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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 1067
Proto: *tiŋe (*tüŋe)
English meaning: end of trunk, thick end of tree
German meaning: Stammende, dickes Ende des Baumes
Finnish: tyvi (gen. tyven) 'Stammende, Baumstamm, dickes Ende', dial. tykö, tüö, tüä, tüke, tühö, tüjö 'nach, zu', tykönä 'bei, an, neben'
Estonian: tüvi (gen. tüve) 'unteres, dickes Ende (eines Stammes od. Stengels)', tüü 'dickeres Ende des Stammes od. Stengels, Stumpf, Stoppel'
Mordovian: t́ejs (M) 'in die Nähe, zu', t́ejsa (M) 'in der Nähe, neben, bei', t́em, t́eń, t́eńiń (E), t́ejeń (M) 'mir', t́et́, t́eńt́, t́eńet́ (E), t́et́, t́ejet́ (M) 'dir'
Mari (Cheremis): tǝŋ (KB), tüŋ (U B) 'Stammende, dickes Ende eines Baumes; Anfang, Grund'
Udmurt (Votyak): diŋ, diń (S K), di̮ń (G) 'unterer, dicker Teil des Baumstammes, der dicke Wurzelstamm mancher Pflanzen'
Komi (Zyrian): din (S), di̮n (P) 'dickes Ende (des Baumes)', dini̮n (S), dinø.n (PO) 'bei, an'
Khanty (Ostyak): tő (acc. tövet) 'Stamm, Stock; Wurzel, Ansatz', (case suffix) -től, -tól 'von'
Nenets (Yurak): (ta-sīʔ 'abwärts', tanen 'von unten' - rejected by Redei)
Enets (Yen): (tabo, taima 'Baumstamm' - rejected by Redei)
Nganasan (Tawgi): (tofi 'Baumstamm' - rejected by Redei)
Selkup: (tab, tava 'Baumstamm' - rejected by Redei)
Kamass: (tavu 'Baumstamm'; theže 'hinunter' - rejected by Redei)
Sammalahti's version: *tüŋi
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-mrd,uralet-mar,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-khn,uralet-nen,uralet-enc,uralet-nga,uralet-slk,uralet-kam,uralet-samm2,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ṭumgV
Meaning: stump
References: МССНЯ 344; ND 2387 *ṭüŋV 'butt, lower end of the trunk'. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *t`umgi ( ~ -e)
Meaning: base of tree trunk or grass stalk
Russian meaning: основание ствола, стебель травы
Comments: KW 415. Cf. OJ twoma 'mat made of grass (miscanthus)'? altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-kor,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *Tömgek
Meaning: stump
Russian meaning: пень
Tatar: tümgɛk
Uzbek: tọngak
Turkmen: töŋŋe
Khakassian: dial. tökbeš (Joki - Kyz.) Oyrat: töŋöš
Chuvash: tǝm,tǝmeke
Yakut: töŋürgäs, tögürgäs
Dolgan: töŋürges
Tofalar: döhöš
Kazakh: diŋgek
Bashkir: t/düŋgäk, tümkäk
Balkar: töŋgek
Karaim: tüngek
Karakalpak: diŋgek
Kumyk: töngek
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-tat,turcet-uzb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tof,turcet-kaz,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *tüŋge
Meaning: rough and long steppe grass
Russian meaning: грубая и длинная степная трава
Written Mongolian: tüŋge; (L 853: tüŋke 'overgrowth of feather grass') Khalkha: tünge, tünx 'заросли чия' (БАМРС) Kalmuck: tüŋgǝ
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-kal,monget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *tuŋ-
Meaning: base of tree trunk
Russian meaning: основание ствола
Modern Korean: tuŋčhi, (SKE) tuŋkhǝgi koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-reference,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : TVMKV
Meaning : stump, trunk
Notes : In ST cf. also *t(h)ŏŋ 'trunk, stem'. On the other hand cf. PAA *tɔ:ŋ 'handle', PAN *daŋanan 'handle, sword handle', *daŋkaq 'branch'.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-notes,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *dwǝ̆xq̇(w)V̄́
Meaning: stump, trunk
Comments and references : NSC 63 *dwV(n)q̇V, LV B9, SMCE 136. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-buru,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *dwɨ̆q̇(w)V̄
Meaning: log, stump
Notes: The comparison between EC and WC forms seems quite plausible both phonetically and semantically. Labialisation of *-q̇w- is suggested by PD *-ḳ- (but it may be secondary, due to progressive labialisation). There is also a possibility of a reflex in Lak.: cf. Lak. ut:u-s:a '(wooden) beam', which may go back to *q̇wɨ̆d(w)V with metathesis.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *duq̇V
Meaning: log, beam
Chechen: duq̇ū
Comments: Attested only in Chech., but having probable external parallels.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *duḳ(i)
Meaning: log, beam
Akusha: duḳi
Chiragh: duḳ
Comments: Cf. also Tsud. duḳ, Kad., Mek. duḳi.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *t:uq̇- (~d,-o-,-Vq̇ʷ)
Meaning: 1 pole, small beam 2 beam;stone for fastening roof
Tabasaran: duq̇an 1
Agul: duq̇ur 2
Comment: The root contains different suffixes (*-Vn in Tab., *-Vr in Ag.).
