Semitic etymology : Query result

Number: 2483

Proto-Semitic: *našr-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: eagle, vulture

Akkadian: našru 'eagle' SB [CAD n2 79], [AHw. 761]. Hapax in Hg. C I 26 (MSL 8/2 172): [Á]^te-[e] = e-ru-ú = na-áš-ru (according to [CAD], "našru is a late replacement for erû 'eagle'"). See further [Salonen Vögel 234] as well as a spe- cial study [Von Soden 1957-8 393].

Ugaritic: nšr 'ave de presa, convencionalmente águila o halcón' [DLU 593]. A well attested term. Most of the examples are concentrated in 1.18-19, the Aqhat Legend: ʕl bt ʔabh nšrm trḫpn // ybṣr ḥbl dʔiym 'on her father's house eagles were hovering // a flock of kites was looking [for prey]' 1.19 I 32; knp nšrm bʕl yt_br 'bʕl broke the wings of the eagles' 1.19 III 8 (cf. 1.19 III 13); yḥd hrgb ʔab nšrm 'he saw hrgb, father of the eagles' 1.19 III 15 (cf. 1.19 III 29). The term is used twice in comparisons: (trtḳṣ bd bʕl // km nšr bʔuṣbʕh 'it sprang in bʕl's hands // like an eagle, in his fingers' 1.2 IV 21 and tštn knšr bḥbšh // km dʔiy btʕrth 'she put him on her belt as an eagle // as a kite on her sheath' 1.18 IV 28). In the difficult passage 1.13.8 nšrm may be metaforically used for 'warriors' (apparently pa- ralleled by mhrm 'soldiers').

Hebrew: näšär 'eagle, vulture' [KB 731], pB. [Ja 942]. The main term for 'bird of prey', discussed in [Firmage 1158] and [TDOT X 77ff.]. The translation 'vulture' (Gyps fulvus) seems to be supported by Mi 1.16 where n. is described as bald: ḳorḥī wāgōzzī ʕal-bǝnē taʕănūgāyik // harḥībī ḳorḥātēk kannäšär kī gālū mimmēk 'become bald, cut your hair because of your most beloved sons // make your bald spot wide like a vulture since they are taken away from you'. In Lv 11.13 and Dt 14.12 n. appears among the birds prohibited for food.

Aramaic: D.-Alla nšr(t) 'birds of prey' [HJ 765-6]. Clearly attested in I.8: ky ss ʕgr ḥrpt nšr 'now, a swift reproaches an eagle' (see [Hackett 47] for details). A form nšrt appears in the same line (drr nšrt ywn wṣpr) and is interpreted as 'birds of prey' in [HJ 766] (but cf. [Hackett 49] where it is understood as a verbal form meaning 'to tear'). Nab. nšr 'eagle' [HJ 765]. Htr. nšr 'eagle' [HJ 765] (as a name of a deity, see [Aggou- la 195]). Dem. nšr 'eagle' [HJ 1261]. Sam. nšr 'a bird' [Tal 552] (nsr [ibid. 535] is an Arabism).

Biblical Aramaic: nǝšar id. [KB 1935]. In Da 4.30 (ʕad dī ŝaʕrēh kǝnišrīn rǝbā 'until his hair grew like [that of] eagles') and 7.4 (gappīn dī nǝšar lah 'his wings are those of an eagle').

Judaic Aramaic: nǝšar (det. nišrā) 'eagle' [Ja. 942], [Levy WTM III 455]; nǝširtā 'birds of prey' [ibid. 940], nšr (det. nišrā) id. [Sok. 362].

Syrian Aramaic: nešrā 'aquila' [Brock 451], [PS 2479].

Mandaic Aramaic: nišra 'eagle, falcon' [DM 300].

Arabic: nasr- 'vautour' [BK 2 1248], nusāriyy- 'aigle' [ibid. 1249], [LA V 204] (also nisr-).

Epigraphic South Arabian: Hdr. ns₁r 'aigle' [Pirenne 74]. Hapax in RES 4698/1: s₁ḳny wt_lʔ mrʔs₁ s₁yn d_ʔlm ns₁r ṣlfhn ns₁r ʔtw hs₁ bn s₂ʔmt 'he dedicated and handed over to his lord s₁yn d_ʔlm and eagle [made of] the ṣlfhn-material (?), an eagle which was brought to him from the North' (what is meant may be an eagle statue brought from a North Arabian place and dedicated as a votive object to the god Sin, see details in [Sima 127ff.]).

Geʕez (Ethiopian): nǝsr 'eagle, vulture, hawk' [LGz. 403].

Tigre: nǝsǝr, näsǝr 'eagle' [LH 325].

Tigrai (Tigriñña): nǝsri 'aquila' [Bass. 441].

Amharic: nǝsǝr (näsar) 'hawk, eagle' [K 1023].

Mehri: nōhǝr 'big bird' [JM 290].

Jibbali: núšer, nuser [Bittner IV 55] (not in [JJ]).

Soqotri: nóyhir 'oiseau' [LS 260].

Notes: [Fron. 295]: *našr- 'aquila' (Gez., Arb., Syr., Hbr.); [KB 731]: Hbr., Ugr., Arm., Arb., Akk., ESA, Eth. (without speci- fying the language); [LGz. 403]: Gez., Eth., Arb., Soq., Hbr., Arm., Akk., Ugr.; [LS 260]: Soq., ESA, Arb., Hbr., Gez., Akk.; [DLU 336]: Ugr., Hbr., Arb., Akk.; [Firmage 1154]: Akk., Hbr., Ugr.....