Uralic etymology :

Number: 910

Proto: *sije (*süje)

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: annual ring (on a tree); fibre

German meaning: Jahresring des Baumes; Faser, Fiber

Finnish: syy 'Faser, Fiber; Ursache, Schuld', (veralt.) syi, syve (gen. syveen) 'Fiber, Faden, Nerv', dial. syvi (gen. syvin, syven) 'Faser od. Jahresring des Baumes' ( > Saam. N siggjâ -j- 'Jahresring', sivvâ -v- 'ground, reason; fault', suggjâ -j- 'cause, reason, fault')

Estonian: süü 'Jahresring (in Bäumen), Ader (im Holze, von den Jahresringen)'

Mari (Cheremis): šǝ̑j, šǝ̑ja (KB), šija (U) 'Jahresring an Bäumen, Fleischschicht, Fleischfaser', ši (B) 'слой дерева; Jahresring'

Udmurt (Votyak): si (J) 'Jahresring an Bäumen', (URS) 'слой'

Komi (Zyrian): si (S P PO 'einzelnes weiches Haar, einzelne Fiber, Faden, Faser'

Nenets (Yurak): t́ī (OP), t́īʔ (Sjo.) 'Jahresring des Baumes'

Enets (Yen): t́î (Ch.) 'Jahresring, Holzader', t́i (B)

Nganasan (Tawgi): t́î

Selkup: ty (in comp.)

Janhunen's version: (93) *süxi

Sammalahti's version: *süxi

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *[s]VjwV

Meaning: sew, pierce

Indo-European: *seiu̯-, *si̯ū-

Altaic: *si̯ăbi

Uralic: *sije (*süje)

Kartvelian: *sw-

Comments: Expected *ś in Kartv.

References: ND 2768 *ʒü.yV 'fibre' (IE, Ur + Kartv. *ʒ́ua 'horsetail hair'?)

Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *sēiw-, *sjēw-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to sew

Hittite: suel-, suil- n. 'Faden'; su(m)manza(n)- c. 'Strick' (Friedrich 196, 197)

Old Indian: sī́vyati, ptc. syūtá- `to sew'; syū́man- n. `band, thong, bridle', sevana- n. `act of sewing, suture', sū́tra- n. `thread, yarn, string', sūci-, sūcī́ f. `needle'

Old Greek: kassǘō, att. kattǘō `flicken, schustern', kattǘs f. `Stück Leder'

Slavic: *šī́tī, *šьjǭ; *šьvъ; *šī́dlo

Baltic: *sǖ̂- (*süw-a-) vb. tr. (1), *sǖ̂-l-a- c., *sǖ̃-l-ā̂, -iā̃ f. (1), *sǖ-men-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *siw-ja- vb., *siu-d-á- m., *sau-m-a- m., *siw-il-ō f.

Latin: suō, -ere, suī, sūtum `nähen, zusammennähen', sūtor, -ōris m. `Schuster', sūbula f. `Pfrieme, Ahle'

Russ. meaning: шить

References: WP II 514 f

Vasmer's dictionary :

Baltic etymology :

Proto-Baltic: *sǖ̂- (*süw-a-) vb. tr. (1), *sǖ̂-l-a- c., *sǖ̃-l-ā̂, -iā̃ f. (1), *sǖ-men-ā̂ f.

Meaning: sew

Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology

Lithuanian: siū́ti (siùva, siùvō) `(be)nähen, (be)sticken, schneidern, (Schuhe) machen, anfertigen', caus. siū́dinti; siū́la-s, südžem. siúola-s `Garn, (Zwirn)faden'

Lettish: šũdinât 'nähen lassen, nähend anfertigen, šùdît² (-u, -ĩju) 'nähen lassen, nähen, oberflächlich nähen'; šũt (šuvu/šuju/šūnu, prt. šuvu) 'nähen, (eine Wand) bekleiden'; šûla², šūle 'Naht, Streifen beim Zeug, ein schmaler Wolkenstreifen'

Old Prussian: schumeno `drot (= Schusterdraht)' Voc. 507, schutuan Voc. 471 'Zwirn', schuwikis Voc. 471 'Schuhmacher'

Germanic etymology :

Proto-Germanic: *siwjan- vb., *siudá-z, *sauma-z, *siwilō

Meaning: sew, seam

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: siujan wk. `sew on'

Old Norse: sǖja (sēδa; sēδr, sȫδr) wk. `nähen; planken eines Schiffes zusammenbinden', sjoδr m. `Beutel'; sūδ f. `Plankenverband des Schiffes', saum-r m. `Saum'

Norwegian: süa, sü vb.; sül `Ahl'; dial. sūd `Reeling'; saum

Old Swedish: siūɵer

Swedish: sü vb.; dial. sud `Reeling'; söm

Danish: sü vb.; söm

Old English: si(o)wan { sēowian, sēwan } `nähen'; sēod `Beutel', sēam `Saum, Naht'

English: sew, seam

Old Frisian: siā vb.; sām

Old Saxon: siuwian; sōm

Middle Dutch: soom m.

Dutch: zoom m.

