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Kiranti etymology :
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Proto-Kiranti: *[w]èm (/-p)
Meaning: warm (-s)
Tulung: em- to warm,roast
Kaling: emnä (emŋɔ) become hot (from fire or sun), north
kiret-prnum,kiret-meaning,kiret-tul,kiret-kal,kiret-lim,kiret-dum,
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Limbu dictionary :
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Entry: e:pmaʔ, -e:pt-/-e:p-
Grammar: vt.
Meaning: 1) overheat or burn slightly so as to allow an edible crust to form; scorch; 2) inspire with awe, instill fear
Comments: 1) tɔkʔin e:ptu He's scorching a rice crust 2) yǝmba mǝnare cukpa mǝnahaʔ e:ptusi A big man inspires small men with awe; yǝmba mǝnahaʔre amʔe:p Big men inspire us with awe.
limet-prnum,limet-pspeech,limet-meaning,limet-comments,
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Dumi dictionary :
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Entry: wǝm
Grammar: 1) n. 2) adj.
Meaning: 1) heat (meteorological); 2) hot (of the ambient air temperature)
Nepali: garmī
dumet-prnum,dumet-pspeech,dumet-meaning,dumet-nepali,dumet-comments,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ʔʷVm
Meaning: burn
Burmese: um to glow, smoulder, umh to roast in embers.
Lushai: vām (vam) be in a red-hot glowing condition (as fire).
Lepcha: om shine, om-bo illuminating
Comments: The root may partially contaminate with *wVp 'ashes' q.v.: cf. the alternation -m/-p in Kiranti and Kham hip 'burn'. stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-burm,stibet-lush,stibet-lepcha,stibet-kir,stibet-comments,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 炎
Modern (Beijing) reading: yán
Preclassic Old Chinese: wam (?)
Classic Old Chinese: wam
Western Han Chinese: wam
Eastern Han Chinese: wam
Early Postclassic Chinese: wem
Middle Postclassic Chinese: wem
Late Postclassic Chinese: wem
Middle Chinese: ɦem
English meaning : to blaze, burn
Russian meaning[s]: 1) пламя; сжигать; горячий, жаркий; 2) воспалиться; воспаление; воспаленный
Comments: MC ɦem points to OC *wam, but the xiesheng series is basically a lateral one, thus OC *lam with an irregular development (MC ɦem instead of the expected *jem) may be also reconstructed.
Radical: 86
Four-angle index: 5488
Karlgren code: 0617 a-b
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *HwắmpV
Meaning: glowing coals
sccet-meaning,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *HămpV
Meaning: coal
Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ħabu Notes: An Av.-And.-Tsez. isogloss; therefore, the quality of initial laryngeal can not be clearly established.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *ħabu
Meaning: coal
Andian language: habu
Akhvakh: habu
Chamalal: hab
Tindi: habu
Karata: habu
Botlikh: haba
Bagvalal: hab
Godoberi: habu
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *ħam(u)
Meaning: coal
Tsezi: ʕam
Ginukh: amu
Khvarshi: am
Inkhokvari: aIm
Bezhta: hamo
Gunzib: hĩjamu
Comments: PTsKh *ʕam(u); PGB *hamu (and *ham-iju, with metathesis > Gunz. hĩjamu; cf. also Bezht. Khosh. hämö, Tlad. ħämö). The correspondence of laryngeals is not quite regular (one would expect ʔ-, not ʕ-, in Tsez.).
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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