Uralic etymology : List with all references

Number: 544

Proto: *merV

English meaning: to measure

German meaning: messen

Udmurt (Votyak): mertal- (S) 'messen, wägen'

Komi (Zyrian): murtal- (S) 'messen, ausmessen', mo̯rtal- (SO) 'мерить' ( > Khanty Kaz. mŏrtaл- 'messen', Mansi T mårt- id.)

Hungarian: mér-, dial. mír- 'messen; wägen', mérték 'Maß, Maßstab, Richtmaß'

Eurasiatic: *meHV (with suffixes?)

Meaning: to measure

Indo-European: *mē̆H-

Altaic: *mi̯àĺà

Uralic: *merV

Comments: For Ur. cf. IE *meH-r-, for Alt. - IE *meH-l- ?

Proto-IE: *mē- (*me-) <PIH *meH->

Meaning: to measure

Hittite: mehhur `Zeit'

Tokharian: A inf. messi 'measure' (Adams 471)

Old Indian: māti, mímīte, ptc. mitá- `to measure'; mā́trā f., mātra- n. `measure', mā́na- n. `measuring, measure'; māti- f. `measure' (L.), miti- f. `measuring, measure, weight'

Avestan: mā-, ptc. -mī̆ta-, -māta-; miti- `Mass, Gewicht, Wert'

Other Iranian: OPers mā-; fra-mātar- `Gebieter'

Old Greek: métro-n n. `Mass, das rechte, volle Mass, Ziel, Länge, Grösse, Silben- od. Versmass', mḗtrǟ f. `Ackermass, "klē̂ron"'; mē̂ti-s, -ios/-idos f. `Massnahme, Anschlag, kluge Massnahme, Klugheit'; mḗdomai̯, aor. mḗsasthai̯ `erwägen, ermessen, ersinnen, beschliessen', mē̂sto= <e>bouleúato Hsch.; mḗstōr `kluger Berater'; pl. mḗdea n. `Ratschläge, (kluge) Pläne', mḗstōr `Ersinner, Berater'

Slavic: *mēra, *mērītī, *mēnъ (OCzech); *mētā, *mḗtītī

Baltic: *me-t-sa- (2) c., *ma-t-a- (2) c., *me-t-(s)t-a- (2) c.

Germanic: *mē-ɵ=, *mē-l-an- m., *mḗ-l-a- n., *mḗ-l-ō f., *mē-l-ia- m., *mē-l-ia- vb.

Latin: mētior, -īrī, mēnsus sum `messen, abmessen; durchmessen; ermessen'

Albanian: mat, mas `messe', matɛ `Mass', mōt `Jahr, Wetter'

Russ. meaning: мерить

References: WP II 237 f

Word: ме́ра,

Near etymology: ме́рить, укр. мíра, мíрити, др.-русск., ст.-слав. мѣра μέτρον, болг. мя́ра, сербохорв. мjе̏ра, словен. mẹ́ra, чеш. míra, слвц. miera, польск. miara, в.-луж., н.-луж. měra.

Further etymology: Связано с и.-е. *mē- "мерить", ср. др.-инд. mā́ti, mímāti "мерит", mā́tram, mā́trā ж., mā́nam "мера" (др.-чеш. měn "мера"), лат. mētior "мерю", греч. μῆτις "совет, разум", μητιάω "заключаю", гот. mēlа "мешок, мера (зерна)", алб. mat, mаs "мерю", mаtё, mаsё "мера", mоt "год, погода", лит. mẽtai "год", гот. mitan "мерить", д.-в.-н. mеʒʒаn -- то же, mâʒа "мера"; см. Бернекер 2, 50; Траутман, ВSW 179; Уленбек, Aind. Wb. 222, 224; Мейе, Ét. 404; Торп 301; Вальде--Гофм. 2, 81 и сл. Лит. mierà "мера", лтш. mę̃rs (то же) заимств. из слав.; см. М.--Э. 2, 620.

Pages: 2,600

Proto-Baltic: *me-t-sa- (2) c., *ma-t-a- (2) c., *me-t-(s)t-a- (2) c.

Meaning: measure, time, mass

Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology

Lithuanian: mẽta-s, pl. mẽtai `Jahr, Zeit', mãta-s, mẽta-s 'Mass', mẽsta-s 'Mass'

Lettish: męts 'Zeitraum, Zeit'; mats (Schrunden), mata (Stenden) 'Metze in der Mühle'

Old Prussian: mettan `Jahr'; dat. mattei `Mass'

Proto-Germanic: *mēɵ=, *mēlēn, *mḗla-n, *mḗlō, *mēlia-z, *mēlian- vb.

Meaning: meal, time of meal

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: *mēla m. (n) `bushel'; mēl n. (a) `hour, time'

Old Norse: mǟlir m. `Mass, Köcher'; mǟla wk. `messen'; māl n. `Zeit, Termin; Mahlzeit; Mass'

Norwegian: mɔl; mäle; mäla vb.

Swedish: mɔl; dial. mäla vb.

Old Danish: mäle vb.

Danish: mɔl

Old English: mǟδ `Mass'; mǟle `Napf', mēle `Mass für flüssige Waren'; mǟl n. `Mass, Zeitpunkt, ssenszeit, Mahlzeit'

Middle English: meal

Middle Dutch: mael n., f. `tijd, keer, etmaal, maaltijd'

Dutch: maal f., n. `tijd, tijdstip, maaltijd'

Middle Low German: māl n. `tijdstip'

Old High German: māl n. `Zeitpunkt' (um 1000)

Middle High German: māl st. n. 'ausgezeichneter Punkt, Zielpunkt, Grenzzeichen, Zeitpunkt, festgesetzte Punkt; Gastmahl, Mahlzeit'

German: Mahl n., Mal n.

