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Indo-European etymology : Search within this database Total of 3178 records 159 pages
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Back: 1 Forward: 1 20 50 100 \data\ie\piet
Proto-IE: *as-er/n-, *es-er/n- <PIH *esH-er/n->
Meaning: blood
Hittite: eshar, ishar gen. e/ishanas (Tischler 112ff)
Tokharian: A ysār, B yasar `Blut' (PT *yäsār) (Adams 487)
Old Indian: ásr̥k, instr. asr̥jā, gen. asnáḥ `blood'; postved. asra- n. id.
Armenian: ariun `Blut'
Old Greek: éar, ẹ̄̂ar, ē̂ar n. `Blut' (Lehnw. < anat. íkhōr)
Latin: aser, OLat assyr n. `Blut', assarātum `ein Trank aus Wein und Blut gemischt' [sanguis - most probably also here < *asen-gʷ-]
Russ. meaning: кровь
Comments: Cf. also *sān- 'blood; health'.
Proto-IE: *(a)sker-
Meaning: worm, grasshopper, lizard
Old Greek: askarís, -ídos f. `Eingeweidewurm, Springwurm, Stechmückenlarve'; skarís, -ídos f. = askarís Hsch.
Albanian: hárdhje, pl. hárdhje `lizard'
Russ. meaning: жаба (гад)
References: WP II 566 f
Proto-IE: *(a)skʷal-, *kʷal-
Meaning: a k. of big fish; whale
Avestan: kara- `a mythical fish'
Old Greek: áspalos = ikhtǘs (Athaman.) Hsch.; aspaliéu̯-s 'angler'
Latin: squalus, -ī `ein grösserer Meerfisch, Meersaugfisch ?'
Russ. meaning: рыба - кит
Proto-IE: *(a)sparag-, *(a)sprāg- (-ph-)
Meaning: sprout
Old Indian: sphūrja-, sphū́rjaka- m. `a k. of plant (Diospyros Embryopteris, Strychnos etc. (L.)'
Avestan: sparǝɣa- '"Spross" von den Widerhaken unterhalb der Pfeilspitze', fra-sparǝɣa- `Schössling, Zweig'
Old Greek: aspárago-s, asphárago-s m. `junger Trieb; Spargel'
Russ. meaning: побег
Proto-IE: *ast- <PIH *a->
Meaning: sin, cunning
Hittite: astajaratar n. (r/n) 'Sünde?', astanijawar n. (r/n) 'etwas Ungünstiges, Schicksalsschlag' (Tischler 86)
Latin: astus, -us 'List, Finte'
Russ. meaning: грех, хитрость
References: Tischler 86.
Proto-IE: *aster-
Meaning: a k. of bird
Old Greek: asteríǟs, gen. -ọ̄ m. 'a bird, perh. Ardea stellaris; a k. of hawk'
Russ. meaning: птица (ястреб)
Proto-IE: *(a)ster- <PIH *H->
Meaning: star
Hittite: haster- c. 'Stern' (Tischler 204ff); astira- c. 'Stern?' (Tischler 86)
Tokharian: A śre (pl. śreñ), B śćirye (PT *śćäriye) 'star' (Adams 640)
Old Indian: pl. nom. str̥ṇas, tāras, gen. str̥ṇām, instr. stŕ̥bhiṣ m. `star'; tarā f. Stern }
Avestan: acc. stā̆rǝm, gen. stārō, pl. staras-ča, stārō, acc. strǝ̄us, gen. strǝ̄n, dat. stǝrǝbyō 'Stern'
Armenian: astɫ, gen. asteɫ `Stern, Gestirn'
Old Greek: astḗr, -éros, pl. ástra `Stern'; asteropǟ́ f. `Blitz', steropǟ́, astrapǟ́ `id.'
Latin: stēlla f. `Stern'
Celtic: Bret sterenn, Corn sterenn (pl. steyr), Cymr seren `Stern'
Russ. meaning: звезда
Proto-IE: *(a)swel-
Meaning: brother-in-law
Old Greek: pl. aélioi̯, ai̯élioi̯ 'brothers-in-law, whose wives are sisters' Eust., EM, aílioi = sǘŋgambroi Hsch.; pl. eilíones 'id' Pollux (LS 486: Prob. metri gr. for *elíones, cf. aélioi)
Russ. meaning: свояк
Proto-IE: *at / *et
Meaning: prep./adv.: from; but
Tokharian: A atas, B ate 'away' (Adams 10)
Old Indian: ataḥ 'from there', ati- 'beyond, over'
Avestan: aiti- (adv., pvrb.) 'dass.'
