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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *boq
Meaning: sun
Tsezi: buq
Ginukh: buq
Khvarshi: buq
Inkhokvari: bɨq
Bezhta: boq
Gunzib: boq
Comments: PTsKh *buq, PGB *boq. The paradigm in PTs: dir. *boq, obl. *bɨqV-, cf. Khvarsh. buq, beqi-, Bezht. boq, biqo-, Gunz. boq, bɨqa-. In Inkh. the direct stem had been replaced by the oblique one. The obl. base serves also as basis for derived words meaning 'southern (sunny) slope of a hill': Gin. beqa-ƛ̣o, Inkh. bɨqa, Bezht. Tlad. biq-ƛ̣as, Khosh. biq̇ijo, Gunz. bɨq̇q̇u ( < *bɨq-ʔVju).
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *wirǝ̄q̇_Ă
Meaning: sun
Notes: The comparison of PTs, Lak and PL paradigms allows to reconstruct a PNC paradigm with Ablaut: *wirǝ̄q̇_Ă, *wirōq̇_V- (PTs *boq, *bɨqV- : Lak. barʁ, burʁi- : PL *wiraq:, *wiroq:V-). The most archaic trisyllabic structure is preserved in PL and reflected in PWC; other languages reflect a contracted form *bVrq̇_Ă. This structure, and some similarity (noted long ago) with the root *Hwīq̇_ī 'day' (q.v.) allows to suggest that *wi_rǝ̄q̇Ă in PNC was actually a compound of *hwēri 'day' + *Hwīq̇_ī 'day, sun'. Comparison of the EC and WC forms see in Trubetzkoy 1930,275; Trombetti 1923, 363 (wrongly connecting also PN *malχ 'sun' q.v.), Abdokov 1983, 92.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-khin,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *bV(r)q̇:V
Meaning: sun
Avar: baq̇:
Chadakolob: baq̇
Comments: Av. paradigm B~C (gen. baq̇:ú-l).
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: barʁ
Meaning: sun
Lak form: barʁ
Comments: 3d class. Obl. base burʁi-.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *berħi
Meaning: sun; day
Akusha: berħi
Chiragh: bare
Comments: Cf. also Ur. barħi, Tsud. bēri, Kad. berħi, Kub. bē etc. Note that the Ak. dialect has an etymological doublet: berħi 'sun', but barħi 'day' - the latter obviously borrowed from Ur.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *wiraq:
Meaning: sun
Lezghian: raʁ
Tabasaran: riʁ
Agul: raʁ
Rutul: virɨʁ
Tsakhur: virɨʁ
Kryz: viraʁ
Budukh: viraʁ
Archi: barq
Udi: beʁI
Comment: The word shows traces of Ablaut (*wiraq:, *wirɨq:V-); belongs uniformly to the 3d class. See Trubetzkoy 1930, 82; Лексика 1971, 184; Гигинейшвили 1977, 75.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,
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Khinalug etymology :
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Khinalug root: ɨnq̇
North Caucasian etymology: 99
Meaning: sun
Khinalug form: ɨnq̇
khinet-prnum,khinet-meaning,khinet-khi,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *(mV)-rǝʁa
Meaning: sun
Abkhaz: á-mra
Abaza: mara
Adyghe: tǝʁa
Kabardian: dǝʁa
Ubykh: ndʁa
Comments: PAT *mAra; PAK *t:ǝʁá; Ub. def. á-ndʁa. PAT and Ub. show traces of a nasal prefix (cf. 'fire' etc.). In PAT *mArAʕa would be expected: we may suppose that the final *-ʕa was reinterpreted as the beginning of the following verb in frequent phrases like Abaz. amara ʕac̣c̣iṭ 'sun goes up', maraʕačḳarǝc̣ra 'sunrise', maraʕašǝrta 'blazing sun' etc. Other ways of relating AT forms to AK (see Шагиров 1, 153 with literature) are probably faulty.
The relationship of PAK *t:ǝʁá 'sun' and *t:ǝʁʷá-sa 'yesterday' (Ad. tǝʁʷās, Kab. dǝʁʷāsa) may be considered, but still remains questionable (see the discussion in Shagirov 1, 154, Abdokov 1983, 100-101).
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *hwēri-*Hwī́xq̇V
Meaning: sun
Comments and references : HGC 22, LV A28. An old compound: see *=VhwV, *Hwīxq̇V. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *xruăk
Meaning: bright, sunshine
Tibetan: bkrag-pa brightness, lustre.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 旭
Modern (Beijing) reading: xù
Preclassic Old Chinese: h(r)ok
Classic Old Chinese: h(r)ok
Western Han Chinese: h(r)ok
Eastern Han Chinese: h(r)ok
Early Postclassic Chinese: hok
Middle Postclassic Chinese: hok
Late Postclassic Chinese: hok
Middle Chinese: xöuk
English meaning : descriptive of the rising sun
Russian meaning[s]: восходящее солнце
Radical: 72
Four-angle index: 7736
Go-on: koku
Kan-on: kiyoku
Japanese reading: kyoku;koku;asahi;akiraka
Shijing occurrences: 34.3
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-go,bigchina-kanon,bigchina-jap,bigchina-shijing,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *xiGa
Meaning: sun
Ket: ī, pl. iɣán ( < iɣa:n3)
Yug: i
Kottish: ēga, *ēgä, g. ēgei, pl. ēgaŋ; (Бол.) ega; Ass. ö́ga (М., Сл., Срсл., Кл.), éga (Кл.); Kam. igɨ (Стр.), Koib. ega (Мес., П.)
Arin: éga (Кл.), éja (М., Сл., Срсл.), ega (Лоск.)
Pumpokol: hixem (Сл., Срсл., Кл.)
Comments: ССЕ 296. Obviously related to *xiʔG 'day' q.v. Werner 1, 392 <*(h)egǝ> (but Ar. xagalɨ 'sun', recorded by Strahlenberg, rather reflects *χōŋ- 'day' q.v.).
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-ari,yenet-pum,yenet-notes,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *duɣoi
Meaning: midday, noon
Yasin: doɣói
Hunza: duɣúi
Nagar: duɣói
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *argi-
Meaning: 1 light, bright, 2 luminary (moon)
Araban: irargi 2
Bizkaian: argi 1, iretargi, ilargi, irargi 2
Gipuzkoan: argi 1, ilargi, illargi 2
High Navarrese: argi 1, (Elkano, Puente) ilargi 2, (Goñi, Olza) illergi 2
Low Navarrese: argi 1, argizai 2
Salazarese: ilargi 2
Lapurdian: argi 1, ilhargi 2
Baztanese: illargi, ilargi 2
Aezkoan: ilargi 2
Zuberoan: argi 1 argizagi 2
Roncalese: argi 1, argizagi 2
Comments: As Trask (1995) mentions, borrowing from IE *arg- 'shine, bright' has been suspected, "but no direct source for the loan (if it is one) can be identified." Compounds with *hiɫa- and *sagi (q.v.).
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-arb,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-anv,basqet-bnv,basqet-sal,basqet-lab,basqet-bzt,basqet-azk,basqet-zbr,basqet-rnc,basqet-comments,
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