Altaic etymology : List with all references

Proto-Turkic: *jāĺ-ɨl

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 green 2 yellow

Russian meaning: 1 зеленый 2 желтый

Old Turkic: jašɨl (Orkh., OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: jašɨl (MK, KB) 1

Turkish: ješil 1

Tatar: jɛšel 1

Middle Turkic: jašɨl (MA) 1

Uzbek: jašil 1

Uighur: ješil 1

Sary-Yughur: jahsɨl 1

Azerbaidzhan: jašɨl 1

Turkmen: jāšɨl 1

Khakassian: čazɨl 1

Shor: čažɨl (R.) 1

Oyrat: d́ažɨl 1

Halaj: ja:šɨl 1

Chuvash: śulźa, śulǯa, śъvъlś 'leaf' ( = Bashk. jäšelsä 'greens, vegetables')

Yakut: saha-r- 2

Dolgan: haha-r- 2

Kirghiz: ǯašɨl 1

Kazakh: žasɨl 1

Noghai: jasɨl 1

Bashkir: jäšel 1

Balkar: žašil 1

Gagauz: ješil 1

Karaim: ješli 1

Karakalpak: žasɨl 1

Salar: jäšil 1

Kumyk: jašɨl 1

Comments: Derived from PT *jāĺ 'young, green vegetables' (OUygh. jaš, MK jaš, Turkm. jāš, see ЭСТЯ 4, 162, EDT 975, 976, Федотов 2, 134, Stachowski 93). This root is often mixed with homophonous *jāĺ 'tear' and *jāĺ 'age, year', see ЭСТЯ 4, 161-164 (all three roots have different Altaic etymologies). Turk. > Mong. jasil 'buckthorn' (Clark 1980, 41).

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Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *ǯöl(ü)ge

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: green meadow

Russian meaning: зеленый луг

Written Mongolian: ǯölge (L 1085: ǯülge)

Middle Mongolian: ǯolge (SH, see TMN 1, 295)

Khalkha: ʒüleg

Buriat: zülge

Kalmuck: zölgǝ

Monguor: čorgō 'vallée avec une rivière au milieu' (SM 440)

Comments: KW 477. Mong. > Kirgh. ǯülgö etc., see ЭСТЯ 4, 37-38, TMN 1, 295.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ńoli-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 green moss, green mould 2 bluish 3 bruise 4 greenish

Russian meaning: 1 зеленый мох, зеленая плесень 2 синеватый 3 синяк 4 зеленоватый

Literary Manchu: ńolmon 1

Ulcha: ńolǯokto 3

Orok: nōlto / ńōlto 3

Nanai: ńolā 2

Oroch: noligi 4

Udighe: ńoliɣi, ńolo 2, 4

Comments: ТМС 1, 601-603 (to be distinguished from *ńog-!).

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *ńȫĺe

Meaning: to sprout; green

Altaic: *ńi̯ṓĺe ( ~ -i)

Uralic: *ńulkV 'fir tree'?

Dravidian: SDR *mUḷ- 'to spring, sprout' (SDR 4185; DEDR 4997)

Uralic etymology :

Number: 654

Proto: *ńulkV

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: a k. of fir-tree

German meaning: Weisstanne, Edeltanne; Abies

Mari (Cheremis): nŭlɣo (V), nulɣo (U B) 'Edeltanne, Weißtanne'

Udmurt (Votyak): ńi̮l-pu (S), ńǝ̑l-pǝ̑ (K) 'Weißtanne, Silbertanne, Pechtanne', ńị̑l-pu (G) 'Abies pichta', ńules (S K G) 'Wald'

Komi (Zyrian): ńi̮l (S), ńi̮v (P), ńøl (PO) 'sibirische Tanne; Abies pichta'

Khanty (Ostyak): ńălki̮ (V), ńătχǝ (DN) 'Weißtanne', ńălχa (O) 'Silbertanne' ( > Nen. ńalk 'Edeltanne, Silbertanne'

Mansi (Vogul): ńolē̮ (TJ), ńol (KU), ńul (P), ńuli (So.) 'Weißtanne; Pichta', ńuläś (N) 'Weißtannenwald', ńuliś (N) 'Tannenwald'

Selkup: njulg (Ta.), njŭlgȇ, njulgэ (Ke.), njulg(a) (N), ńölg͔ (Ty.) 'Weißtanne'

Kamass: noлɣo, naлɣo

Sammalahti's version: FP *n'ulka