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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 1602
Proto: *śäke
English meaning: tinder
German meaning: Zunder
Finnish: säen (gen. säkenen), säkene (gen. säkeneen), dial. säe, säkenä 'Funke'
Mordovian: śejme, śeme, śem, śejim, śeje (E), śäjam, śijam (M) 'Zunder'
Addenda: Karj. säen, säe
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-mrd,uralet-add,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *cVḳV ( ~ *č-)
Meaning: to strike fire
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *č`ĕ́k`à ( ~ -i̯a-)
Meaning: to strike fire
Russian meaning: высекать огонь
Comments: KW 420, 424, Poppe 26, JOAL 99. Korean has a frequent vowel reduction between a stop and a fricative. Mong. is hardly borrowed from Turk., despite Щербак 1997, 112 (TMN 3, 82: "Onomatopoetica"). altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *č(i)ak-
Meaning: 1 to strike fire 2 flint, fire steel
Russian meaning: 1 высекать огонь 2 кремень, огниво
Old Turkic: čaq- (OUygh.) 1
Turkish: čak- 1
Tatar: čaq- 1
Middle Turkic: čaq- (Sangl.) 1 Uzbek: čaq- 1
Uighur: čaqmaq-taš 2
Sary-Yughur: ča'q- 1
Azerbaidzhan: čax- 1
Turkmen: čaq- 1
Khakassian: sax- 1
Shor: šaɣɨn 'spark'
Oyrat: čaq- 1
Halaj: čaqmaq 2
Yakut: sax- 1
Tuva: šaq- 1
Tofalar: ča'q- 1
Kirghiz: čaq- 1
Noghai: šaqpa 2
Bashkir: saɣ-/saq- 1
Balkar: čaɣ-/čaq- 'to produce sparks, shoot from a flint gun'
Gagauz: čaq- 1
Karaim: čaq- 1
Karakalpak: šaq- 1
Kumyk: čaq- 'to pull the trigger', čaqma 2
Comments: VEWT 95, TMN 3, 80-81, Лексика 373. Kypch. > Chuv. čakma 'fire steel', whence > Mari, Udm. (Федотов 2, 387). The verb is usually regarded as one of the meanings of *čak- 'hit, strike', but the semantics 'strike fire' is attested quite early and allows to use the Turkic material in the Altaic comparison. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *čaki-
Meaning: to strike fire
Russian meaning: высекать огонь
Written Mongolian: čaki-, čakil- (L 161) Middle Mongolian: čaqi- (MA) Khalkha: caxi-, caxila-
Buriat: saxil-
Kalmuck: cak-, cakḷ-, cäkḷ-
Ordos: ǯakil- 'to scintillate, glare, lighten'
Dagur: čakil- (Тод. Даг. 180 čakilgān 'lightning') Mogol: ZM čaqeldour (19-5b) 'moonshine' Comments: KW 420, 424. Mong. > Evk. čakêlga, see Doerfer MT 126. monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dag,monget-mogh,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *či(K)u- ( ~ -e-)
Meaning: fire steel
Russian meaning: кресало, огниво
Ulcha: čiu(n)
Orok: ču
Nanai: čiũ
Udighe: cui (arch.) (Корм. 311) tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *čhắ-
Meaning: flint, silicon
Russian meaning: кремень, кремний
Modern Korean: čhadol
Middle Korean: čhắ-tòr
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *ták-
Meaning: to burn, put on fire
Russian meaning: жечь, зажигать
Old Japanese: tak-
Middle Japanese: ták-
Tokyo: tàk-
Kyoto: ták-
Kagoshima: ták-
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : CVKV
Meaning : fire, to strike fire
Amerind (misc.) : *cik 'fire' (R 263) [+ A K] (cf. also *cuqal 'warm' R 818) [+ A] globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-amer,
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