Number: 1232

Root: mē-3, m-e-t-

English meaning: to measure

German meaning: `etwas abstecken, messen, abmessen'

Derivatives: mē-no- `Maß', mē-ti- `Maß, Klugheit'; mē-to- `Jahr'; s. auch mēnōt

Material: Ai. mā́ti, mímāti `mißt', mitá- `gemessen', mātrā f., mātrā- n. `Maß', māna- n. `das Messen, Maß' (: čech. měn), māti- f. `Maß, richtige Erkenntnis' (= gr. μη̃τις, ags. mǣð), úpa-māti- `Zuteilung', miti- `Maß, Gewicht, Erkenntnis', prākr. mettam ds. (= ai. *mitram); über māyā s. 1. mā-;

av. ap. mā- `messen', Partiz. -mī̆ta-, -māta-, ap. fra-mātar- `Gebieter', av. miti- `Maß, Gewicht, Wert';

gr. μέτρον `Maß' (nach Brugmann Grundr. II² 1, 342 wie ai. d-á-tra-m `Gabe' zu *dō-); μη̃τις `Plan, List', μητιάω `beschließe', μητιάομαι `ersinne';

alb. mat, mas (*mati̯ō) `messe', matë `Maß', mōt (*mēto-) `Jahr, Wetter', matem `erhebe die Hand zum Schlage, werfe' (`abmessen = zielen');

ir. to-math- (z. B. 3. Sg. do-mathi) `drohen';

lat. mētior, -īrī, mēnsus sum (Reimbildung zu pēnsus) `messen, abmessen', wovon wohl mēnsa `Tisch, Eßtisch; die Speisen selbst' = umbr. mefe `mēnsae', mefa `lībum' als subst. Fem. des Partiz. Perf. Pass.;

mcymr. medru `ein Ziel treffen, können', zu medr `Geschicklichkeit' (: gr. μέτρον?); gall. mataris `Wurfspieß'; vielleicht hierher acymr. maut, mbret. meut (*mō-tā), ncymr. bawd `Daumen' (als Maß?);

ags. mǣð f. `Maß'; got. mēla m. `Scheffel'; aisl. mǣlir m. ds., ags. mǣle, mēle `Napf'; aisl. mǣla `messen'; got. mēl n. `Zeit', aisl. māl `Maß, Zeitpunkt, Mahlzeit', ags. mǣl ds., ahd. māl `Zeitpunkt, Mahlzeit', nhd. mal `Mahl';

lit. mẽtas `Jahr, Zeit, Maß', apr. mettan `Jahr', lett. męts `Zeitraum' (vokalisch wie gr. μέτρον zu beurteilen); dazu (*abmessen > *zielen > werfen) lit. metù, mèsti, lett. metu, mest `werfen', Iterat. lit. mė́tyt, lett. mẽtãt `hin und her werfen'; apr. metis = lit. mė̃tis m. `Wurf'; mãstas m. `Maß', mãtas m. ds., matúoti `messen', pãmatas `Grundlage' usw.;

aksl. metǫ, mesti `werfen', slov. motáti `aufwinden', russ.-ksl. Iterat. vъmětati `werfen', slov. mèt `Wurf', usw.; aksl. měra `Maß', měriti `messen'; čech. alt měn `Maß' (: ai. māna-), russ. mě́titь `zielen; trachten', usw.;

toch. A me-, В mai- `messen'.

References: WP. II 237 f., WH. II 70 f., 81 f., Trautmann 179, 183; verwandt mit 1. med-.

Pages: 703-704

PIE database: PIE database

Proto-Altaic: *mi̯àĺà

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to measure, measure

Russian meaning: мерить, мера

Mongolian: *malu

Tungus-Manchu: *miali-

Korean: *már

Japanese: *màsù

Comments: SKE 138, Martin 236, Miller 1976, 350-351, АПиПЯЯ 69. A completely regular match. It is interesting to note Karakh. (EDT 379) bašɣan 'a large fish weighing between 100 and 50 raṭls' (MK), used as a simile for the head-man of a tribe - although the word may, of course, be derived from baš 'head' (as suggested in EDT) - and thus unrelated to the present root.

Proto-Mongolian: *malu

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: vessel, basket (for grain)

Russian meaning: сосуд, корзина (для зерна)

Written Mongolian: malu (L 524)

Kalmuck: mal

Comments: KW 254.

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *miali-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to measure 2 a measure of weight 3 a measure for powder

Russian meaning: 1 мерить 2 мера веса 3 мерка для пороха

Literary Manchu: ḿali- 1, ḿalin 2

Jurchen: mia-liaŋ-ha 2 (524)

Nanai: mialaqo 3 (Он.)

Comments: ТМС 1, 524.

Proto-Korean: *már

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a measure (18 kg)

Russian meaning: мера веса

Modern Korean: mal

Middle Korean: már

Comments: Nam 200, KED 578.

Proto-Japanese: *màsù

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a measure (for grain)

Russian meaning: мера (зерна)

Old Japanese: masu

Middle Japanese: màsù

Tokyo: masú

Kyoto: másù

Kagoshima: masú

Comments: JLTT 473.

Uralic etymology :

Nostratic etymology :

Indo-European etymology :

Vasmer's dictionary :

Baltic etymology :

Germanic etymology :

Pokorny's dictionary :

Altaic etymology :

Mongolian etymology :

Tungus etymology :

Korean etymology :

Japanese etymology :