Other Iranian: OPers atiy- 'beyond, over'
Old Greek: atár 'however'; éti 'überdies, noch'
Latin: at 'aber' (< 'darüber-hinaus'); at-avus, at-nepos; et 'und, auch'
Other Italic: Umbr, Paelign et 'und'
Celtic: *ati- 'über-hinaus; zurück, wieder': Gaul ate- in Ategnātus, MBret (h)aznat, NBret anat 'bekannt'; OBret Ate-cotti, OIr aith-, (vortonig) ad- 'wieder, ent-', MCymr at-, NCymr ad-, ed-
Russ. meaning: от, прочь (нареч.); но
Proto-IE: *ata, *atta <PIH *a->
Meaning: father
Hittite: atta- c., Lyd. ata- (Tischler 92)
Other Iranian: Osset äda `Vater'
Old Greek: voc. átta `Väterchen'
Latin: atta m. `Vater; Kosewort der Kinder dem Vater gegenüber'
Celtic: MIr aite `Pflegevater'
Albanian: at `Vater'
Russ. meaning: отец
References: WP I 44, Buck 103
Proto-IE: *at-, *ad-
Meaning: skin, cover
Old Indian: átka- m. `armour, mail, garment'
Avestan: aδka-, at_ka- m. `Oberkleid, Mantel'
Old Greek: áttomai, diázdomai̯ `das Gewebe anzetten', diázdomai̯ `ziehe die Kettenfäden auf den Webstuhl auf, webe', ásma, díasma n. `Kettenfaden', ǟ́trio-n n. `Aufzug des Gewebes, Kettenfaden', hom. pl. epǟ́trimoi̯ `dicht nebeneinander'; askó-s 'abgezogene Haut, daraus gefertigter lederner Schlauch'
Russ. meaning: шкура, покрышка
Proto-IE: *at-/*et-
Meaning: a k. of freshwater fish
Old Greek: ételis / etelís m. (f.) `eine Art Meerfisch (Goldbrasse?)'
Latin: attilus, -ī m. `ein störähnlicher grosser Fisch im Po'
Russ. meaning: рыба (пресноводная)
Proto-IE: *atn-o-
Meaning: year
Latin: annus, -ī `Jahr'
Russ. meaning: год
Proto-IE: *(a)tor[e]kʷ-, *(a)trēkʷ-
Meaning: to twist; spindle
Old Indian: tarku- m. n. `spindle'
Old Greek: átrakto-s m. (/f.) `Spindel; Pfeil'
Latin: torqueō, -ēre, torsī, tortum `drehen, winden; verdrehen; martern'; torquēs, -is f. `Halskette; Blumenkete', tortus, -a `gedrehet; verfänglich'; tortor, -ōris m. `Folterknecht, Schinder, Bedränger'; tormentum, -ī n. `Seil zum Aufwinden; Fesel; Wurfmaschine; Folter; Folterwerkzeug; Marter, Plage'; pl. tormina n. `Leibschmerz, bes. Ruhr', torculum, -ī n. `Presse, Kelter'
Albanian: tjerr `spinnen'
Russ. meaning: крутить; веретено
Proto-IE: *(a)tug(')- <PIH *H->
Meaning: to frighten
Hittite: hatuki- `schrecklich, furchtbar'
Old Greek: atǘzdō, -omai̯, aor. atǘksai̯, ps. atükhthẹ̄́s `erschrecken'
Albanian: tus `erschrecken'
Russ. meaning: пугать
Comments: Greek atǘzdō seems to be borrowed < Anat.
Proto-IE: *au
Meaning: prep./adv.: from
Hittite: awan 'neben, daneben; ganz weg' (Tischler 98-99)
Old Indian: áva- 'off, away, down' (pref., prep.); ávara- 'inferior'; avár, aváḥ 'downwards'
Avestan: ava 'herab; worauf zu, heran' (praef., praep.); aorā̆ 'nach unten, hinab'; adv. avarǝ 'hinab, herab'
Other Iranian: OPers ava 'herab'
Old Greek: ? au̯- in aukháttein = anakhoreîn, anakházesthai Hsch.
Latin: au- 'fort' (auferō, aufugiō); vē- zur Bezeichnung eines fehlerhaften Zuviel oder Zuwenig (vēcors, vēgrandis etc.)
Celtic: OIr ō, ūa 'von, mit, durch'
Russ. meaning: от, прочь
References: WP I 13 f
Proto-IE: *aug-
Meaning: sun-rays; sun-side, south
Old Greek: au̯gǟ́́ f. `Lichtstrahl; Licht, Glanz'
Albanian: agój tage, agume Morgenröte, Morgen
Russ. meaning: лучи солнца; солнечная сторона, юг
Proto-IE: *aug'h-en-
Meaning: back of the head
Old Indian: uṣṇíhā f. 'Genick' (nur pl.) (-iha = Greek -ikho/-ā Deminutivsuffix)
Armenian: awǯ 'Kehle', awǯi-k 'Halskragen'
Old Greek: au̯khḗn, -énos m. `Nacken, Hals; Land-, Meerzunge'
Russ. meaning: затылок
Proto-IE: *Auk-
Meaning: to cry
Slavic: *ūkъ (SrbCr ùk 'Geschrei',ùka 'ds.'; Slvn ûk 'Jauchzen')
Russ. meaning: кричать
References: Fraenkel 14
Proto-IE: *aukʷ- (-kʷh-)
Meaning: oven, cooking pot
Old Indian: ukhá- m., ukhā́ f. `boiler, caldron, vessel'
Old Greek: ipnó-s Hdt., Hp., Antiph., Diph.Siph., Semon., Ar., etc., {att. (Arst.) ípno-s - not found!} m. `Ofen; Küche; Laterne'
Latin: aulla, aula f. `Topf, Hafen'; dem. auxilla `olla, parvula'
Russ. meaning: сосуд (горшок для варки пищи, печь)
Comments: Not here: Prus wumpnis `Backofen' V. 331, umnode `Backhaus'.
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Total of 3178 records 159 pages
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