North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *HĭrḳwĔ

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: man, person

Proto-Nakh: *sṭ-aḳ

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *hiḳʷa

Proto-Tsezian: *hiḳʷǝ A/ *riḳʷǝ A

Proto-Lak: -arḳ

Proto-West Caucasian: *ḳ́ʷa

Notes: This root (originally meaning 'person, man') is seldom used independently (only in PA and some Tsezian languages). In EC languages it is most frequently used in a compound with *ćwijo 'man' ('man-person'); in PWC it became a morpheme of Nomina Agentis ("person doing smth."). The etymology seems phonetically and semantically quite plausible.

Nakh etymology :

Proto-Nakh: *sṭ-aḳ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: person, man

Chechen: stag

Ingush: sag

Batsbi: sṭaḳ

Comments: Obl. base *sṭaḳe-, cf. Chech. stega-, Ing. sago, Bacb. sṭaḳi-. Historically a compound (for the first part cf. PN *psṭu "bull").

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *hiḳʷa

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: man, person

Andian language: heḳʷa

Akhvakh: eḳʷa

Chamalal: heḳʷa

Tindi: heḳʷa

Karata: heḳʷa

Botlikh: heḳʷa

Bagvalal: heḳʷa

Godoberi: heḳʷa

Comments: Cf. also Akhv. Tseg. iḳʷa, Tl. iḳo.

Tsezian etymology :

Proto-Tsezian: *hiḳʷǝ A/ *riḳʷǝ A

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: man, person

Tsezi: (ž-eḳu)

Ginukh: reḳʷe

Khvarshi: (žiḳʷa)

Inkhokvari: hiḳo

Bezhta: (suḳo)

Gunzib: (suḳu)

Comments: The PTsKh form *hiḳʷǝ / *riḳʷǝ is probably a development of the original *hirḳʷV (although phonetically it is an exceptional case). Most Tsezian languages reflect only an old compound *ži-hirḳʷV > PTs *žiḳʷV q.v.

Lak etymology :

Lak root: -arḳ

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: men, people

Lak form: čiw-arḳ

Comments: The root is present only in a compound with čiw- 'man, male' q.v.

Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :

Proto-West-Caucasian: *ḳ́ʷa

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: suffix of Nomina Agentis

Adyghe: -ḳʷ(a)

Kabardian: -ḳʷa

Ubykh: -ḳ́a

Comments: PAK *-ḳʷa, cf., e.g., Ad. Laž́ā-ḳʷ 'worker' (Laž́a-n 'to work'), Kab. wǝsā-ḳʷa 'poet' (wǝsa 'poem'). In Ub. cf. e.g. fawā́-ḳ́a 'wrestler' (fawǝ́ 'wrestle') etc.

Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *Hĭr(V)ḳwĔ́

Meaning: man, male

North Caucasian: *HĭrḳwĔ

Sino-Tibetan: *Krǝw (~ -ew, -aw)

Burushaski: *hir

Comments and references : Cauc. may be < *Hĭru-ḳĔ, cf. the plural forms in Bur. (or else Bur. *hir < *hirk?]. Cf. also (BCD 30) Basq. ar 'male'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *Krǝw (~ -ew, -aw)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: penis

Tibetan: (C) sgro the penis.

Burmese: khjǝwh penis (of a boy).

Burushaski etymology :

Common Burushaski: *hir

Sino-Caucasian Etymology: Sino-Caucasian Etymology

Meaning: man

Yasin: hir, pl. hurí, huríkia

Hunza: hir, pl. hirí

Nagar: hir, pl. hiríkanc

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