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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *cɔ̃
Meaning: salt
Tsezi: cijo
Ginukh: čijo
Khvarshi: cĩjo
Inkhokvari: cĩjo
Bezhta: cã
Gunzib: cɔ̃
Comments: The PTs paradigm: *cɔ̃, obl. *cĩjo- ( > PGB *cɔ̃, *cĩjo-, cf. Gunz. cɔ̃, cĩjo-); in PTsKh the oblique base (PTsKh *cĩjo) replaced the direct one.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *c̣_wĕnhV ( ~ *c̣_ĕmhV)
Meaning: salt
Proto-West Caucasian: *ć̣ǝ Notes: The original form is probably *c̣_ĕmhV (the WC form shows no trace of labialisation), but most EC languages reflect a form with shifted labialisation. The PN form *tuχe is interesting: it may be related here only if we assume the suffixed nature of *-χe (which is semantically not clear); but in any case the development *tuχe < *cwVn-χV within PN is proved by an early Ossetian loan: cäχχ / cänχä 'salt'. The EC forms had been compared by several authors with PWC *ǯ́ǝ (/*č́ǝ) 'salt' (see Mészáros 1934, 287, Klimov 1969, 292, Abdokov 1983, 104); this is, however, not plausible for phonetic reasons, and the comparison with PWC *ć̣ǝ 'salty' seems preferable.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *tuχe
Meaning: salt
Chechen: tüχa
Ingush: tuχ
Batsbi: tujχĭ
Comments: 3d class in all languages.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-bcb,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *c̣:onʔi
Meaning: salt
Avar: c̣:am
Chadakolob: c̣am
Andian language: c̣:on
Akhvakh: c̣:ani
Chamalal: ṣā̃
Tindi: c:ā̃
Karata: c̣:ãji
Botlikh: c̣:ãʔi
Bagvalal: c̣:ãʔi
Godoberi: c:ãji
Comments: Av. paradigm B~C (gen. c̣:amú-l). Cf. also Akhv. Tseg., Tlan., Ratl. c̣:an, Cham. Gig. c̣:ãj, Kar. Tok. c̣:an etc.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: c̣ʷu
Meaning: salt
Lak form: c̣ʷu
Comments: 3d class. Obl. base c̣ʷi-. Cf. Khosr. c̣ʷu (c̣ʷuj-) id.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *c:e
Meaning: salt
Akusha: ze
Chiragh: c:e
Comments: Cf. also Ur. ʒi, Kub., Tsud., Kait. c:e etc.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,darget-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *ć̣ǝ
Meaning: salty
Abkhaz: a-c̣ā́
Abaza: c̣ʕa
Comments: PAT *ć̣ǝ-ʕa (cf. also Bzyb. a-ć̣ā́); *-ʕa is a frequent adjectival suffix.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *c̣wĕ́nhV
Meaning: salt
Comments and references : WFR 70; different in NSC 53. sccet-meaning,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *C[u]āj
Meaning: salt
Tibetan: chwa salt.
Burmese: ćhah salt, LB *chax.
Comments: PG *ca-, Kanauri tsha. Sh. 504, 124; Ben. 49; Luce 3.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-burm,stibet-comments,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 鹺
Modern (Beijing) reading: cuó
Preclassic Old Chinese: ʒ(h)āj
Classic Old Chinese: ʒ(h)āj
Western Han Chinese: ʒ(h)āj
Eastern Han Chinese: ʒ(h)ǟ
Early Postclassic Chinese: ʒ(h)ā
Middle Postclassic Chinese: ʒ(h)ā
Late Postclassic Chinese: ʒ(h)ā
Middle Chinese: ʒâ
English meaning : salt, salty [L.Zhou]
Russian meaning[s]: 1) крепко соленый; 2) соль
Radical: 197
Four-angle index: 99
Karlgren code: 0005 m
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *śami-n
Meaning: 1 bitter 2 pungent, piquant, spicy 3 hot-tempered, angry
Bizkaian: samin 1
Gipuzkoan: samin 1
Low Navarrese: samin 1, 2, 3
Salazarese: samin 3
Lapurdian: samin 1, 2
Baztanese: samin 2, 3
Zuberoan: samin 1, 2, 3
Comments: Aulestia & White cite the meanings: "n. pain, suffering, affliction. adj. bitter, sour. adj. painful, offensive, bitter, angry." Cf. PNC *c̣ĕmhV ~ *c̣wĕnhV ‘salt’. The semantic relation of ‘salt’ ~ ‘bitter’ ~ ‘sour’ is common: cf. Lett. sūrs ‘salt(y), bitter’, Lith. sūrus ‘salt(y)’ ~ Eng. sour, and other examples.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-bnv,basqet-sal,basqet-lab,basqet-bzt,basqet-zbr,basqet-comments,
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