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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ḳaṗV
Meaning: vessel
References: МССНЯ 366; ND 986 *Ḳab(iʔ)V 'wickerwork, bag, vessel'; 1122 *ḲaP_(V)Sa 'box' (Lat. capsa = TM *xapsa); also 1905 *q̇Ubʕ[E] 'basket'. The FU form is put by Dolg. into ND 1115 *ḲuṗV 'trunk, log' - which hardly exists. nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
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Indo-European etymology :
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Proto-IE: *kap-
Meaning: a k. of vessel
Old Indian: kapā́la- m., n. `cup, jar, dish; skull'; kapaṭī f. `measure equal to the capacity of two hands joined' (L.)
Other Iranian: MPers kapārak `Gefäss', kapolī 'Kniescheibe'
Old Greek: kápǟ f. `Krippe'
Latin: capis, -idis f. `Henkelschale, Opferschale des Pontifex; Schöpf- und Trinkgefäss', capēdō, -inis f. `einfaches tönernes Gefäss im Opfergebrauch', capula f. `kleine Henkelschale ; Schöpfgefäss', capulus m. `Bahre, Sarg', capula Schöpfgefäss, capsa f. `Behältnis, Kapsel, Kasten'
Other Italic: Umbr kapiře `capidi', capif `capides'
Celtic: MIr cap(p) `Fuhrwerk, Bahre'
Albanian: kapasε
Russ. meaning: сосуд
Comments: In Pok. also under *kap- 'grab'.
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-iran,piet-greek,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-ital,piet-celt,piet-alb,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,piet-comment,
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Germanic etymology :
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Proto-Germanic: *xáfana-z, *xafala-z
Meaning: vessel
Old English: hafela (hafala, heafela, heafola), -an m. `head'
Old Saxon: havan `Topf'
Old High German: havan m. (10.Jh.) `Topf', havanāri `Häfner, Töpfer' (9.Jh.)
Middle High German: haven st. m. 'hafen, topf'
German: obd. Hafen m. `Gefäss, Topf'
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-oengl,germet-osax,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,
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Pokorny's dictionary :
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Number: 843
Root: kap-ut, -(ē̆)lo-
English meaning: head; pan, etc.
German meaning: `Kopf; Pfanne am Schenkel; Kniescheibe'
General comments: ursprüngl. etwa `Schalenförmiges', s. unten
Material: Ai. kapúcchala- n. (aus *kaput-) `Haar am Hinterkopf, Schopf, Schale'; lat. caput, -itis `Kopf, Haupt'; bi-caps `zweiköpfig';
anord. hǫfuð n. `Haupt'; im Germ. daneben got. haubiþ `Haupt, Kopf', anord. haufuð, ags. hēafod, ahd. houbit, nhd. Haupt durch Verquickung mit einem zu ai. kakúbh- f. `Spitze, Gipfel', ahd. hūba `Haube' usw. (vgl. keu-2) gehörigen Worte; kret. κύφερον ἤ κυφήν κεφαλήν Hes.
Mit l-Suffixen: ai. kapā́la- n. `Schale, Hirnschale, Schädel, Pfanne am Schenkel, schalen- oder scherbenförmiger Knochen', pehl. kapārak (Scheftelowitz BB. 28, 144) `Gefäß', kapōlī `Kniescheibe', kapōla- m. `Wange';
ags. hafola `Kopf'.
Fraglich ist Zugehörigkeit von lat. capillus `Haar, bes. Haupthaar', siehe WH. I 158.
References: WP. I 346 f., WH. I 158, 163 f.
