Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *jugak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a k. of water bird (diver, goose)

Russian meaning: вид водной птицы (гагара, гусь)

Karakhanid: juɣaq (MK,KB)

Comments: VEWT 243, EDT 901, Лексика 171.

Proto-Turkic: *jugur- ( ~ -ɨ-)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to knead

Russian meaning: месить

Old Turkic: joɣur- (juɣur-) (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: juɣur- (MK)

Turkish: jour-

Middle Turkic: juɣur- (MA, Houts.), joɣur- (AH)

Uighur: juɣu(r)-, žuɣu(r)-

Sary-Yughur: juɣur-, joɣur-

Azerbaidzhan: joɣur-

Turkmen: juɣɨ̄r-, juɣur-

Khakassian: čura-

Shor: čūr-

Oyrat: jura-, d́ura-

Halaj: joɣūr-

Chuvash: śǝʷr-

Kirghiz: ǯūr-

Gagauz: jur-

Salar: juɣur-

Comments: VEWT 205, ЭСТЯ 4, 243-244, TMN 4, 173, EDT 906. Turk. > Hung. gyúr- (Gombocz 1912, MNyTeSz 1, 1138).

Proto-Turkic: *juk / *jok

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 resin, gum 2 residues of food on dishes, sticky substance 3 to stick to

Russian meaning: 1 смола 2 остатки пищи на посуде; то, что прилипло 3 прилипать

Karakhanid: juq 2 (MK)

Turkish: jok 2 (dial.)

Tatar: joq- 3

Middle Turkic: juq- 3 (R.)

Uzbek: juq 2, juq- 3

Uighur: juq- 3

Turkmen: joq 2, joq- 3

Khakassian: čux 1, čux- 3

Oyrat: juq-, d́uq- 3

Chuvash: śъʷɣъʷr 'liquid mire, sludge' (dial.)

Tuva: čuq 1

Tofalar: čuq 1

Kirghiz: ǯuq 2, ǯuq- 3

Kazakh: žuq- 3

Noghai: juq- 3

Bashkir: joq- 3

Karaim: juq-, jux- 3

Karakalpak: žuq 2, žŭq- 3

Kumyk: juq 2, juq- 3

Comments: EDT 895, VEWT 119, ЭСТЯ 4, 211, Лексика 117, Ашм. XIII, 52.

Proto-Turkic: *jul

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: stream, brook, fountain

Russian meaning: река, ручей

Old Turkic: jul (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jul (MK)

Khakassian: čul

Oyrat: jul

Chuvash: śъʷl

Salar: jul

Comments: EDT 917-918, VEWT 209-210, ЭСТЯ 4, 244.

Proto-Turkic: *jul-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to ransom 2 ransom

Russian meaning: 1 выкупать 2 выкуп

Old Turkic: juluɣ 2

Karakhanid: jul- 1, juluɣ 2

Yakut: sulū 2

Balkar: ǯuluv 2

Comments: VEWT 210. Turk. > Mong. ǯoli- 'to ransom' (KW 476; Щербак 1997, 164: MMong. ǯolia, WMong. ǯoliɣ < Turk. juluɣ), whence Man. ǯoliɣan etc. (see ТМС 1, 263).

Proto-Turkic: *jula

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: light, torch

Russian meaning: свет, факел

Old Turkic: jula (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jula (MK, KB, IM)

Khakassian: čula (R)

Oyrat: jula (R)

Tuva: čula 'lamp '(Tuva, if not < Mo)

Balkar: ǯula 'дренажный фитиль'

Kumyk: jula 'gun barrel; wick'

Comments: VEWT 210, EDT 919. Turk. > Mong. ǯula (KW 479, Щербак 1997, 125), whence Evk. ǯula (Doerfer MT 125).

