Sino-Tibetan etymology : List with all references

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *[ćh]a(H)

Meaning: send

Kachin: sa² to send; sa.33 come, go

Lushai: čaʔ send for.

Comments: Trung sɔ¹ to send; Kaike sɔw- 'come'. The initials are difficult (the Chinese form may fit here only if it was in fact *shrǝʔ, with a secondary desaspiration, observed also in several other cases).

Chinese characters :

Character: 使

Modern (Beijing) reading: shǐ shì

Preclassic Old Chinese: srǝʔ srǝʔs

Classic Old Chinese: srǝ́

Western Han Chinese: ṣǝ́

Eastern Han Chinese: ṣǝ́

Early Postclassic Chinese: ṣɨ́

Middle Postclassic Chinese: ṣɨ́

Late Postclassic Chinese: ṣɨ́

Middle Chinese: ṣɨ́ ṣɨ̀

Fanqie: 色矣 [a] 師異 [b]

Rhyme class: 紙 [a] 寘 [b]

English meaning : to send, employ, cause

Russian meaning[s]: 1) использовать, применять; вводит инструментальное дополнение, ср. 用; 2) заставлять, приказывать; дать возможность; позволить; 3) сделать так, что...; пусть..., чтобы...; служебный побудительный глагол; 4) если...; если бы...; [shǐ shì] 1) посылать, командировать; 2) посланец; посол, посланник; нунций, легат; быть послом (посланником и т. д.)

Shuowen gloss: 伶也. 從人. 吏聲.

Comments: Also read *srǝʔ-s, MC ṣɨ̀, Mand. shì, Viet. sú' 'envoy, ambassador'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 9

Four-angle index: 6422

Karlgren code: 0975 n

Vietnamese reading: su`'

Shijing occurrences: 23.3, 57.3

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Chinese Dialects :

Number: 479

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 使

MC description : 止開三上止生

ZIHUI: 0169 0504

Beijing: ṣî_ 2

Jinan: ṣî_ 2

Xi'an: si_ 2

Taiyuan: si_ 2

Hankou: si_ 2

Chengdu: si_ 2

Yangzhou: si_ 2

Suzhou: si_ 2

Wenzhou: si_ 21

Changsha: ṣî_ 2

Shuangfeng: ṣî_ 2

Nanchang: si_ 2

Meixian: si_ 2

Guangzhou: ši 21

Xiamen: su 2

Chaozhou: sai 21

Fuzhou: sy 2

Shanghai: si_ 3

Zhongyuan yinyun: ši_ 2

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