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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *bul
Meaning: foot, leg
Ket: būĺ, pl. buĺǝŋ5
Yug: bul, pl. bulɨŋ5; cf. bul, pl. bu:ĺ /bulɨŋ5 "sleigh detail"
Kottish: pul, pl. -aŋ "foot, leg" (pulap, pl. -aŋ "sole of foot"); bulaŋ "by foot"; (Бол.) pul "foot, leg"; Ass. puláŋ (М., Сл., Срсл., Кл.), pulan (Кл.) "feet, legs"; pulán-ujáha (М., Сл.), pulan-ajáha (Кл.) "to go"
Arin: pil (М., Сл., Кл., Срсл.,) "feet, legs"; apil (Лоск.) "foot, leg"
Pumpokol: bulún (Сл.) "to go"
Comments: ССЕ 213. Werner 1, 153. Cf. also the PY derivative *buloĺ ( ~ -r) 'stocking': Ket. buĺɔĺ6, Yug. bulɔl5,6, Arin (М., Сл., Кл.) proroŋ "stockings" (with assimilation < *piloroŋ); explained by Werner 1, 149 as *bul + *ʔoʔĺ 'hull'.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-ari,yenet-pum,yenet-notes,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *bɨ̆mɫV̆́
Meaning: foot
Comments and references : LV A5, MCGD 3; somewhat differently in HGC 25, NSC 60. Peiros 1989 compares PAN (Zorc) *d1apal 'foot', AA *(Cǝ)pVlh 'ankle'. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *bɨ̆mɫV̆
Meaning: hoof, foot
Proto-Avaro-Andian: *mVlV Notes: The root is not very widely spread (cf. also Gunz. malu 'hoof' - probably from old Avar.), but seems to be reliable. *-r- in PN is a normal reflex of *ɫ (and *l) before a velar (either as part of root or as a suffix). A possible trace of this root in Lezg. is the Agul (Fit.) form kuš-mul 'hoof (of artiodactyla)' (for kuš- see *kwăśV).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *bar-iḳ
Meaning: hoof
Chechen: berg
Ingush: barg
Comments: 4th class in Chech., 6th class in Ing. *-iḳ is a common diminutive suffix.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *mVlV
Meaning: foot
Avar: mal
Comments: Av. paradigm C (malá-l, mála-l).
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *bula (~-o-,-r-)
Meaning: hoof
Tsezi: bula
Ginukh: bula
Comments: PTsKh *buRa.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-comment,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *phǝ̆l (~ -ɨ̆-,-ŭ-)
Meaning: upper part of foot (leg)
Tibetan: bol the upper part of the foot.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-kir,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 腓
Modern (Beijing) reading: féi
Preclassic Old Chinese: bhǝj
Classic Old Chinese: bhǝj
Western Han Chinese: bhǝj
Eastern Han Chinese: bhwǝj
Early Postclassic Chinese: bhwɨj
Middle Postclassic Chinese: bhwɨj
Late Postclassic Chinese: bhwɨj
Middle Chinese: bwɨj
English meaning : calf of leg, leg; decay
Russian meaning[s]: 1) икры ног; 2) избегать, уклоняться
Comments: For *bh- cf. Fuzhou phi2.
Radical: 130
Four-angle index: 2731
Karlgren code: 0579 q
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,
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Kiranti etymology :
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Proto-Kiranti: *phä̀l (/*ʔp-)
Meaning: calf (of leg)
Sunwar: polpol
Tulung: palsö
Kaling: pälsö
Comments: p- in Khaling is irregular (either ph- or b- would be expected); perhaps it indicates a loan < Tul. Toba 88 *pälsö.
kiret-prnum,kiret-meaning,kiret-sun,kiret-tul,kiret-kal,kiret-dum,kiret-notes,
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Dumi dictionary :
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Entry: phélǝp
Grammar: n.
Meaning: thigh
dumet-prnum,dumet-pspeech,dumet-meaning,dumet-comments,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *búmbal-
Meaning: ankle (Knöchel)
Yasin: búmbalten
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : PVLMV
Meaning : foot, knee
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *bVl(m)V
Meaning: knee
References: Suggested by V. Glumov.
