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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 1315
Proto: *keŋä
English meaning: name of a mild season; spring, summer
German meaning: Name einer milden Jahreszeit; Frühling, Sommer
Finnish: kevät (Gen. kevääri), keväin (Gen. keväimen, kevämen) 'Frühling'
Estonian: kevad, kevade (Gen. kevade)
Mari (Cheremis): käŋɣǝž (KB), keŋež (U B) 'Sommer'.
K. Redei's notes: Möglicherweise ist finn. t durch Analogie entstanden; finn. in (ime, me) und tscher. ž sind Ableitungssuffixe. Zum Bedeutungsverhältnis der finn. und tscher. Wörter vgl. skr. vasantá-h, lat. ver 'Frühling' ~ litau. vasarà 'Sommer'. Zu dem irrtümlich hierzu gestellten lapp. N gid́dâ 'spring' (VglWb. 306; Qvigstad, Beitr. 70) s. *keδe 'Frühling' FW.
References: Ojansuu: JSFOu. 30/17: 5, 8; Toivonen: Vir. 1917:81—2, FUF 19:98; Vir. 1933 :246, FUF 22:157—8; Steinitz, FgrVok. 42; E. Itkonen: FUF 29:262, 31:176, 209; Posti: FUF 31: 12; SKES.
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-mar,uralet-redei,uralet-lit,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ḳVńV
Meaning: to burn
References: ND 1092 *Ḳan(K)E 'to singe, glow', 1097 *ḲüńV 'burn' (hardly distinguishable) ( + Chad. and one Omot.; cf. also PNC *=iḳwV(n) 'burn'?). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-esk,nostret-chuk,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *kank-
Meaning: to dry, to be thursty, hungry
Old Indian: kāṅkṣati `to wish, desire', kakate (D.) `to wish'
Old Greek: ptc. pl. acc. kaŋkoménās `ksērā̂s tō̂i phóbōi' Hsch.; hom. polü-kaŋkḗ-s (dípsa) `sehr brennend', káŋkano- `dürr', 3 sg. kaŋkái̯nei̯ `thálpei, ksēráinei' (Hsch.), kaŋkaléo- <kaŋkaléa> `katakekauménos' (Hsch.)
Russ. meaning: сохнуть, жаждать, голодать
References: WP I 401
piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-greek,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *xúnxra-z/*xungrá-z; *xungrián-
Meaning: hunger
Gothic: huhru-s m. (u) `hunger'; *huŋgrjan wk. `to be hungry'
Old Norse: hungr m. (sp. n.) `Hunger'
Norwegian: hunger
Swedish: hunger
Danish: hunger
Old English: hungor, hungur
English: hunger
Old Frisian: hunger
Old Saxon: hungar
Middle Dutch: hongher
Dutch: honger m.
Old Franconian: hunger
Middle Low German: hunger
Old High German: hungar (8.Jh.)
Middle High German: hunger st. m. 'hunger'
German: Hunger m.
