Uralic etymology : List with all references

Number: 91

Proto: *ćEppV

English meaning: fingertip; to pinch

German meaning: Prise, Fingerspitze; kneifen

Mari (Cheremis): cǝwešte- (KB), ćǝ̑wǝ̑šte- (U) 'kneipen, kneifen', čǝ̑wǝ̑štala- 'kneifen, befingern' ??

Udmurt (Votyak): ćepi̮ĺi (URS) 'щипок, щепоть', čepi̮ĺt- (S) 'kneifen', ćepị̑ĺtị̑- (G) 'kneifen, zwicken' ?

Komi (Zyrian): ćepe̮ĺ (S), ćepe̮^.ĺ (P) 'eine Fingerspitze voll, Prise', ćepe̮ĺt- (S), ćepe̮^.ĺt- (P) 'kneifen', ćepe̮r (Ud.) 'Zwick; Kniff', ćepe̮rt- (Ud.) 'zwicken, kneifen', će^.pĺal- (PO) 'kneifen, rupfen' ?

Hungarian: csip (csípëk, dial. csípok) 'kneifen; kneipen, zwicken', (dial.) csíp 'ein Bündel Hanf' ?

K. Reshetnikov's notes: For Mari, cf. Chuv. čǝbǝt- 'to pinch', čǝpt-ǝm, čǝpk-ǝm 'a pinch, thimbleful', which is "phonetically strange" (ALTET 298, TURCET 444). An irregular change in its shape (-b- instead of expected -m-) may be due just to Mari influence. Note that the Mari word hardly can be borrowed from Chuv.; Mari *-w- as a counterpart of reflexes of Uralc *-pp- is not a reason for doubting Uralic origin of the word (cf., for instance, URAET 21, 92).

References: Budenz MUSz.369; VglWb. 751; Bár.SzófSz; MSzFgrE; EtSz; TESz

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *ciṗV

Meaning: to pinch

Indo-European: *skeip- (BSL)

Altaic: *č`íp`ú

Uralic: *ćEppV

Dravidian: ? SDr *Sip-am 'bundle, parcel'

References: МССНЯ 373; ND 2749 *ʒ́iṗV (with diff. TM data). Cf. PAA *cVp 'pinch'.

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *č`íp`ú

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to press (with fingers), pinch

Russian meaning: давить (пальцами), щипать

Tungus-Manchu: *čip-

Korean: *čìp-

Japanese: *túmpǝ́-m-

Comments: An Eastern isogloss (but cf. *č`abo, with possible contaminations). In Turk. cf. Chuv. čǝbǝt- 'to pinch' - possibly reflecting a contamination of the above root with Turk. *čɨm- q. v.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *čip-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to press (with fingers) 2 to squeeze, press 3 to stuff, stick 4 to clutch 5 to pick with a finger (food remnants) 6 to lick

Russian meaning: 1 сжимать (пальцами) 2 жать, давить 3 набивать, заталкивать 4 хватать, зажимать 5 подбирать пальцем (остатки еды) 6 лизать, облизывать

Evenki: čīpčī- 3, čipka- 2, čīw- 6

Even: čịpčụ- 3, čụ̄- 6

Negidal: čipixet- 1, čịpịxịla- 2, čịpčị- 3, čịw- 6

Literary Manchu: čibu- 3

Ulcha: čipeči- 5

Orok: čịpo- 5

Nanai: čịp 'tightly', sefele- (Bik.) 4

Oroch: čipči- 3, čipopu(n) 'index finger'

Udighe: čipči- 3

Comments: ТМС 2, 389, 398, 399. Evk. length in some forms is probably expressive or compensatory.

Korean etymology :

Proto-Korean: *čìp-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to pick up, pinch 2 tongs, tweezers

Russian meaning: 1 щипать, брать пальцами 2 клещи, щипцы

Modern Korean: čip- 1, čipke 2

Middle Korean: čìp- 1, čìpkǝ́i 2

Comments: Liu 687, KED 1554, 1555.