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Afroasiatic etymology :
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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *carw-
Meaning: elder, chief
afaset-meaning,afaset-sem,afaset-brb,afaset-egy,afaset-wch,afaset-ech,
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Semitic etymology :
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Number: 16
Proto-Semitic: *sVrw(-ay)- ~ (?) *sVran-
Meaning: '(military) chief, prince'
Ugaritic: Cf. srn 'prince' (DUL, 770)
Hebrew: Cf. sǝrānīm 'Stadtfürsten' (pl.) (KB deutsch, 727)
Arabic: sarīr- 'dignité royale, royauté' BK I 1076, sarw- 'chef, prince', srw 'ê. genéreux et d'un caractère mâle' BK I 1085
Epigraphic South Arabian: Sab s1rwyt 'campaigning force' (considered a Gz loanword by Müller) (SD, 128)
Geʕez (Ethiopian): sarwe 'army, troops; military leader; virile, robust' (LGz 515)
Tigre: sǝrot, pl. särwat 'relation, tribe, kind' (LH, 178)
Tigrai (Tigriñña): särawit 'army' (KT, 678)
Amharic: särwe 'leader' (LGz 515, K 491) (< Gz?)
East Ethiopic: Zwy. ṭor särawit 'army' (LGur, 563)
Gurage: End ṭōr särawit, So sǝrayǝt 'army' (LGur, 563)
Notes: Highly problematic. Ugr and Hbr are considered non-Sem loanwords. Arb is otherwise related to Akk šarru 'king' < Sem *šarr- < Afras *sarr-.
semet-proto,semet-prnum,semet-meaning,semet-uga,semet-hbr,semet-ara,semet-sar,semet-gzz,semet-tgr,semet-tgy,semet-amh,semet-east,semet-gur,semet-notes,
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Berber etymology :
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Proto-Berber: *zVwVr-
Meaning: 'precede, be the first'
Ayr: ǝžwǝr
Ahaggar (Tahaggart): ǝhwǝr
Tawllemmet: ǝžwǝr
Taneslemt: ǝšwǝr
Qabyle (Ayt Mangellat): zwir
brbet-prnum,brbet-meaning,brbet-ayr,brbet-ahg,brbet-twl,brbet-tsl,brbet-qbl,
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Egyptian etymology :
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Old Egyptian: sr (pyr)
Meaning: 'high official, elder'
egyet-prnum,egyet-meaning,
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West Chadic etymology :
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Proto-WChadic: *car(am)-
Meaning: 'chief'
Warji: cārá [SNb ]
Daffo-Butura: sàràm [JR]
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-wrj,wchet-dfb,
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East Chadic etymology :
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Proto-EChadic: *sVr- (<*n-sVr-)
Meaning: 'adult'
Tumak: ́sǝ̄rí [Cp]
Notes: Ch *s-> Tum h-, *ns- > s-, for initial prefix cf. CCh Mafa nʒar- `be older then (person, thing)' [BMaf] (nʒ- < *nc- is normal).
echet-prnum,echet-meaning,echet-tum,echet-notes,
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