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-swed,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-olfrank,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *k`ùńe
Meaning: to burn, get burnt
Russian meaning: гореть, подгорать
Comments: The Jpn. form reflects a suffixed *k`ùńe-KV-.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *köń-
Meaning: 1 to burn (itr.) 2 to burn (tr.) 3 to kindle 4 to get burnt 5 soot 6 strong smell of burnt 7 unpleasant smell
Russian meaning: 1 гореть 2 жечь 3 зажигать 4 обгорать 5 сажа 6 сильный запах горелого 7 неприятный запах
Old Turkic: köj- 1 (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: kön- (Argu MK), köj- 1 (MK, KB) Turkish: (dial.) köj-, küj- 1; küje 5
Tatar: köj- 1
Uzbek: kuj- 1, kuja 5
Uighur: köj-, küj- 1, köjdür- 2
Turkmen: köj- 1, küjö (dial.) 5
Khakassian: köj- 1, köje 5
Shor: köj- 1
Oyrat: küj- 1, kȫ 5
Halaj: kie̯n- 1
Chuvash: kü, kǝʷv 6 (Ашм.), kǝʷśek 7; kъʷvajt 5 Tuva: xȫ 5
Tofalar: xȫ̃ 5
Kirghiz: küj- 1, kȫ 5
Kazakh: küj- 1, küje 5
Noghai: küj- 1, küje 5
Bashkir: küj- 1
Balkar: küj- 1
Karakalpak: küj- 1, küje 5
Kumyk: güj- 1
Comments: VEWT 309, EDT 726, 730, ЭСТЯ 5, 88-89, 133, Лексика 362, Мудрак Дисс. 75. The Az. form is somewhat dubious, both semantically ("itch") and phonetically (irregular voiced g-). See also *köń- 'to grieve, suffer'. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *köɣe
Meaning: soot
Russian meaning: сажа
Written Mongolian: köɣe
Middle Mongolian: küje (MA) Khalkha: xȫ
Buriat: xȫ
Kalmuck: kȫ
Ordos: kȫ
Dongxian: guǝ-mǝi
Shary-Yoghur: kǖ
Comments: KW 243, MGCD 369. Cf. also WMong. köjüre-, Kalm. köjr- 'to sweat'. Hardly < Turkic, despite Щербак 1997, 196. Mong. > Man. ku id. (see Rozycki 144). monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dun,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *kɨ̀ńɨ̀r-
Meaning: 1 soot 2 to be covered with soot
Russian meaning: 1 сажа 2 покрываться сажей
Modern Korean: kɨɨrɨm 1, kɨɨl- 2
Middle Korean: kɨ̀ńɨ̀rɨ̀m 1
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *kuànkàra-
Meaning: to be burnt
Russian meaning: быть опаленным, подгорать, загорать
Old Japanese: kwogara-
Middle Japanese: kògàra-
Tokyo: kogaré-
Kyoto: kógáré-
Kagoshima: kogaré-
Comments: JLTT 711. Kagoshima points to high tone, but other dialects rather to a low one. japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *kan-
Meaning : angry; to burn
Proto-South Dravidian: *kan- dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *kan-
Meaning : angry; to burn
Tamil : kan_al (kan_alv-, kan_an_r_-)
Tamil meaning : to be hot, boil, be angry; burn (tr.); n. fire
Tamil derivates : kan_ar_r_u (kan_ar_r_i-) to cause to burn, render warm, shine brightly; kan_ali sun, fire; kan_alōn_ sun; kan_ar_ci heat, glow, anger; kan_ar_al, kan_alvu anger; kan_i (-v-, -nt-) to be redhot, glow, get angry; kān_al heat, sun's ray, light, mirage
Malayalam : kanal
Malayalam meaning : live coals, fire
Malayalam derivates : kanaluka to burn, be hot; kanekka to burn as charcoal; kaniyuka to glow; kānal heat, glare, mirage
Kannada : kanal (kanald-)
Kannada meaning : to be angry; (PBh.) to glow like live coals; n. wrath, anger
Kannada derivates : kanalke wrath, anger; kani glow; (Hav.) kansu to blacken (pot)
Tulu : kani-mūri
Tulu meaning : the smell of smoke
Tulu derivates : kanepuni, kanipuni to be afflicted, hardened; kaṇipuni to be hardened by burning as an earthen vessel; kanevuni the skin to be discoloured by a blow
Number in DED : 1406
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *kan
Meaning : redhot (kan ib redhot iron; ka(n) nep red coals)
Kota : kan
Additional forms : Also Kota kanc- (kanc-) to expose (dead person's jewelry) to fire to remove pollution
Number in DED : 1406
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-addition,ktet-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *kan-
Meaning : to be angry, burn, give pain; n. anger
Telugu : kanalu
Telugu (Krishnamurti) : kanaru "to grow angry; n. anger"
Additional forms : Also kanakana the glow of fire or live coals; ganagana glowing, glow, blazing; kanakanam-anu, kanakanal-āḍu to glow, shine
Number in DED : 1406
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-tel_kr,telet-addition,telet-dednum,
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Eskimo etymology :
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Proto-Eskimo: *kinǝʁ-
Meaning: to dry
Russian meaning: сохнуть
Comments: In CED this root is confused with 'wet, damp, dirty' and other words beginning with *kin...
