Change viewing parameters
Select another database
Long-range etymologies :
Search within this database
Borean (approx.) : MVKV
Meaning : child
Amerind (misc.) : *makin 'child' (R 119) Reference : GE 34 *mako (+ ?NC, IP). globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,globet-amer,globet-reference,
Search within this database
Nostratic etymology :
Search within this database
Eurasiatic: *mVḳV
Meaning: male, male child
References: ND 1391 *maḲU 'baby, son' ( + dub. IE and Kartv.). nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-alt,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
Search within this database
Altaic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Altaic: *mūk`o ( ~ -u)
Meaning: male
Russian meaning: самец
Comments: A Western isogloss.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-reference,
Search within this database
Turkic etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Turkic: *būka
Meaning: bull
Russian meaning: бык
Old Turkic: buqa (Orkh., OUygh.)
Karakhanid: buqa (MK, KB) Turkish: boa
Tatar: buɣa (dial.)
Uzbek: buqa
Uighur: buɣa, buqa
Sary-Yughur: puqa
Azerbaidzhan: buGa
Turkmen: buGa
Khakassian: puɣa
Shor: puɣa
Oyrat: buqa
Yakut: buga
Tuva: buɣa
Tofalar: buxa
Kirghiz: buqa
Kazakh: buqa
Noghai: buɣa
Bashkir: buɣa
Balkar: buɣa
Gagauz: buɣa, bua
Karaim: buɣa
Karakalpak: buɣa
Kumyk: buɣa
Comments: VEWT 87, EDT 312, ЭСТЯ 2, 230-232, Sinor 1962, 320-321, Лексика 437. Turk. > Mong. buqa (see TMN 2, 299, Щербак 1997, 110), whence Evk. buka etc. (see TMN ibid., Poppe 1966, 194, Doerfer MT 99). Turk. > Hung. bika, see Gombocz 1912. turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
Search within this database
Mongolian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Mongolian: *mok-
Meaning: 1 2-years old male deer 2 penis
Russian meaning: 1 двухлетний самец оленя 2 penis
Buriat: moxotor 1
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-bur,monget-kal,
Search within this database
Tungus etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *muxa- / *muxe-
Meaning: 1 man 2 male
Russian meaning: 1 мужчина 2 самец
Negidal: muxeti 2
Literary Manchu: muχan 2
Nanai: moχa(n) 1, 2
Oroch: mueti 2
Udighe: mugeti, mueti 2
Comments: ТМС 1, 543, 554. tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,
Search within this database
Dravidian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Dravidian : *maɣ1-
Meaning : child
Proto-South Dravidian: *maG- Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *mag- Proto-North Dravidian : *maG- dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-gnd,dravet-ndr,
Search within this database
South Dravidian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-South Dravidian : *maG-
Meaning : child
Tamil : maka
Tamil meaning : child, infant, young of animal, son or daughter, young age
Tamil derivates : makaṭu, makaṭūu female, woman, wife; makavu infant, son, young of animals living on trees, as of monkeys; makaḷ daughter, woman, female, damsel, wife (pl. makaḷir women); makaṇmai womanhood, daughterhood; makan_ son, child, exalted person, warrior, husband; makan_mai sonship, manliness; makār sons, children; makkaḷ human beings; mākkaḷ men, people, mankind, children; em-mān_ my son; mōn_ai sonny (term of endearment to a child); makiṇan_ husband, chief of an agricultural tract, lord; makiẓnan_ husband, chief of an agricultural tract; mavuṇan_ husband
Malayalam : makan, mōn
Malayalam meaning : son
Malayalam derivates : mōḷ daughter; makkaḷ children (esp. sons); the young of animals
Kannada : maga
Kannada meaning : son, male person
Kannada derivates : (inscr., Gai) makan son; magavu, magu, maguvu, moga, mogu, moguvu infant, child of any sex; magaḷ daughter; makkaḷ, markaḷ, makkaḷir children; magaḷmā a wife who is faithful to her husband
Kodagu : mōvëN
Kodagu meaning : son
Kodagu derivates : mōva daughter; makka children; pom makka women, wives (poṇṇɨ wife, female)
Tulu : mage (pl. magāḍḷu)
Tulu meaning : son
Tulu derivates : magaḷu (pl. magaḷāḍḷu) daughter; makkaḷ children; mōnu son; mōni daughter
Notes : Many dialects show the stem *mōn- in the meaning 'son' (and *mōḷ- in the
meaning 'daughter'). These forms certainly go back to *magan and *magaḷ
respectively; however, the contracted forms should probably be reconstructed
for PSDR, as they are represented not only in Tamil/Malayalam (where
intervocalic -g- regularly disappears in some dialects), but in other languages
as well, most notably Tulu and Toda.