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *t:(ʷ)aq:a ( ~ -q̇-)
Meaning: stump, block
Adyghe: tāq:a
Kabardian: dāq:a
Comments: PAK *t:aq:á.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *tūŋ (~ d-)
Meaning: pole, beam
Tibetan: gduŋ beam, piece of timber (cf. also sdoŋ trunk, stem; block, log; tree).
Burmese: tǝuŋ post, column.
Comments: Trung duŋ1-ma1 post.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-burm,stibet-comments,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 棟
Modern (Beijing) reading: dòng
Preclassic Old Chinese: tōŋs
Classic Old Chinese: tōŋh
Western Han Chinese: tōŋh
Eastern Han Chinese: tōŋh
Early Postclassic Chinese: tṑŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: tṑŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: twṑŋ
Middle Chinese: tùŋ
English meaning : ridge-pole, ridge of roof
Russian meaning[s]: 1) поперечная балка, перекладина; 2) счетный суффикс зданий; 3) Дун (фамилия)
Radical: 75
Four-angle index: 5405
Karlgren code: 1174 f
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *ḍáko
Meaning: 1 wooden post 2 walking stick 3 short stick
Yasin: ḍáku 2
Hunza: ḍáko 1, ḍóko 3
Nagar: ḍáko 1, ḍóko 3
Comments: Sh. ḍáko, T. 5520. [Sindhi ḍaku `stick', Panj. ḍakkā `straw', from unattested ḍakka- `stick']
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,buruet-notes,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *tako, *taket
Meaning: 1 stake, post 2 circular piece of wood
Bizkaian: taket 1, tako 2
Gipuzkoan: taket 1
High Navarrese: taket 1
Comments: Aulestia & White cite taket 'stake, wedge, block, chock, stopper' (adj. 'stupid'); tako 'wedge, block, chock, stopper'. Spanish taco is of obscure origin, probably < Vasconic.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-comments,
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Austric etymology :
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Proto-Austric: *tVŋ
Meaning: trunk
Austroasiatic meaning: trunk
Miao-Yao parallels: MY *ntVŋ.B tree
Proto-Austronesian: *bataŋ
Austronesian meaning: trunk
Austronesian code: not in B
Proto-Thai: ZhT *ʔda:ŋ body
References: Peiros 1989; 1998, 159, 83, Ben 238.
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-myao,austr-an,austr-anme,austr-ancode,austr-tai,austr-bibl,
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Austro-Asiatic etymology :
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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *tɔŋ / *dɔ:ŋ
Meaning: trunk
Proto-Bahnaric: BAH ʔǝtɔŋ
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-bah,aaet-kmr,aaet-pawa,
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Khmer etymology :
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Khmer: daŋ
Meaning: stem, stalk, petiole; lobe of ear
References: JP130
kmret-meaning,kmret-prnum,kmret-ref,
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Palaung-Wa etymology :
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Proto-Palaung-Wa:
Meaning: *tɔŋ
Riang: tǝŋ.1
Riang meaning: shoot, trunk, wood
pawaet-meaning,pawaet-prnum,pawaet-riang,pawaet-rimeam,
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