Proto-Turkic: *jular

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: halter

Russian meaning: недоуздок

Karakhanid: jular (MK)

Turkish: jular

Middle Turkic: jular (Pav. C., Houts.), jolar (AH)

Oyrat: d́ular

Yakut: sular

Tuva: čular

Gagauz: jular

Salar: ʒ́ulur

Comments: EDT 932, VEWT 210, ЭСТЯ 4, 244-245, Лексика 556.

Proto-Turkic: *jul-duŕ (*-dɨŕ)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: star

Russian meaning: звезда

Old Turkic: jultuz (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: julduz (MK)

Turkish: jɨldɨz

Tatar: joldɨz

Middle Turkic: julduz (Pav. C., MA)

Uzbek: julduz

Uighur: jultuz

Sary-Yughur: juldɨs

Azerbaidzhan: ulduz

Turkmen: jɨldɨz

Khakassian: čɨltɨs

Shor: čɨltɨs

Oyrat: d́ɨldɨs

Halaj: julduz

Chuvash: śъʷldъʷr

Yakut: sulus

Dolgan: hulus

Tuva: sɨldɨs

Tofalar: sɨltɨs

Kirghiz: ǯɨldɨz

Kazakh: žu_ldɨz

Noghai: juldɨz

Bashkir: jondoδ

Balkar: žulduz

Gagauz: jɨldɨs

Karaim: jɨldɨz

Karakalpak: žuldɨz

Salar: jyldus

Kumyk: julduz

Comments: VEWT 210, TMN 3, 260-1, EDT 922-3, ЭСТЯ 4, 279-280, Лексика 53, Stachowski 111.

Proto-Turkic: *julɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to pillage, attack 2 thief, scoundrel

Russian meaning: 1 грабить, нападать 2 вор, бродяга, голодранец

Old Turkic: julɨ- (Orkh., OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: julɨ- (MK) 1

Tatar: jolqɨš 2

Khakassian: čulɣus (Sag.), čulɣas (Koib., Kach.) 2

Shor: čulɣuš 2

Tuva: čul- 1

Kirghiz: ǯulu-š- 'to fight (of women)'

Bashkir: jolqoš 2

Comments: EDT 919. Should be separated from *jol- 'pick out' (v. sub *ńŏ̀lo).

Proto-Turkic: *julɨŋ / *jülüŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: marrow, spinal marrow

Russian meaning: костный мозг, спинной мозг

Karakhanid: julun (MK)

Middle Turkic: jülün (MA), julun (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: jülüŋ (dial.)

Uighur: julun (dial.)

Khakassian: čǝlǝŋ

Shor: čɨlɨŋ

Oyrat: jülün, d́ülüŋ

Yakut: sülün

Dolgan: hünńü

Tuva: čün

Kirghiz: ǯülün, ǯulun

Kazakh: žulɨn

Noghai: julɨn

Bashkir: jɨlɨm, dial. jelen, jelem, jolon

Karakalpak: žulɨn

Comments: EDT 930, ЭСТЯ 4, 266, Лексика 263, Stachowski 115.

Proto-Turkic: *jum-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 round 2 ball of wool, thread

Russian meaning: 1 круглый 2 клубок

Karakhanid: jumɣaq 2 (MK)

Turkish: jumak 2, jumru 1

Tatar: jomrɨ 1, jomɣaq 2

Middle Turkic: jumru 1 (Pav. C.), jumqaq 2 (MA)

Uzbek: jumalɔq 1

Uighur: jumlaq 1

Azerbaidzhan: jumru 1, jumaG 2

Turkmen: jumaq 2, jumrɨ 1

Khakassian: nɨŋmax 2

Oyrat: jumɣaq 2

Chuvash: śъʷmɣa 2

Kirghiz: ǯumuru 1

Kazakh: žumaq 2

Bashkir: jomoro 1, jomɣaq 2

Gagauz: jumaq 2

Karaim: jumɣaq 2

Karakalpak: žumrɨ 1, žumaq 2

Salar: jumax 2

Kumyk: jummaq 2

Comments: One of expressive common Turkic roots meaning 'round, spherical'. See VEWT 210, EDT 871, 873, 877, 936, 937-8, ЭСТЯ 4, 246-247, 249-250. The root has also a variant (expressive?) *jub-, see ЭСТЯ 4, 237-238, Stachowski 114.