Pages: 529-530
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-comments,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *k`àp`à
Meaning: a k. of vessel, box
Russian meaning: вид сосуда, ящик
Comments: Владимирцов 206, Tekin 1979, 127. Despite a widespread point of view (see e.g. ЭСТЯ 5, 277), Mong. can hardly be < Turk. The root (especially in the Turk.-Mong. area) is liable to mergers with *k`i̯ubu 'coffin' and *k`ăp`ù 'barrier' q. v. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *Kapɨrčak, *Kapsak
Meaning: 1 box, coffin 2 basket
Russian meaning: 1 ящик, гроб 2 корзина
Karakhanid: qapɨrčaq 1,2 (MK) Turkish: koburčuk, dial. kapurǯak 1, dial. kabzak, kabsak 2
Middle Turkic: qabɨrčaq (IM), qaburčuq (AH) Turkmen: Gapɨrǯaq 1
Comments: EDT 587, ЭСТЯ 5, 276-278. Tekin (1979, 127) cites Uygh. qapɨz 'coffin', but we were unable to find the word either in Old or Mod. Uyghur. Perhaps he meant Karakh. xafsɨ 'small box' (MK, see EDT 587). Brockelmann derived the word from Lat. capsa through Syr. qafsā, but a loan in Turkic < Syr. is not quite probable, and the word might well be genuine. But modern forms: Tur. dial. kapsa 'box, chest', (CCum.) qapsa 'box, coffin' may well be < Syr. (cf. ЭСТЯ 5, 277). turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-chg,turcet-trm,turcet-chv,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *kaɣurčag, *kajirčag
Meaning: small box, chest
Russian meaning: маленький ящик
Written Mongolian: qaɣurčaɣ, qajirčaɣ (L 914) Khalkha: xūrcag, xaircag
Buriat: xūrcag 'coffin'
Kalmuck: xūrcǝɣ 'grosser Kasten'
Ordos: xǟrčaG
Dongxian: xaʒɨ
Shary-Yoghur: χairǯaG
Monguor: xāǯǝ
Comments: MGCD 317. Mong. > Oyr. qajirčaq etc., see ЭСТЯ 5, 277-278. monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dun,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *xapsa
Meaning: 1 box 2 bag 3 delved boat
Russian meaning: 1 ящик, коробка 2 сумка 3 лодка-долбленка
Evenki: awsa 1, 2
Even: awsъ̣ 2
Negidal: awfsak 1
Literary Manchu: absa 1, 3
Orok: χapsaw 2
Comments: ТМС 1, 9. Man. > Nan. apsā̃, Oroch absa. The Orok form quite clearly shows PTM *x-, so it is hardly probable that Mong. absa 'coffin' is borrowed from < Manchu) - despite the widespread idea of TM < Mong. and Mong. < Turk. (see, e.g., Clark 1977, 148, Sinor 1995). tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *kàpì
Meaning: scoop, ladle, spoon
Russian meaning: черпак, ложка
Old Japanese: kapji
Middle Japanese: kàfì
Comments: JLTT 433 (unjustly united with kapji 'egg, shell'). japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-comments,
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Uralic etymology :
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Number: 246
Proto: *kappV
English meaning: a k. of tree
German meaning: eine Baumart, die man bearbeiten Kann: Pappel, Espe, Tanne
Udmurt (Votyak): ki̮pi̮ (S) 'Klotz, Baumstamm', (G) kị̑pị̑ 'Klotz' ?
Khanty (Ostyak): χap (O), χɔp (Kaz.) 'Kahn', χapjuχ (O) 'Espe', χɔpjŭχ (Kaz.) id. ?
Mansi (Vogul): qāp-jiv 'Tanne', χāpχä, χapɣä, χapχä-jiu̯, χappä (N), k͔`ö̮ppä 'Pappel', kɛ̮̄p (TJ), χāp (KU So.), kē̮p (P) 'Kahn'
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-udm,uralet-khn,uralet-man,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *ḳuṗr-
English meaning: wine-skin
Georgian: ḳuṗrieli
Svan: ḳuṗr
Notes and references: ND 986.
kartet-prnum,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-sva,kartet-notes,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *kapal-
Meaning : ship
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *kapal
Meaning : ship
Tamil : kappal
Tamil meaning : ship, sailing vessel
Malayalam : kappal
Malayalam meaning : ship
Tulu : kappalụ
Tulu meaning : ship
Number in DED : 1219
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-kt,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *kapal
Meaning : boat
Toda : kopol
Number in DED : 1219
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-toda,ktet-dednum,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *kappal-i
Meaning : ship
Telugu : kappali
Number in DED : 1219
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-dednum,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : KVPV
Meaning : vessel
Austric : PAA *kVp jar
African (misc.) : Cf. Bantu *-káp- 'bale out (water)'.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,globet-afr,globet-reference,
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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ḳab-
Meaning: vessel
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-sem,afaset-egy,afaset-wch,
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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 1715
Proto-Semitic: *ḳab-
Meaning: 'goblet'
Akkadian: qabūtu
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-akk,
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Egyptian etymology :
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Old Egyptian: ḳby
Meaning: 'mug' (MK)
Notes: Suffix -y?
