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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *ƛ_HwemV
Meaning: liquid (adj.)
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. Correspondences are regular. See Trubetzkoy 1922, 239. Abdokov (1983, 148) adduces a Kabardian word: xʷānʎa 'liquid; boiled (e.g. egg)' which we were unable to confirm in existing sources.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *ʎ:imV-
Meaning: liquid
Avar: ƛ:amí-ja-b
Chadakolob: ƛamá-ja-b
Andian language: ʎ:emi
Akhvakh: ʎ:eme-da-
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-and,aandet-akv,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: xuImu-
Meaning: liquid
Lak form: xuImu-s:a
Comments: Cf. Khosr. x:uImu-s:a (a misspelling instead of xuImu-s:a ?).
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *xaIm-
Meaning: wet, liquid
Chiragh: šaIm-ze
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-chr,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *ʎ:äImä-
Meaning: liquid
Lezghian: žimi
Tabasaran: šmi
Agul: š:ume-r (Bursh.)
Rutul: xɨmi-l-dɨ
Tsakhur: ximaI-n
Archi: ʎ:aIma-t:u-
Comment: Cf. also Tab. Düb. šemi.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *ƛHwémV
Meaning: liquid, soak
Comments and references : NSC 58 *ƛwHEmV. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-buru,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *liǝm
Meaning: soak
Kachin: (H) prim be soaked.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-kach,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 淫
Modern (Beijing) reading: yín
Preclassic Old Chinese: l(h)ǝm
Classic Old Chinese: l(h)ǝm
Western Han Chinese: l(h)ǝm
Eastern Han Chinese: ź(h)ǝm
Early Postclassic Chinese: ź(h)im
Middle Postclassic Chinese: j(h)im
Late Postclassic Chinese: j(h)im
Middle Chinese: jim
English meaning : be excessive, licentious, dissolute
Radical: 0
Four-angle index: 0
Karlgren code: 0657 b
Vietnamese reading: dâm
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,bigchina-viet,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *tam
Meaning: to swim, bathe, wash
Hunza: tam dél-
Nagar: tam dél-
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *limuri
Meaning: 1 moist, humid 2 slippery 3 smooth, soft 4 lewd 5 changeable (of weather)
Gipuzkoan: limuri 3, 4
High Navarrese: limuri 3
Low Navarrese: limuri 2, 5
Salazarese: linburi, limuri 2, 3, 5
Lapurdian: linburi 2, 3
Zuberoan: limuri, linburi 1, 2, 5
Comments: As to the form linburi, there are at least two possible explanations: (1) an excrescent /b/ before following liquid, typologically similar to Eng. timber, Old Saxon timber, Old High Ger. zimbar, Old Norse timbr, etc., from the IE root *dem- ‘build’; French chambre < Lat. camera, etc.; (2) Trask unequivocally regarded internal Bsq /m/ as derived from *nb (HB 133), though Mitxelena was somewhat more circumspect about this, discussing it at length (Fonética, chapter 18) and noting secondary cases of /nb/ such as (AN, B, G) ganbela ‘manger’ < Lat. camella (REW 1543). Some of these may be due to folk hypercorrections.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-bnv,basqet-sal,basqet-lab,basqet-zbr,basqet-comments,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : LVMV
Meaning : swamp
Afroasiatic : Ar. lahim-, Berb. *lVm(u)H- 'big sea or humid area' (?)
African (misc.) : Bantu *-dị̀àm- 'sink'.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-afr,globet-reference,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *laHm[u]
Meaning: swamp
References: МССНЯ 331, ОСНЯ 2, 29-30; ND 1301 *l̄ahm[U] 'swamp; body of water'. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *lām-
Meaning: hollow (filled with water)
Slavic: *lāmъ яма (ЭССЯ 14:26)
Latin: lāma f. `Lache, Morast, Sumpf'
Russ. meaning: впадина (заполненная водой)
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,
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Baltic etymology :
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Proto-Baltic: *lā̂m-ā̂ (1?), *lā̃m-a- c.
Meaning: hole, den, pit
Lithuanian: lōmà (acc. lō̃mą), lō̃ma-s `Grube, Höhle, Vertiefung'
Lettish: lãma `niedrige Stelle, Lache, Senkung auf dem Felde od. auf dem Wiese, Pfütze, Grube, Sumpf, Grube'
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-lett,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 1118
Root: lāmā
English meaning: swamp, puddle
German meaning: `Pfütze, Sumpf'?
Grammatical comments: f.
Material: Lat. lāma f. `Pfütze, Sumpf', wohl kaum echt lateinisch; als Appellativ noch heute in Spanien, Südfrankreich, Oberitalien, häufig in ON im N Portugals und Spaniens, Korsika, Oberitalien und Apulien, also im venet.-illyr. Gebiet; illyr. FlN Λάμητος (Bruttium), heute Lamato; lett. lãma `Pfütze, Grube', lit. lomà (man erwartet lóma), Akk. Sg. lõmą ds.; bulg. lam m. `Grube, Loch'.
References: WP. II 385 f., WH. I 753, 870 f., Trautmann 162, R. Menendez Pidal ZrPh. 59, 202 ff. Unklar ist das Verhältnis zu finn. lampi, Gen. lammen `Teich', estn. lomm `Pfütze, Niederung', usw.
