Sino-Tibetan etymology : List with all references

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ća

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: great, big

Tibetan: ćhe great.

Burmese: ćah to be big (compared to smth.).

Kachin: (H) tiŋ-ǯa great.

Comments: Cf. also OC 將 *ćaŋ 'great, grand'; perhaps also 且 *ćhiaʔ more, moreover, and; Tib. bćas 'together with'.

Chinese characters :

Character: 且

Modern (Beijing) reading: qiě

Preclassic Old Chinese: ćhiaʔ

Classic Old Chinese: chiá

Western Han Chinese: chiá

Eastern Han Chinese: chjä́

Early Postclassic Chinese: chjá

Middle Postclassic Chinese: chjá

Late Postclassic Chinese: chjá

Middle Chinese: chjá

English meaning : moreover, furthermore, in addition, as well as, and

Russian meaning[s]: 1) пока, покамест; еще, все еще; 2) или же, либо же; 3) в будущем, в дальнейшем; вот-вот, см. 將; 4) союз, связывающий сказуемые-прилагательные и сказуемые-глаголы и; 5) начальный грамматический знак в вэньяне к тому же; пока положим, что..., а теперь...; 6) выдерживать; стойкий (в употреблении, носке и т. п.); [ju] древн. частица в конце предложения

Comments: Other readings: *ćha (MC chjö, Pek. qū) 'obstruct'; *ća (MC cjö, Pek. jū) 'final particle; plenty, many' (thus in Shi 41,1).

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 1

Four-angle index: 595

Karlgren code: 0046 a-g

Shijing occurrences: 28.4, 30.1, 40.1, 41.1_, 41.2_, 41.3_, 42.3, 47.2, 54.3

bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-doc,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-shijing,

Chinese Dialects :

Number: 119

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 且

MC description : 假開三上馬清

ZIHUI: 0011 0357

Beijing: ćhie 2

Jinan: ćhie 11

Xi'an: ćhie 2

Taiyuan: ćhiɛ 2

Hankou: ćhie 12

Chengdu: ćhie 2

Yangzhou: ćhî 2

Suzhou: chia_ 2

Wenzhou: chei 21

Changsha: chie 2

Shuangfeng: ćhio 2

Nanchang: ćhia 2

Meixian: chia 2

Guangzhou: čhɛ 21

Xiamen: chia 2

Chaozhou: chia 21

Fuzhou: chia 2

Shanghai: chi 1

Zhongyuan yinyun: chie 2

doc-charref,doc-character,doc-mcinfo,doc-zihui,doc-beijing,doc-jinan,doc-xian,doc-taiyuan,doc-hankou,doc-chengdu,doc-yangzhou,doc-suzhou,doc-wenzhou,doc-changsha,doc-shuangfeng,doc-nanchang,doc-meixian,doc-guangzhou,doc-xiamen,doc-chaozhou,doc-fuzhou,doc-shanghai,doc-zhongyuan,

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ʡV(n)ǯV

Meaning: good, big

North Caucasian: *ʡV(n)ǯV

Sino-Tibetan: *ća

Basque: *onća

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *ʡV(n)ǯV

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: good

Proto-Tsezian: *hõže (~-ž:-)

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔič:V-

Notes: A Tsez-Lezg. isogloss; attested only in three languages, thus the reconstruction is not very certain.

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *hõže (~-ž:-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: well, all right

Gunzib: hõže

Comments: Attested only in Gunz., with possible Lezg. parallels.

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔič:V-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: good

Tabasaran: užu

Agul: iže-f

Basque etymology :

Proto-Basque: *onća

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: well (adv.), good, benefit (n.)

Low Navarrese: ontsa, untsa

Lapurdian: ontsa

Zuberoan: úntsa

Comments: Association with *hon 'good' is secondary. ZBR has no aspirate in this word, though it does in hun ‘good’ and derivates like húnki ‘good deed, benefit’, húntze ‘to improve’, etc. The supposed “adverb-forming suffix" -sa is unique to this word, casting doubt on its reality. Cf. instead PEC *ʡV(n)ǯV 'good'.