Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *[ʒ́ā]ŋ

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: rain, shower

Kachin: caŋ² to fall, as a light, cooling shower, to squirt.

Lushai: čhēŋ (čhēn) to rain continuously.

Comments: Cf. also: Karen *cuN, Tujia tsie, Manipuri chumthaŋ, Naga *cVŋ 'rain'.

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *Hǝ̄́rčwVŋ-

Meaning: to be cloudy, rain

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

North Caucasian: *Hǝ̄rč_wVn

Sino-Tibetan: *[ʒ́ā]ŋ

Basque: *ɦorci / *ɦośti

Comments and references : WFR 135.

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *Hǝ̄rč_wVn

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to become cloudy, dull (of weather)

Proto-Nakh: *jāč-

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *-irčʷ-

Proto-Lak: =aš:a- / =aš:i-

Proto-Lezghian: *raIč(ʷ)Vn- ( ~ -š-)

Nakh etymology :

Proto-Nakh: *jāč-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to be cloudy, dull (of weather) 2 to rain

Chechen: jāč- 1

Ingush: jač- 2

Batsbi: jač- 2

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *-irčʷ(Vn)-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to become cloudy (of weather)

Avar: róč:n-

Karata: ƛ̣-orč-

Comments: In Kar. ƛ̣- is an expressive prefix (cf. also Anch., Archo. orč- id.).

Lak etymology :

Lak root: =aš:a- / =aš:i-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to become cloudy (of weather)

Lak form: =aš:a-n/=aš:i-n

Comments: G. pr. =a=š:u-nu.

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *raIč(ʷ)Vn- ( ~ -š-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to become cloudy (of sky, weather)

Archi: daI=šin-

Comment: Attested only in Archi, but having good external parallels.

Basque etymology :

Proto-Basque: *ɦorci / *ɦośti

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 sky 2 storm 3 thunder 4 Thursday 5 rainbow 6 cloud

Bizkaian: osti 2, 3

Gipuzkoan: osti 2, 3, ost-egun 4

High Navarrese: ost-egun 4

Low Navarrese: ortzi 2, ortzantz, ihurtzuri 3, ost-egun 4, hortz-adar, ortz-adar, orz-adar, oltz-adar 5, ortz-egun 4, orzi-adar 5, (Hazparren) ortzi 3, orzi-adar 5, (Aldude) orz-egun 4

Lapurdian: ortzantz, ihurtzuri 3, hortz-adar, holtz-adar 5

Baztanese: ortz-egun 4, ortz-adar, oltz-adar 5

Zuberoan: ́ortze 2, orzantz 3, ost-égün 4, ost-ádar 5

Roncalese: (Isaba) ost-égun 4, (Uztárroz) orz-égun

Comments: Apparently {Urcia} (*ɦorcia) was an ancient name for the sky-god, like Jove/Jupiter, Zeus, etc., thus *ɦorc-egun or *ɦośt-egun 'Thursday'. See the discussions by Michelena (1961: 130, 363-4) and Trask (1997: 277-79). There is similar alternation of -rc- / -śt- in a few other Bsq words, e.g. *ɦerce / *ɦeśte ‘intestine’, *borc / *bośt ‘five’ (q.v.).

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : HVRCV

Meaning : rain, pour

Eurasiatic : *HVrćV ( ~ -ć`-) (cf. also *rVCV)

Afroasiatic : *raĉaḥ-

Sino-Caucasian : *Hǝ̄rč_wVŋ

Austric : PAN *quzaN 'rain', PAA *cVŋ id.; cf. also PAA *rɨah, PAN *SuRas 'wash'

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *HVrcV ( ~ -c`-)

Meaning: wash, flow

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: (*ers-)

Kartvelian: *rećx-

Comments: Cf. also IE *ewers-, PA *orusi etc.

References: (МССНЯ 349)

Kartvelian etymology :

Proto-Kartvelian: *rećx- / *rćx-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: мыть

English meaning: to wash

Georgian: recx-, rcx-

Georgian meaning (Rus.): стиpать

Georgian meaning (Engl.): to wash (clothes)

Megrel: rčx-

Megrel meaning (Rus.): мыть, стиpать

Megrel meaning (Eng.): to wash

Svan: rčx-, rǝčx-

Svan meaning (Rus.): стиpать

Svan meaning (Eng.): to wash (clothes)

Laz: čx-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 159, EWK 285-286.

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *raĉaḥ-

Meaning: pour, soak

Semitic: *rVŝ- 'sprinkle' (cf. *rVŝaḥ- 'leak')

Western Chadic: *rVĉ- 'moisten'

East Chadic: *ras- 'wet, soak'

Central Cushitic (Agaw): *ʔa-rič- 'sprinkle'

Semitic etymology :

Number: 1900

Proto-Semitic: *rVŝ-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'sprinkle'

Arabic: ršš (cf. ršḥ [-a-] 'leak')

Harsusi: reŝ

West Chadic etymology :

Proto-WChadic: *rVŝ-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'moisten'

Ngizim: rǝ̀z̃ú [ShN]

East Chadic etymology :

Proto-EChadic: *ra[ć]-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'wet, soak'

Mobu (dial. Kwang): rásé [Lns ?]

Ngam (dial. Kwang): ràse [Lns ?]

Notes: For ECh -ć- see HSED 2111 > Migama ʔèrčò 'weep'

Central Cushitic (Agaw) etymology :

Proto-Agaw: *ʔa-rič-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'sprinkle'

Awiya (Aungi): areč-ǝn

Notes: Prefix *ʔa-.

Austric etymology :

Proto-Austric: *ʔʒVʔń

Meaning: rain

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Proto-Austroasiatic: cVŋ

Austroasiatic meaning: rain

Proto-Austronesian: *quzaN

Austronesian meaning: rain

Austro-Asiatic etymology :

Proto-Austro-Asiatic: cVŋ

Meaning: rain

Austric etymology: Austric etymology

Proto-Vietic: MAL cɨ:ŋ.42

Proto-Palaungic: PRAN *cuŋ

Viet-Muong etymology :

Proto-Viet-Muong:

Meaning: rain

Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology

Palaung-Wa etymology :

Proto-Palaung-Wa:

Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology

Proto-Angku: *cuŋ

Angku etymology :

Proto-Angku: *cuŋ

Meaning: rain

Palaung-Wa etymology: Palaung-Wa etymology

Khamet: ćuŋ.55

Khme: phi.31 ćoŋ.55

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