Pages: 653-654
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-grammar,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *lā̀mò ( ~ -a)
Meaning: sea, wave
Russian meaning: море, волна
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *namug
Meaning: marsh, swamp
Russian meaning: болото
Written Mongolian: namuɣ, namaɣ (L 563) Middle Mongolian: namurqan 'pool' (SH) Khalkha: namag
Buriat: namag, namarga
Kalmuck: namǝg (KРС)
Comments: Mong. > Evk. namargan (ТМС 1, 581). monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *lāmu
Meaning: 1 sea 2 wave
Russian meaning: 1 море 2 волна
Evenki: lāmu 1
Even: nām, lām 1
Negidal: lām 1
Literary Manchu: namu 1
Ulcha: namụ 1
Orok: namụ 1, lamu 2
Nanai: namụ, lamụ 1
Oroch: nāmu 1
Udighe: namu 1
Comments: ТМС 1, 490-491. Shortening in Nanai is not quite clear (for historical length cf. also Yak., Dolg. lāmɨ < TM, see Stachowski 173). tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *nàmì
Meaning: wave
Russian meaning: волна
Old Japanese: namji
Middle Japanese: nàmì
Tokyo: namí
Kyoto: námì
Kagoshima: namí
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 460
Proto: *lampe
English meaning: bog, marsh
German meaning: Pfütze, Teich, Moor
Finnish: lampi, lammi (gen. lammen, lammin), lamppi (gen. lampin) 'kleiner Landsee, Teich, Pfütze' (? > Est. lamm, gen. lammi 'kleine, flache Bucht') ?
Estonian: lammikas 'Schlammpfütze, Moor' ?
Saam (Lapp): luobbâl -b'b- (L) 'kleiner Waldsee, kürzere Strecke Stillwasser' ( > Finn. lompalo, lompolo 'Verbreiterung eines Flusses'), lāimpe, lāimp (T) 'Moor, Sumpf' ?
Mari (Cheremis): lop (C M B) 'tiefliegender feuchter Boden, niedriger Ort' ?
Nenets (Yurak): limbad 'болото, трясина' ?
Selkup: li̮mpä (Ta.) 'Moor, Sumpfboden' ?
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-fin,uralet-est,uralet-saa,uralet-mar,uralet-nen,uralet-slk,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *lam-
Georgian: lam-
Georgian meaning (Rus.): ил, сырость; омачивать
Georgian meaning (Engl.): silt, dampness
Notes and references: В ОСНЯ 2, 29 основа сближается с ПИЕ *lām- 'болото, лужа', урал. *Lampe 'болото, озерцо', алт. *lāmo 'болото, море' (ностр. *LaHm[u]). Климов (1994, 201) считает груз. слово индоевропеизмом, для чего как будто бы нет оснований.
kartet-prnum,kartet-gru,kartet-grmean,kartet-egrmean,kartet-notes,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *nam- (*-e-)
Meaning : moist, damp
Proto-South Dravidian: *nam- Notes : A Tamil-Telugu isogloss with unclear vocalism correspondences.
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-notes,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *nam-
Meaning : damp, moist
Tamil : nama (-pp-, -tt-), namar (-pp-, -tt-), namu (-pp-, -tt-)
Tamil meaning : to become damp, moist
Number in DED : 3594
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *nemm-
Meaning : moisture, damp
Telugu : nemmu
Additional forms : Also nemmukonu to become damp
Number in DED : 3594
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-addition,telet-dednum,
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Austric etymology :
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Proto-Austric: *lVm
Meaning: submerge, sink
Austroasiatic meaning: submerge, sink
Miao-Yao parallels: Yao liem.6 soak (MY) (may be < Chin.)
Proto-Austronesian: *telem (also *lama 'wet, lie on water surface')
Austronesian meaning: sink, submerge, dive
Austronesian code: 23:21
Proto-Thai: lom.B to sink, lom.C to fall
austr-meaning,austr-prnum,austr-aa,austr-aame,austr-myao,austr-an,austr-anme,austr-ancode,austr-tai,
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Austro-Asiatic etymology :
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Proto-Austro-Asiatic: *lam / *lǝm
Meaning: submerge, sink
Thai: lom.B to sink
Proto-Palaungic: Pal hlɨm
References: S-152
aaet-meaning,aaet-prnum,aaet-thai,aaet-kat,aaet-kmr,aaet-mon,aaet-pawa,aaet-bib,
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Katuic etymology :
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Proto-Katuic: *lam
Meaning: submerged in
Presyllable: kǝ-/ʔǝ-
Proto-West Katuic: BRU slim.B E?
References: TK15.45
katet-meaning,katet-prpr,katet-prnum,katet-wkat,katet-ekat,katet-bibref,
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East Katuic etymology :
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Proto-East Katuic: *lam
Meaning: submerged in
Presyllable: kǝ-/ʔǝ-
Kri: klam
Chatong: klam
Kantu dialects: klam
Dakkan dialects (1): ʔalam
ekatet-meaning,ekatet-epre,ekatet-prnum,ekatet-kr,ekatet-ct,ekatet-kntt,ekatet-dkl,
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Khmer etymology :
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Khmer: rǝla:ṃ
Meaning: be soaked, drenched
References: JP338
kmret-meaning,kmret-prnum,kmret-ref,
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Monic etymology :
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Proto-Monic: *lǝm
Meaning: immerse oneself
Presyllable: tǝ- /ʒǝ-
Modern Mon: taluim, tluim
Old Mon: tulum
Nyakur: çǝlǝm.B
Nyakur meaning: to omerse smth.
References: V196; S-160
monet-meaning,monet-prpr,monet-prnum,monet-word,monet-om,monet-tc,monet-tcme,monet-bib,
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Aslian etymology :
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Proto-Aslian: *-kɔʔ
Meaning: claw
Semoq Beri: tǝrkɔʔ
Kensiw: kalkɔʔ
asliet-prnum,asliet-meaning,asliet-ber,asliet-ken,
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