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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔǝ̄ke (~x-)
Meaning: louse
Ket: ʌ:ɣǝ4 (North.), South. ʌɣ4; pl. ʌɣeń5
Yug: ʌ:hk, pl. ʌgɨn5
Kottish: iki, pl. ikáŋ
Comments: ССЕ 192. Werner 2, 414 <*(d')ʌʔǝgǝ> - with an obviously erroneous *d'- (would be *j- in our reconstruction) - because Kott. d́oga 'nit' is attributed to two roots at once (see *jog-), notwithstanding the clear distinction between iki 'louse' and d́oga 'nit'.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-notes,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ʔǝmkV̄́
Meaning: louse, small insect
Comments and references : [Note that *-ǝ̆- in PNC is not quite certain]
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *ʔǝ̆mkV
Meaning: a k. of insect, worm
Notes: An Aand-Lezg. isogloss. The PL form is reduplicated (because of the root's expressive nature).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *ʔunka(~ʔinkʷa,-o,m)
Meaning: 1 name of a vermin, harmful insect 2 beetle
Avar: núka 1
Akhvakh: ʕunka 2
Comments: Av. has a usual metathesis in Anlaut (nuka < *ʔunka).
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-akv,aandet-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *kamk
Meaning: 1 worm 2 grub, larva 3 itch, mange
Lezghian: kʷak 1
Tabasaran: kamk 1
Agul: kabk 3 (Tp)
Tsakhur: kok 2
Kryz: kʷak 1
Comment: Obl. base unknown (-r-stem in Lezg. and Tab.); 3d class in Kryz. and Tsakh.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-comment,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *mōŋ / *mōk (~-ū-)
Meaning: midge, moth
Tibetan: mug moth, worm.
Comments: Cf. PAA *mVŋ 'gnat, fly'.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-comments,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 蠓
Modern (Beijing) reading: měng
Preclassic Old Chinese: mōŋʔ
Classic Old Chinese: mṓŋ
Western Han Chinese: mṓŋ
Eastern Han Chinese: mṓŋ
Early Postclassic Chinese: mṓŋ
Middle Postclassic Chinese: mṓŋ
Late Postclassic Chinese: mwṓŋ
Middle Chinese: múŋ
English meaning : mosquito, small flying biting insect [LZ]
Comments: For *m cf. Xiamen baŋ3, Fuzhou möŋ3. Also read *mōŋ, MC muŋ id.
Radical: 0
Four-angle index: 0
Karlgren code: 1181 e
Vietnamese reading: mòng
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : HVMKV
Meaning : a k. of insect
Afroasiatic : Sem. *mVḳ- 'k. of insect'
Amerind (misc.) : ? Alg. *ihkʷa, Hok. *aHkʷi 'louse' (under *kʷit 'flea' R 279); *iḳʷa 'louse' (R 448) [+ A K?] Reference : ND 2036, 2042. globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-amer,globet-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *mVḳV
Meaning: a k. of insect
Comments: FU is usually considered < IE, but in fact it may be a cognate.
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-notes,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *mAk'-
Meaning: gad-fly, gnat
Old Indian: maśáka- m. `mosquito, gnat', mákṣ m.f., mákṣā, makṣikā f. `fly, bee'
Avestan: maxśī `Fliege'
Russ. meaning: насекомое (слепень, комар)
piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-balt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Baltic etymology :
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Proto-Baltic: *mač-al-a- c., -ā̂ f.
Meaning: a k. of insect
Lithuanian: mãšala-s, ostlith. mãšala `Kriebelmücke'
Lettish: masala, masals `Rossfliege'
Comments: Cf. Lith mãkata-s `Kriebelmücke'
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-lett,baltet-notes,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 1216
Root: mak̂o- oder mok̂-o-
English meaning: a k. of fly
German meaning: `Stechfliege, Mücke'
General comments: (-lo-, -ko-, Deminutivformantien)
Material: Ai. maśáka- m. `Stechfliege, Mücke', lit. mašalas `Mücke', lett. masalas `Roßfliege', wozu russ. mosólitь `plagen, zudringlich anbetteln' (vom Bilde des zudringlichen Mückenschwarms), und mit anderm Formans (*mosъtъ?) osorb. mosćić so, mosćeć so `wimmeln (wie ein Mückenschwarm)', sowie wohl auch lit. mašóju, -ti `ein Kind zeugen'; vgl. mit Velar die arische Sippe von ai. mákṣa- m., makṣā f. `Fliege', av. maxši- `Fliege, Mücke' usw., und lit. mãkatas `Kriebelmücke'.
References: WP. II 225, Specht Idg. Dekl. 43 f., Trautmann 170.
Pages: 699
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-comments,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 540
Proto: *mekše
English meaning: bee
German meaning: Biene; Apis mellifica
Finnish: mehiläinen, mehiäinen 'Honigbiene'
Estonian: mehiläne, mehine (dial.) 'Biene'
Mordovian: mekš, mäkš (E), meš (M)
Mari (Cheremis): mükš (KB U B)
Udmurt (Votyak): muš (S G), mu̇š, muš (K)
Komi (Zyrian): moš (P), muš (V PO)
Hungarian: méh, dial. më̂he, mév, mihe, míhe 'Biene'
Sammalahti's version: *mekši
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-mrd,uralet-mar,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-ugr,uralet-samm2,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *(m)sḳa-
Russian meaning: пчела, муравей
English meaning: bee, ant
Georgian: sḳa-
Georgian meaning (Rus.): bee-hive
Megrel: (p)sḳa-, ska
Megrel meaning (Rus.): пчела
Megrel meaning (Eng.): bee
Svan: (?) mǝ(r)šḳ-
Svan meaning (Rus.): муравей
Svan meaning (Eng.): ant
Laz: mska-, mcka-
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 164.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-grmean,kartet-meg,kartet-mgmean,kartet-emgmean,kartet-sva,kartet-svmean,kartet-esvmean,kartet-laz,kartet-notes,
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