Protoform: *ƛ̣a
Meaning: 1 up, above 2 locative suffix (of series Super)
Avar: ṭa-d 1, -d- 2
Andian language: -ƛ̣a 2
Akhvakh: -ƛ̣- 2 (S.-Akhv.)
Chamalal: hi-la-h 1 (Gig.)
Tindi: -la 2
Karata: -ƛ̣a 2
Botlikh: -0- 2
Bagvalal: -la 2
Godoberi: -la 2
Comments: Cf. also Av. Ants. ƛ̣a-d 'up, above'; in the function of the locative morpheme voiced -d- is also secondary in Av. (dialects have regular reflexes -ṭ, -ʔ or -l). The adverbial usage (cf. also Av. ṭá-s:a "up, from above"; And. hi-la, Akhv. ƛ̣a-do 'up, above') clearly reflects the original status of the morpheme as a locative adverb (particle).