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *bi̯ắĺmi
Meaning: knee, ankle
Russian meaning: колено, бабка
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *bAĺ-mak
Meaning: boot, shoe
Russian meaning: ботинок, обувь
Karakhanid: bašmaq (MK Oghuz), bašaq (MK Chigil), bašmaq (IM) Turkish: bašmak, pašmak
Tatar: bašmaq
Uzbek: dial. (Khorazm) baš-lɨq 'heel-piece of a boot'
Azerbaidzhan: bašmaG
Turkmen: bašmaq, pašmaq ("heel of a camel; boot")
Kirghiz: bašmaq-ta- 'to sole (a boot)'
Noghai: bašmaq
Bashkir: bašmaq
Balkar: bašmaq
Karakalpak: bašmaq
Kumyk: bašmaq
Comments: EDT 382-383, ЭСТЯ 2, 93-95, ОСНЯ 3 69, TMN 2, 293-294. Doerfer's inner etymology (bašmak with vowel elision < *baša-mak from *baša- 'to cut, make notches') is impossible: baša- is derived from *bāĺ(č) 'wound' with a long vowel, while bašmak has a short one. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-krg,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *belberkej
Meaning: pastern, ankle (of horses, animals)
Russian meaning: бабка (у лошадей, животных)
Written Mongolian: belber(e)kei (L 96), belbenčeg (DO 63) Khalkha: belberxi, berevxi
Buriat: berbegei, dial. belhen
Kalmuck: belẉrkɛ̄, belẉncǝg
Ordos: belbenčik
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *bialebki
Meaning: 1 knee cap 2 knee
Russian meaning: 1 коленная чашечка 2 колено
Nanai: bịlōkị (Он. 66) 1 Udighe: bäluga (-uɣa), böloɣo (-uɣo) 1 (Корм. 211) Solon: bolōxi 2
Comments: Cf. also (?) Oroch mileuki 'knee cap' (with a strange m-) (Аврорин - Лебедева 204). See ТМС 1, 123. TM > Dag. bolōgi, bolōki 'knee cap' (Тод. Даг. 127). tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-nan,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *parmak (~ -ă-)
Meaning: a k. of footwear
Russian meaning: вид обуви
Modern Korean: palmak
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *pínsá
Meaning: knee
Russian meaning: колено
Old Japanese: pjiza
Middle Japanese: fízá
Tokyo: hìza
Kyoto: hízá
Kagoshima: híza
Shuri: Físà 'foot'
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-shu,japet-comments,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 802
Proto: *polwe
English meaning: knee
German meaning: Knie
Finnish: polvi (gen. polven) 'Knie; Gelenk, Glied; Biegung; Geschlecht', polveutu- 'von etw. herstammen'
Estonian: põlv (gen. põlve) 'Knie; Stand, Zustand; Zeit(alter)'
Saam (Lapp): buol'vâ -lv- (N) 'generation', puol'va (L) 'Knie, Generation', pi̊vl (T), pūlv (Kld.), puolv (Not.), pulv (A) 'Knie'
Mordovian: puĺaza, pumaža (E), kumanža (ERS), pulmańžä, polmanža (M), puĺźa- (E M) 'knien'
Mari (Cheremis): pul-wuj, pǝ̑l-wuj (KB), pul-wuj (U B) 'Knie'
Nenets (Yurak): pūlī (O), pūrī (Nj.)
Enets (Yen): fuase (Ch.), fosē (B)
Nganasan (Tawgi): fụa-gai, fuegai
Selkup: pūle (TaU), pūlsej (KeM TyM), pūli̮ (Tur.)
Janhunen's version: (108) *po/uxli6
Sammalahti's version: *po/uxli6
Addenda: Koib. püsüt 'Schienbein'; Mot. hua, hooi 'devant de la jambe, Schienbein'; ? Taig. пызеть 'колено'
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-saa,uralet-mrd,uralet-mar,uralet-nen,uralet-enc,uralet-nga,uralet-slk,uralet-janh,uralet-samm2,uralet-add,
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