egyet-prnum,egyet-meaning,egyet-notes,
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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *k(w)aḅ- < *ḳ(w)ab-
Meaning: 'basket' 1, 'water pot' 2
Jimi: kwàḅa 2 [Cs N 173]
Sha: kaḅá 1 [JgR]
Daffo-Butura: kàḅá 1 [JgR]
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-jim,wchet-sha,wchet-dfb,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *qwā́ṗā
Meaning: vessel
Sino-Tibetan: OC 榼 *khāp 'wooden cup'
Comments and references : HGC 32, NSC 56 *qAṗV. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *q_wāṗā
Meaning: pot, vessel
Notes: Although the word is cultural, and there was active interlingual borrowing (among the forms listed above Av. q:abá may represent a loan from Nakh, and Darg. qaba - from Avar), there is little doubt in its PNC antiquity; minor phonetic aberrations are easily explained by the root structure with two stops, leading to assimilative/dissimilative processes. It must have denoted a big wooden vessel (hence the meaning 'boat' in PWC), with a secondary development > 'earthenware vessel' (PN, PA). The meaning 'sack, bag' in PL is obviously secondary, possibly under Turkic influence - nevertheless, PL *χ(:)ʷap: can not be regarded as a loan from Turkic *kap (the initial fricative χ- can not render Turk. k-).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Nakh etymology :
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Proto-Nakh: *qāṗa
Meaning: earthenware pot
Chechen: qāba
Ingush: qaba
Comments: 4th class in both languages.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-comment,
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Avar-Andian etymology :
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Protoform: *q:apa ( ~ o)
Meaning: pot
Avar: q:abá
Bagvalal: q:apa
Comments: Av. q:abá can be a loanword from Nakh; however, the Bagv. word is probably genuine (-p- can not be explained otherwise). Av. (or Nakh) > And., Inkh. qaba 'jar'.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-bgv,aandet-comment,
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Tsezian etymology :
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Proto-Tsezian: *χ:upa ( ~-o-,χ:ʷi-)
Meaning: scoop
Inkhokvari: χIupa
Comments: Attested only in Inkh., but having probable external parallels.
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-inh,cezet-comment,
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Dargwa etymology :
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Proto-Dargwa: *qaba
Meaning: vase
Akusha: qaba
Comments: Cf. also Ur., Tsud. qaba 'a k. of pot'.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *χ(:)ʷap:
Meaning: sack, bag
Rutul: χʷab
Tsakhur: χab-ǵä
Kryz: χeb
Comment: Suffixation in Tsakh. is not quite clear.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *Gǝba ( ~ -p:-)
Meaning: boat, vessel
Abkhaz: á-ʁba
Abaza: ʁba
Ubykh: ʁǝbá
Comments: PAT *ɣǝba; Ub. def. á-ʁba.
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-abk,abadet-aba,abadet-ubk,abadet-comment,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *qä(ʔ)p (~-b)
Meaning: boat (made of birch bark)
Ket: qaʔp, pl. qa:ŋ3 (Werner 2, 79)
Yug: xaʔp / xap
Kottish: xep, *xēp, khep, pl. xapaŋ; Ass. (М.) xajp
Comments: ССЕ 257. Werner 2, 79 <*qaph>.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-kot,yenet-notes,
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Basque etymology :
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Proto-Basque: *gopo-r̄
Meaning: small earthen bowl
Low Navarrese: gopor, gophor
Lapurdian: gopor
Comments: Alternatively, cf. PEC *gä̆ṗē 'a kind of vessel'.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bnv,basqet-lab,basqet-comments,
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