Another irregularity is the development *mag- > mog- that happens in various
languages; particularly noteworthy is the development in Kota, where *-a- does
not normally lead to -o- in such a context. Since the root's usage was
particularly frequent, special irregularities cannot be excluded; however, it
is not excluded that we have to deal with a special cluster (maybe even a
special phoneme) in this case.
Number in DED : 4616
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-kodder,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-notes,sdret-dednum,
Search within this database
Nilgiri etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Nilgiri : *mag
Meaning : child
Kota : mog (obl. mog-, mōt-) "child, wife"
Toda : mox (obl. mōt-) "child, son, male, daughter, woman"
Additional forms : Also Kota pe-mog woman (see 4395); mōḷ daughter; mōtāc woman with child; Toda toʒ mox Toda woman or wife; moxɵas_ adolescent boy; mōt fɨɫ̣ɵ son's wife (not being one's sister's daughter; see 4198)
Number in DED : 4616
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-addition,ktet-dednum,
Search within this database
Telugu etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Telugu : *mag-
Meaning : male
Telugu : maga
Dialectal forms (1) : moga
Inscriptional Telugu : maganr_u "son"
Additional forms : Also magãṭimi manliness, bravery, prowess; magãḍu husband, man, male, king, hero; magatanamu manliness, virility, courage, bravery, boldness, spirit; magadi male of any animal, beast or bird; maganālu wife, married woman; magapāḍi manliness, honour, bravery; magalāgu manliness; magavā̃ḍu man, male, hero; maguva woman; maguvatanamu womanhood
Number in DED : 4616
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-tel_2,telet-tel_inscr,telet-addition,telet-dednum,
Search within this database
Kolami-Gadba etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *mag-
Meaning : child
Kolami : magvan "husband"
Parji : māl (pl. mācil) "daughter"
Ollari Gadba : maginḍ sinḍ "man, husband"
Salur Gadba : maga sinḍu "boy child"
Additional forms : Also Parji mayid (pl. mayil) husband; Ollari māl daughter; Salur magginḍ husband; mācil girl child; children; māl (pl. māsil) woman; cin makil small children
Number in DED : 4616
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kolami,kogaet-parji,kogaet-ollari,kogaet-salur,kogaet-addition,kogaet-dednum,
Search within this database
Gondwan etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Gondi-Kui : *maɣ-āṛ
Meaning : daughter
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-gon,gndet-kon,gndet-pem,
Search within this database
Gondi etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Gondi : *mī-aṛ
Meaning : daughter
Betul Gondi : mīār (pl. mīāhk)
Mandla Gondi (Williamson) : mīār
Mandla Gondi (Phailbus) : miyār (pl. miyāsk/miyāhk) "daughter, girl"
Maria Gondi : mīaṛ(i) (pl. mīasku)
Koya Gondi : mayyāḍ "(Su.) daughter"
Maria Gondi (Mitchell) : miyāṛ
Maria Gondi (Lind) : miyālī
Number in DED : 4616
Number in CVOTGD : 2832
gonet-meaning,gonet-prnum,gonet-gondi_tr,gonet-gondi_w,gonet-gondi_ph,gonet-gondi_ma,gonet-gondi_ko,gonet-gondi_m,gonet-gondi_l,gonet-dednum,gonet-voc_num,
Search within this database
Konda etymology :
Search within this database
Konda : gāṛu, gālu
Meaning: daughter ( < *mgāṛu, < *mgālu)
Additional forms : Also Konda moga koṛo boy child; husband, young man
Number in DED : 4616
konet-meaning,konet-prnum,konet-addition,konet-dednum,
Search within this database
Pengo-Manda etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Pengo-Manda : *mgāṛ
Meaning : daughter
Pengo : gāṛ
Manda : gāṛ
Additional Forms : Also Pengo gaṛce girl; Manda nā-mgāṛ my daughter; āco-mgāṛ (pl. -mgahke) woman; gāṛeh (pl. -iŋ) girl
Number in DED : 4616
pemet-meaning,pemet-prnum,pemet-pengo,pemet-manda,pemet-addition,pemet-dednum,
Search within this database
North Dravidian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-North-Dravidian : *maG-
Meaning : boy
Malto : maqe
Additional forms : Also MLT maqi girl; maqo small, little, young; maqmaqo small ones; maqu young one (animal)
Number in DED : 4616
ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-mlt,ndret-addition,ndret-dednum,
Search within this database
Sino-Caucasian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *mVḳwV
Meaning: child, small
Comments and references : BCD 25.
