxni-
Meaning: male
Lak form: burxni-s:a
Comments: Cf. Khosr. burxni-čū id. ( = Av. bixín-či). The syllable-final position of -x- allows for both *-x- and *-x:- in Proto-Laki.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *laH (~ ƛ-)
Meaning: testicles, male
Burmese: lah ungelded, laʔ-uʔ testiculi.
Kachin: la1 a male.
Comments: Mat. 184. STEDT 343-344 *la 'male', 361-362 *la 'copulate' (with more Naga, Bodo-Garo, Gurung-Tamang-Thakali and LB forms). Most Kiranti forms, however, are attributed here to a different root *ra ~ wa which is quite shaky, while Limbu ja-rimba is separately compared with Manchati ńja-ri and Tamang ŋja - also quite improbable. Nasalized forms are probably: Mikir ar-leŋ, Trung *laŋ-la 'man'.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-burm,stibet-kach,stibet-kir,stibet-comments,
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Kiranti etymology :
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Proto-Kiranti: *ràrV ( < *la-ri?)
Meaning: seed, semen
Tulung: la-sa 'semen', bral 'seed'
Kaling: rɔru
Limbu: jārimbā
Comments: Toba 95 *bralu. Cf. *r[i] 'stalk' (*rà-rV is possibly an assimilation < *la-ri) and Belhare la-lik 'semen, sperm'. In STEDT 344-345 the Limbu form is separately compared with Tamang ŋja 'semen' which is quite impossible. Here perhaps also Kal. lɛhsbe, Dumi lǝncɨp 'man, male' (although the morphological structure is not quite clear).
kiret-prnum,kiret-meaning,kiret-tul,kiret-kal,kiret-lim,kiret-dum,kiret-kul,kiret-notes,
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Dumi dictionary :
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Entry: ro:rɨ
Grammar: n.
Meaning: sperm, seed.
dumet-prnum,dumet-pspeech,dumet-meaning,
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Kulung dictionary :
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Entry: imma
Grammar: vt-4 [1: ip- 2: ipp- 3: im-]
Meaning: put to bed, put to sleep
Nepali: sutāunu.
kulet-prnum,kulet-pspeech,kulet-meaning,kulet-nepali,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *ulča- ( ~ x-)
Meaning: testicles
Ket: ɔ́ĺtǝŋ, (Castr.) uĺtaŋ
Yug: ult́aŋ (Castr.)
Comments: Werner 2, 38, 332. The analysis ɔʔĺ 'hull' + -t- (gen.) + ēŋ 'eggs' (2, 38) is completely folk-etymological because of the attested Yug form with -t́-.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-notes,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *ar̄
Meaning: male
Bizkaian: ar
Gipuzkoan: ar
High Navarrese: ar
Low Navarrese: ar
Lapurdian: ar
Zuberoan: ar
Roncalese: ar
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-bnv,basqet-lab,basqet-zbr,basqet-rnc,
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