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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 371
Proto: *koska
English meaning: an elder relative: grandmother, aunt, elder sister
German meaning: eine ältere Verwandte: Grossmutter, Tante, ältere Schwester (?mütterlicherseites)
Saam (Lapp): goas'ke -sk- (N) 'mother's sister, older than the mother of person concerned', kåskē (L) 'Mutterschwester, Tante mütterlicherseits, die älter ist als die Mutter', ki̮ǝ̑s̨̄k͕ɛ (K T), kues̨̄k͕E (Kld.), kŭᾰs̨̄k̀'E (Ko. Not.) 'Tante, ältere Schwester der Mutter'
Nenets (Yurak): χāda (O) 'Großmutter (z. B. Mutter der Mutter, Mutter des Vaters, ältere Schwester der Mutter u.a.)' ( > Khanty O χatȧ 'Tante, älter als der Vater')
Enets (Yen): káraʔa (Ch.), kádaʔa (B) 'Großmutter, Mütterchen'
Nganasan (Tawgi): kodúʔa 'Großmutter, altes Weib aus der Verwandtschaft'
Selkup: qotia (KeM) 'ältere Schwester der Mutter, des Vaters'
Janhunen's version: (13) *koska
Sammalahti's version: *koska
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-saa,uralet-nen,uralet-enc,uralet-nga,uralet-slk,uralet-janh,uralet-samm2,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *Ku[s]V
Meaning: elder relative
Comments: Expected *-e in Alt. ? PIE *ghosti-; PAA *g(ʷ)ayĉ- ?
nostret-meaning,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-notes,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *gusa ( ~ -o-, -č-)
Meaning: elder male relative
Russian meaning: старший родственник мужского пола
Comments: A Tung.-Jpn. isogloss.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *gusin
Meaning: maternal uncle
Russian meaning: дядя по матери
Evenki: gusin
Even: göser
Ulcha: gusi(n)
Orok: gusi(n)
Nanai: gusĩ
Oroch: gusin
Udighe: goso`, guse` (Корм. 222) tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *kasǝ
Meaning: father
Russian meaning: отец
Old Japanese: kaso
Middle Japanese: kàzó, kázó
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-comments,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *kwiś-
Russian meaning: свояк
English meaning: brother-in-law
Georgian: kvis-(e)l-
Megrel: kviš-il-
Svan: me-kwš-ēl, me-kwš-ol
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 198, EWK 377-378. Иллич-Свитыч (ОСНЯ 1, 303) с вопросом возводит ПК *kwiś-l- к *kwit-(i)ś-l- и сравнивает с урал. *küδü, алт. *kude 'свояк', восстанавливая ностр. *küda.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-sva,kartet-notes,
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