Telugu etymology : List with all references

Proto-Telugu : *adal-

Meaning : to start, be alarmed or afraid

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : adalu

Additional forms : Also [1] adalincu, [2] adalucu, [3] adalupu, [4] adalpu to frighten, rebuke, reproach; [1] adalupu, [2] adalpu frightening, rebuke; adiri-paḍu to start, be alarmed; adiri-pāṭu a start, alarm; adv. suddenly, unexpectedly

Notes : Possibly the same as *adar-, but this is not totally obvious. Some interaction between Kannaḍa and Telugu is not excluded either.

Number in DED : 137

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *adáḷ-

Meaning : to start, be alarmed

Proto-South Dravidian: *adaḷ-

Proto-Telugu : *adal-

Notes : Joined by Burrow & Emeneau with *adír- 'to shake, tremble'. If we think of the original root as *ad- with later suffixal additions, this is quite probable. However, the fact of there being two phonologically different stems cannot be denied (cf. Tamil atir vs. ataṭṭu < *ataḷ-tu; Tel. adaru vs. adalu), and although the meanings are not always differentiated (cf., however, the differentiation in Telugu), this is sufficient evidence for at least granting them two different entries. // Present in 2/6 branches.

South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *adaḷ-

Meaning : to rebuke, scold, reprimand

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : ataṭṭu (ataṭṭi-)

Tamil meaning : to rebuke authoritatively, frighten with a vehement or sudden noise; n. rebuke, ranting

Tamil derivates : atampu (atampi-) to speak intemperately, rebuke; atakaṭi menace, threat, hectoring

Malayalam : ataṭṭuka

Malayalam meaning : to rebuke, reprimand, frighten with sudden noise

Kannada : adaṭu

Kannada meaning : to tremble, shake; to scold, reprimand, menace

Kannada derivates : adapu to speak intemperately, reprove

Tulu : addalipuni

Tulu meaning : to rebuke, frighten

Notes : Burrow & Emeneau place this in the same entry with *adir- 'to shake, tremble, intimidate, etc.'. While the semantic link is possible (atir also has the meaning 'rebuke'), the morphological ties are harder to understand. The form ataṭṭu is an obvious causative, but it cannot be from *adir-tu (which should have yielded Tamil atirttu); it can only be from *adaḷ-tu. The stem *adaḷ- is not, however, attested directly; there is Tulu addalipuni, with an unclear geminate, and possibly also Kan. adalu 'to tremble', if -l- dial. < *-ḷ-. As for the other Tamil forms, atampu (= Kan. adapu) < *adaḷ-mbu; atakaṭi is an unclear expressive formation.

Number in DED : 0137