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 175
esqet-prnum,esqet-meaning,esqet-rmean,esqet-yup,esqet-inup,esqet-newcom,esqet-refer,
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Yupik etymology :
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Proto-Yupik: *kinǝʁ-
Meaning: to dry 1, dried 2, dried meat or fish 3
Russian Meaning: сохнуть 1, высохший 2, сушеное мясо, рыба 3
Chaplino: kīnʁaqā (kinǝ́ɫǝq dvn.) 1, kīnʁaɣŋálʁi, kinʁaɣŋalʁi* 2, //kinǝχtaq 3
Alutiiq Alaskan Yupik: kinǝʁ- 1, kinǝχtaq 3
Chugach (Birket-Smith): kiniχciʁā tr. 1, kīnūmuq 2
Central Alaskan Yupik: kinǝʁ- 1, kinǝχtaq 3
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 169, 175
yupet-prnum,yupet-mean,yupet-rmean,yupet-chap,yupet-aay,yupet-chgm,yupet-cay,yupet-ced,
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Inupik etymology :
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Proto-Inupik: *kinǝʁ-
Meaning: dry, without water
Russian meaning: сухой, обезвоженный
SPI Dialects: Imaq kɨnɨ́qtoq 'viscous, dense (liquid)', KI kiniq- 'fade, wither leaves' [Jen.]
North Alaskan Inupik: kińɨq- 'to filter out'
NAI Dialects: Qaw kiniqtāχaq 'string of dried tom cods'
WCI Dialects: Sig, Cop kiniq- 'to melt away' [Jen.]
Eastern Canadian Inupik: kiniʁitsiaq 'dry'
Greenlandic Inupik: kiniʁ- 'to have have run off (water)'
Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 175
inupet-prnum,inupet-meaning,inupet-rmean,inupet-spis,inupet-nai,inupet-nais,inupet-wcis,inupet-eci,inupet-gri,inupet-ced,
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Chukchee-Kamchatkan etymology :
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Proto-Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *kĕŋ're-
Meaning (Rus.): обгорать, пылать
kamet-prnum,kamet-meaning,kamet-chuk,kamet-itel,
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Chukchee-Koryak etymology :
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Proto-Chukchee-Koryak: *kenɣǝ- "
Meaning (Rus.): горючий 1, сгорать, гореть 2, горелое место 3, пожар 4
Chukchee: kɛnjɛ́t- 2
Koryak: kenɣet- (I) 2, kenɣǝ-lqǝ-n 3
Palan: kenɣet-, kanɣǝ- 2, kenɣǝ-lq-ǝn 3, kenɣu-ken " 4
Alutor: kanɣǝ- 1, kanɣǝ-kan " 4, kanɣǝ-ĺ/cqǝ-n 3, kanɣ-at- 2
chuket-prnum,chuket-meaning,chuket-chu,chuket-kor,chuket-pal,chuket-alu,
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Itelmen etymology :
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Proto-Itelmen: *kriɣ-
Meaning (Rus.): пылать, обжигать (о пище)
Itelmen: kreɣ-at-kes intens.
Itelmen meaning: пылать
West Itelmen: kriɣi-ĺan
West Itelmen meaning: acies
West Itelmen meaning (Polish): ostrze
Number in Volodin 1976: 33
Comments: Ср. чук. *keŋret- 'подгорать'.
itelet-prnum,itelet-meaning,itelet-ite,itelet-itemea,itelet-wit,itelet-witmea,itelet-witmep,itelet-vol,itelet-comments,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVNV
Meaning : burn, roast, dry
Afroasiatic : *ḳʷVn- 'burn' (Chad., Om.)
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,
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