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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *=ĩž- (~-ž:-)
Meaning: 1 to sow 2 seed
Tsezi: ʕeži 2
Ginukh: eži 2
Khvarshi: iž-a 1
Inkhokvari: ižu 2
Bezhta: =iž- 1
Gunzib: =ĩž- 1
Comments: The word for 'seed' in Tsezian languages (PTs *ʔĩž(:)V A, PTsKh *ʔižV [cf. also Inkh. ižu], PGB *ʔĩžu > Gunz. ĩžu, Bezht. ižo, dial. izo) is derived from the verb *=ĩž- 'to sow'. Cf. also another derivate: PTs *ʔĩž(:) 'sieve'> Gunz. ĩž [NB: there is a misprint - ĩz - in the MSU recording; correct is Bokarev's spelling], Bezht. ĩz, Tlad. ĩž, Khosh. iz, Gin. ez.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *=ämźŬ
Meaning: to plough, to sow
Proto-West Caucasian: *zʷa Notes: A common NC cultural term. The Darg. form is irregular (has a voiceless -c-) and may not belong here (it can reflect a contamination with PEC *-ōcV 'to mow' q.v.); all other correspondences are regular, and the etymology seems quite reliable.
caucet-meaning,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: zu-
Meaning: to work
Lak form: zu-n
Comments: Cf. Khosr. zu-n id.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *=acVn / =alc-
Meaning: to plough
Akusha: =alc-es
Comments: Cf. also Ur. =acVn / =alc- 'to plough'.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *ʔäc:a
Meaning: 1 to plough, to sow 2 tillage, arable field
Lezghian: c:a- 1
Tabasaran: u=z- 1
Agul: uz- 1
Rutul: =äza- 1
Tsakhur: eza- 1
Kryz: =iz- 1
Budukh: s-uz- 1
Archi: =ac:a- 1
Udi: ez 2
Comment: The verb belongs to the weak verb class in PL. Cf. also Lezg. pret. c:a-na, Tab. Düb. u=ʒ-, Ag. Bursh. uza-, Bud. dur. s-ize-ǯi, and the derivate PL *ʔic:an 'tillage' (Lezg. c:an, Tab. izan, Rut. Mishl. jiʒan, Bud. jizen). The root reveals a rare PL Ablaut type *ä/*i (as opposed to the much more often *i/*ä Ablaut). Cf. Лексика 1971, 170, 260.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-tab,lezget-agu,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-bud,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *zʷa
Meaning: 1 to harrow 2 to plough
Abaza: žʷžʷa-ra 1
Adyghe: ź̌a-n 2
Kabardian: va-n 2
Ubykh: zʷa- 2
Comments: PAK *zʷa-; Ub. 1 p. a-sǝ́-zʷa-n. Despite Shagirov 1,106 the AK verb has nothing to do with *c:ʷǝ 'ox'.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-aba,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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