Middle Low German: sūwen; sōm; sǖle, sūl

Old High German: siuwen (9.Jh.) {prt. siwita `nähen'}; { siut m. `Naht' }, siuwila (10.Jh.) { siula } `Ahle', soum (um 800) `Saum, genähter Rand eines Kleides'; { sūt m. `Naht' }

Middle High German: siuwen, sūwen, sūen sw. 'nähen'; soum st. m. 'saum, genähter rand eines gewandes; land, grenze überhaupt'; siut st. m. 'die naht'; { sūte f. `Naht' -- нет нигде! }; siuwele, siule wk. f. 'pfrieme'

German: Saum m., Säule f.

Pokorny's dictionary :

Number: 1710

Root: si̯ū-

English meaning: to sew

German meaning: `nähen'

Grammatical comments: (vor Kons. und im Präs. si̯ūu̯ō), sīu̯- (im Präs. sīu̯i̯ō)

General comments: daneben sū- (dissimiliert aus si̯ū-i̯ō); wohl zu sĕi-3, S. 891

Derivatives: si̯ū-to- `genäht', si̯ū-men- `Band', si̯ū-dhlā `Ahle'

Material: Ai. sī́vyati `näht' (= got. siujan), syūtá- `genäht' (= lit. siútas, russ. šityj ds., aisl. sjōðr), syūman- n. `Band, Riemen, Zügel, Naht' (vgl. apr. schumeno, und mit ŭ gr. ὑμήν), sīvana-m `das Nähen, die Naht', sūtra-m `Faden'; gr. ὑμήν m. `dünne Haut, Sehne'; lat. suō, -ere, suī, sūtum `nähen, zusammennähen', sūtor `Schuster', sūbula `Ahle' (*sū-dhlā); got. siujan, aisl. sȳja, ags. si(o)wian, seowian, ahd. siuwan (Prät. siwita) `nähen'; ahd. siut m. `Naht', aisl. sjōðr m., ags. seod `Beutel' (iu̯ aus idg. i̯ū); mhd. sūte `Naht', aisl. sūð f. `Plankenverband, Bord'; ahd. siula, nhd. Säule `Ahle' (*si̯ū-dhlā, vgl. aksl. silo und lat. subula); ahd. soum, ags. sēam, aisl. saumr m. `Saum, Naht' (vgl. ai. syūman-); lit. siuvù, siúti `nähen', lett. šuvu (šuju, šũnu), šut ds.; lit. siútas `genäht', lett. suts ds.; apr. schumeno `Schusterdraht' (: ai. syuman-); aksl. šijǫ (*si̯ūi̯ō), šiti (= lit. siúti) `nähen', russ. šityj `genäht', aksl. sьvěnъ `genäht' (*si̯uu̯eno-), silo = čech. sidlo n. `Ahle'; weiteres bei Trautmann 261 f.; hitt. šum(m)anza(n) `Faden', auch (?) šuel, šuil ds.

References: WP. II 515 f., WH. II 631 f., Carruthers Lg. 6, 161 f.

Pages: 915-916

PIE database: PIE database

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *si̯ăbi

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to sew, perforate, awl

Russian meaning: шить, протыкать, шило

Mongolian: *siböge

Tungus-Manchu: *sibi-

Korean: *hō-

Comments: The root is actively (esp. in Mongolian) contaminating with *sī́p`í 'pipe' (as something which may be poked, perforated).

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *siböge

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: awl

Russian meaning: шило

Written Mongolian: sibüge(n) (L 696)

Middle Mongolian: šibuge (SH), sebgä (IM), šibugä̆ 'awl', sibigä̆ 'sting' (MA)

Khalkha: šövög

Buriat: šübge

Kalmuck: šöwgǝ

Ordos: šöwögö

Dongxian: sumeGe, sumǝɣǝ

Baoan: sebgu (MGCD sǝbkǝ)

Dagur: šeugu (Тод. Даг. 183)

Shary-Yoghur: šǝwaɣe

Monguor: šubuge, šūge (SM 383, 384), (MGCD śūge)

Comments: KW 367, MGCD 723. Mong. > Man. sibke etc., see Poppe 1966, 198, Doerfer MT 132.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *sibi-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to thread

Russian meaning: нанизывать

Evenki: šiwikēme, šuwikēme 'вышитый бисером' (Sym.)

Negidal: sịwla-

Literary Manchu: sujfun 'awl' ( <*sibi-pun)

Ulcha: sī-

Orok: sīwi-

Nanai: sī-

Oroch: siwi-

Udighe: sūla 'stick for stringing fish (while drying)'

Comments: ТМС 2, 117, 121, 428.

Korean etymology :

Proto-Korean: *hō-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to sew, broad-stitch

Russian meaning: шить (широкими стежками)

Modern Korean: hō-

Middle Korean: hō-

Comments: Nam 490, Liu 755, KED 1840.

Kartvelian etymology :

Proto-Kartvelian: *sw-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: втыкать

English meaning: to insert

Georgian: sv-, s-; sv-am-, sm- 'to plant'

Megrel: sv-, s-

Svan: sw-; swen- 'to plant'

Notes and references: EWK 298-299. Ср. ПА *si̯abu.

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