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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 1619
Proto: *śuka
English meaning: chaff; bristle
German meaning: Spreu, Granne
Finnish: suka 'Borste, Bürste; Striegel, Pferdestriegel', suas (gen. sukaan) 'Borste, Roggenblüte', suki- 'bürsten, striegeln, kämmen'
Estonian: suga (dial. sugi, gen. soe) 'Bürste, Striegel, Hechel; Weberkamm; Bast', suge-, sugi- 'striegeln, kämmen, bürsten'
Saam (Lapp): čǫkko- -g_- (N) 'comb; scrape, currycomb', tjåhkō- (L) 'kämmen, sich kämmen', čokka- (T) 'kämmen'
Mordovian: śuva, śiva (E M) 'Kaff, Spreu; Bart an der Ähre'
Mari (Cheremis): šu (KB U B) 'Kleie, Spreu; Hafergrannen, die sich in der Mühle abspalten', (CÜ CK P) 'Borste; der Stachel des Igels, des Fisches; Widerhaken der Angel', sösna šu (B) 'Schweineborsten'
Udmurt (Votyak): śu-kaś (S) 'Kwaß' ?
Komi (Zyrian): śu (S P PO) 'Roggen (S), Getreide (P PO); Körner (P); Saat (P)', ? śu-ke̮ś (Lu. Le. Ud.) 'Kwaß, Getränk'
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-saa,uralet-mrd,uralet-mar,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *CIḳO
Meaning: chaff
Dravidian: *Sak-ai SDr
Comments: Probably 2 roots.
nostret-meaning,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-notes,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *č`ik`ò
Meaning: straw, chaff
Russian meaning: солома, мякина
Comments: Дыбо 10, Лексика 116. In Jpn. it is difficult (but probably necessary) to distinguish the reflex of this root from *č`i̯ṑk`e 'forage grass' ( > Jpn. *tukusi 'horse-tail') q. v. The Mongolian form also raises problems: it probably reflects a suffixed *č`ik`rV with a development -kr- > -ɣVr- (cf. similarly buɣurčag < *bŭkrV, uɣurga < *uk`rukV / *uk`urkV); otherwise -ɣ- is very hard to explain. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *čigit / *čɨgɨt ( ~ -k-)
Meaning: cotton seed(s)
Russian meaning: хлопковое семя, семена
Karakhanid: čigit (MK - Argu) Turkish: čɨɣɨt, čiɣit 'seed; freckle'
Uzbek: čigit
Uighur: čigit
Azerbaidzhan: čijid
Turkmen: čigit 'seed'
Kirghiz: čigit
Kazakh: šijit
Karakalpak: šigit
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-klpx,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *čiɣire
Meaning: chaff, straw
Russian meaning: солома
Written Mongolian: čigire, (L 179) čigirsü(n) Middle Mongolian: čiji'ulsun 'matting' (HY 21) Khalkha: čijrs
Comments: KW 443. Mong. > Yak. sigiri 'мочалка из лыка, стружки'. monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *čixe-
Meaning: 1 straw; bast 2 stub, broom remains
Russian meaning: 1 соломинка; лыко 2 пенек, остаток от веника
Literary Manchu: čike-ku 1
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-man,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *čùkɨ́r
Meaning: chaff
Russian meaning: мякина
Modern Korean: čuk-čǝŋi, č:uk-čǝŋi
Middle Korean: čùkɨ́r
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *tǝkusa
Meaning: a k. of horse-tail
Russian meaning: вид хвоща
Middle Japanese: tòkùsà
Tokyo: tokusá
Kyoto: tókùsà
Kagoshima: tokúsa
Comments: JLTT 549. Kagoshima reflects *tǝ́kúsá, but all other forms reflect low tone, probably under double influence of *kùsà 'grass' and *tùkúsi 'horse-tail' (q.v.). japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *c̣ḳa
Georgian: c̣ḳa
Georgian meaning (Rus.): необработанные рисовые зерна
Georgian meaning (Engl.): rice grains in husk
Megrel: c̣ḳa
Megrel meaning (Rus.): зерно
Megrel meaning (Eng.): grain
Svan: c̣ḳa
Svan meaning (Rus.): семена тыквы, арбуза ( < мегр.)
Svan meaning (Eng.): pumpkin/watermelon seeds (< Megr.)
Notes and references: EWK 504. Возможно ЗК происхождение корня: ср. убых. ć̣ǝḳ́ 'косточка (плода)', каб. ṣāč̣a 'мякина' < ПЗК *ć̣Vḳ́(w)V 'отходы (от фруктов, зерновых)' < ПСК *c̣HweḳĔ 'солома, мякина' (см. NCED 364).
kartet-prnum,kartet-gru,kartet-grmean,kartet-egrmean,kartet-meg,kartet-mgmean,kartet-emgmean,kartet-sva,kartet-svmean,kartet-esvmean,kartet-notes,
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