Altaic etymology : List with all references

Proto-Altaic: *kṓk`e ( ~ -i)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: blue, green

Russian meaning: синий, зеленый

Turkic: *gȫk

Mongolian: *köke

Tungus-Manchu: *kuKu

Comments: EAS 154, VEWT 287, KW 236, Владимирцов 168, 324, Poppe 56, АПиПЯЯ 288. A Western isogloss. Despite Щербак 1997, 128, Doerfer TMN 3, 641-642, MT 99 and Rozycki 145 there is no need to assume Mong. < Turk. or TM < Mong. (although it cannot be excluded). Derived are probably bird names: Turk. *gȫkerčin 'dove', *gȫkel 'he-duck', ТМ *kukēkī 'jay', Mong. *kögürǯegene 'dove' (see Лексика 175; Mong. is hardly borrowed < Turk., despite Clark 1980, 44).

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *gȫk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 blue 2 green ("macro-blue" according to Wierzbicka)

Russian meaning: 1 синий 2 зеленый

Old Turkic: kök 1 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kök 1 (MK, KB), 2 (KB)

Turkish: gök 1

Tatar: kük 1

Middle Turkic: kök 1 (MA)

Uzbek: kọk 1, 2

Uighur: kök 1, 2

Sary-Yughur: kük 1, 2

Azerbaidzhan: göj 1

Turkmen: gȫk 1, 2

Khakassian: kök 1

Shor: kök 1, 2

Oyrat: kök 1, 2

Halaj: kīek 2

Chuvash: kъʷvak 1

Yakut: küöx 1, 2

Dolgan: küök 1

Tuva: kök 1

Tofalar: kök 1

Kirghiz: kök 1

Kazakh: kök 1

Noghai: kök 1

Bashkir: kük 1

Balkar: kök 1

Gagauz: gök 1

Karaim: kök 1

Karakalpak: kök 1

Salar: Gux 1

Kumyk: gök 1

Comments: VEWT 287, TMN 3, 640-642, EDT 708-9, ЭСТЯ 3, 66-68, Лексика 60, 604, Stachowski 165. In most languages the root also means 'sky'. Turk. > Hung. kék 'blue', see Gombocz 1912.

turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *köke

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: blue, green

Russian meaning: синий, зеленый

Written Mongolian: köke (L 482)

Middle Mongolian: koko (HY 41, SH), keuke (IM), kukä̆ (MA)

Khalkha: xöx

Buriat: xüxe

Kalmuck: kökǝ

Ordos: göχö

Dongxian: kugie

Baoan: koge, (MGCD) kugo

Dagur: kuke (Тод. Даг. 151, MD 185)

Shary-Yoghur: hgö

Monguor: kugo (SM 209)

Mogol: kükä; ZM kukä (13-7)

Comments: KW 236, MGCD 378.

monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dun,monget-bao,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-mogh,monget-reference,

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *kuKu

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: blue

Russian meaning: синий, голубой

Evenki: kuku, kuku-šin

Literary Manchu: kuku

Oroch: kuagǯa

Comments: ТМС 1, 421, 426.

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *kVḳV

Meaning: dark, blue

Altaic: *kṓk`e ( ~ -i)

Kartvelian: Georg. ḳuḳun-aχ- 'dark', ḳuḳun-et- 'darkness'

Eskimo-Aleut: *quq-juɣ- ~ *quʁcuГ-

References: ND 1019 *ḳUkE 'dark, black' (Georg. + Eg. + incorr. Mong.); 858 *k[Eho]ḳa 'green. blue' (Alt. + dub. IE).

Eskimo etymology :

Proto-Eskimo: *quq-juɣ- ~ *quʁcuГ-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: yellow, green

Russian meaning: желтый, зеленый

Proto-Inupik: *quqcuГ-

Comments: Cf. *quʁ(r)ǝ-, *quʁri 'to urinate, urine stain' and *qăʁ-cu-ʁ- 'white, bleached'.

Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 319

Inupik etymology :

Proto-Inupik: *quqcuГ-

Meaning: yellow 1, green 2

Russian meaning: желтый 1, зеленый 2

Seward Peninsula Inupik: quqsuq- 1

SPI Dialects: Imaq qúqsutóq 1, quqsú-vaq 'edible plant'

North Alaskan Inupik: quqsuq- 1, 'stained'

NAI Dialects: PH quqsuq- 'brown'

WCI Dialects: Sig quqsuilʁaq 'old bear skin, yellow with age', Car quqsuqtuq 1 [Dor.]

Eastern Canadian Inupik: quʁsutaq 1

ECI Dialects: Lab qursuktaq* 'yellow thing', qursuk-* 1 [Peck], NBI, SB quʁsuqtuq 1

Greenlandic Inupik: quʁsuk 2

GRI Dialects: EG quʁsuq 2, NWG quʁsuq 1, Up quʁsuʁpalittuq 2, NG quχχuqpaluktuq 1

Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 319