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
Search within this database
North Caucasian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-North Caucasian: *miḳwV
Meaning: small, young one
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level. There is some variation of m-/n- before a front vowel; otherwise the correspondences are regular.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-comment,
Search within this database
Avar-Andian etymology :
Search within this database
Protoform: *miḳi / *moḳi
Meaning: 1 small 2 child
Andian language: mič̣i 1, moč̣i 2
Akhvakh: miḳe 2
Chamalal: miḳu-b 1, mač̣ 2
Tindi: muḳutu-1,maḳ́a2
Karata: miḳi-s:1,maḳe 2
Botlikh: maḳi 2
Bagvalal: maḳ 2
Godoberi: miḳi-si 1,maḳi2
Comments: For PA we can reconstruct *miḳi-'small' (cf. also Kar. Tok. muḳu-b, L.-Enkh. meḳo-b, dial. miḳo-b, Cham. Gad. miḳa-b) and *moḳi 'child'. These forms probably reflect old Ablaut. The same root was probably used in PA to denote 'small finger' (cf. the meanings in PTs) later developped to 'finger' in some languages: Tind. miḳ́a, Akhv. ũḳa, Tseg. ĩḳʷa ( < *ʔi-miḳV with a laryngeal prefix occurring also in some other body part names), Cham. miḳ- in miḳ-s:il 'finger-ring' ( = Tind. miḳ́i-š:al).
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,
Search within this database
Tsezian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Tsezian: *m[i]ḳV-
Meaning: 1 small, little 2 bear-cub
Inkhokvari: mic̣ḳare 1
Bezhta: ḳomori 2
Gunzib: meḳori 2
Comments: An expressive root with somewhat irregular correspondences (especially strange is the addition of -c̣- in Inkh.); but the basic shape and the meaning small may be reconstructed securely enough.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
Search within this database
Dargwa etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Dargwa: *niḳV-
Meaning: small
Chiragh: niḳaze
Comments: Isolated in Chir. (cf. also niḳ-el 'child'), but with probable external parallels.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-chr,darget-comment,
Search within this database
Lezghian etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Lezghian: *miḳʷV- (~-e-)
Meaning: 1 young 2 few, a little; small
Rutul: muḳ-dɨ 1
Budukh: miḳe 2
Comment: The original meaning is probably 'small, young (of animals)', cf. the external evidence.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-rut,lezget-bud,lezget-comment,
Search within this database
Basque etymology :
Search within this database
Proto-Basque: *miko
Meaning: 1 a little, a little bit 2 a tiny bit
Low Navarrese: miko 1, (Garazi) mikitta 2
Salazarese: mikitta 2
Lapurdian: miko
Comments: This word has traditionally been compared with Spanish miga ‘crumb’ < Lat. mīca; but if so, why Bsq -o? Cf. instead PNC *miḳwV 'small, young one'.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bnv,basqet-sal,basqet-lab,basqet-comments,
Search within this database
Select another database
Change viewing parameters
Total pages generated | Pages generated by this script | 295837 | 3172699 |
| Help
|
StarLing database server | Powered by | CGI scripts | Copyright 1998-2003 by S. Starostin | ![](/images/harbour-button.gif) | Copyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov |
|