Number: 2209
Proto-Semitic: *ša/ipūl- ~ šapil- {} *sa/ipūl- ~ *sapil-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: lower parts of body; thigh, legs; belly, stomach
Akkadian: šapūlu, šapullu 'upper or inner thigh' OB on; [CAD š1 492], [AHw 1177]
Hebrew: PB šippūl 'lower part, extremity' [Ja 1566]. Note šippūlē mēʕayim 'lower part of the abdomen' [ibid.]
Judaic Aramaic: šplyn (pl.) 'lower parts' [Sok 564]. Corresponds to HBR yark_ā in the meaning 'backside' [KB 405]
Mandaic Aramaic: šipula 'lower part of skirt; sexual parts, lower parts of abdomen' [DM 462]
Arabic: ʔas-sāfilat- 'parties basses du corps, cul' [BK 1 1102] (1st stem active participle with the ʔal- article), safil-at- 'pieds (du chameau)' [ibid]. Cf. mišfalat- 'gésier, jabot (d'oiseau); estomac' [BK 1 1250], with š instead of the expected s (š- <*ŝ-, "lateralization" <*s- influenced by -l?)
Tigre: šǝnfǝlla 'one of ruminant's four stomachs' [LH 221]. Cf. šefle 'having large feet' [LH 231]
Tigrai (Tigriñña): šǝnfǝlla 'centopelle ventricolo dei ruminanti' [Bass 234]
Amharic: šǝnfǝlla 'second stomach of a ruminant, tripe' [K 649]
East Ethiopic: ZWY šǝnfǝlla 'small stomach of ruminants' [LGur 581]
Gurage: GOG SOD šǝnfǝl do. [ibid.]
Mehri: hōfǝl 'belly, stomach' [JM 153]
Jibbali: šɔ́fǝl 'belly' [JJ 260]
Harsusi: hōfel 'belly' [JH 50]
Soqotri: QADHUB dǝ-bǝ-šáfǝl 'ce qui est dans le ventre: entrailles avec excréments' [SSL LS 1475]
Notes: Obviously from SEM *špl 'to be low'. However, nominal derivatives with related meanings in nearly all groups of SEM point to the anatomic term(s) as early as in PSEM. Probably at least two of them developed from the verb 'to be low' independently from each other, one meaning 'thigh, leg': AKK šapūlu, šapullu 'upper or inner thigh', ARB safil-at- 'pieds (du chameau)'; the other meaning "stomach, belly": HBR PB, MND, probably ARB mišfalat- 'gésier, jabot (d'oiseau); estomac', all ETH and MSA examples. Cf. different forms in ARM derived from this root or directly from *špl 'to be low': JUD šippūlā 'extremety, bottom, train' [Ja 1556] and SYR šǝpōlā 'pes (montis); fundamenta' [Brock 795].
Note an unusual five radical noun pattern šǝnfǝlla in ETH, with a secondary -n and doubling of the last radical not typical of SEM (except AKK).
Note MOD ETH (TGR, TNA, AMH, END) *sambar- 'stomach, part of the stomach' [LGur 546] (a variant root?).
[Holma 161-2]: AKK, ARB (sāfilat-, safilat-)
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