Proto-Turkic: *jumra-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 gopher 2 ground-squirrel

Russian meaning: 1 суслик 2 евражка

Tatar: jomran 1

Middle Turkic: jumran 'mole' (AH)

Uzbek: jumrɔn 1

Uighur: jumran 1

Turkmen: jumran 1 (dial.)

Oyrat: jɨmran, jɨbɨran 2

Bashkir: jomran 1

Balkar: ǯuburan 1

Comments: VEWT 210, ЭСТЯ 4, 247-248, Лексика 165-166. Turk. > Mong. ǯurum, ǯurama, Khalkha ʒuram, ʒurma, Dag. ǯombor, (Тод. Даг. 145) ǯumbrā (see MGCD 464, KW 481, TMN 4, 220), whence Man. ǯumara etc., see Doerfer MT 102, Rozycki 127. Cf. also *jamlan / *jalman (VEWT 183, ЭСТЯ 4, 97; > Mong. jalman). Turk. > Russ. dial. jevrán and similar forms, see Аникин 195, 199, 205.

Proto-Turkic: *jumuĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: work, service, necessity

Russian meaning: работа, служба, необходимость

Old Turkic: jumuš (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: jumuš (MK) 1

Turkish: jumuš

Tatar: jomɨš

Uzbek: jumuš 1

Turkmen: jumuš

Khakassian: nɨmɨs

Oyrat: jumuš, ńumuš

Chuvash: śъʷmъʷl

Tuva: čɨmɨš

Kirghiz: ǯumuš

Kazakh: žumɨs

Bashkir: jomɨš

Balkar: zumuš

Karaim: jumuš

Karakalpak: žumɨs

Comments: VEWT 211, ЭСТЯ 4, 251, EDT 938 (with a highly dubious derivation from *jum- 'round').

Proto-Turkic: *jumur

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bowels, intestines

Russian meaning: кишки, внутренности

Karakhanid: jumur (MK)

Tuva: čumur 'maw'

Tofalar: ńumur 'maw'

Comments: EDT 937-8. Historically the root should be probably kept distinct from *jum- 'round' and *jumurtka 'egg' - although internal contaminations were of course inevitable.

Proto-Turkic: *jumurtka

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: egg

Russian meaning: яйцо

Old Turkic: jumurtɣa, jumurɣa (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jumurtɣa (MK)

Turkish: jumurta

Tatar: jomɨrqa

Middle Turkic: jumurtɣa (Sangl.)

Uzbek: jumurtqa (dial.)

Sary-Yughur: jomut

Azerbaidzhan: jumurta

Turkmen: jumurtGa

Khakassian: nɨmɨrxa

Shor: nɨbɨrtqa, nuburtqa (Верб.)

Oyrat: d́ɨmɨrtqa

Halaj: jumurqa

Chuvash: śъʷmarda

Yakut: sɨmɨ̄t

Dolgan: hɨmɨ̄t

Tuva: čuurɣa

Tofalar: ńumurxa

Kirghiz: ǯumurtqa

Kazakh: žu_mɨrtqa

Noghai: jumɨrtqa

Bashkir: jomortqa

Balkar: zumurtqa

Gagauz: jɨmɨrta

Karaim: jɨmɨrta, imɨrtxa

Karakalpak: žumurtqa

Salar: jymū(r)dda

Kumyk: jɨmɨrtqa

Comments: VEWT 211, EDT 938, ЭСТЯ 4, 250-251, Лексика 149, Stachowski 118.

Proto-Turkic: *junt

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: horse, mare

Russian meaning: лошадь, кобыла

Old Turkic: junt (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: junt (MK)

Turkish: jont

Middle Turkic: junt (Ettuhf.), junad (AH)

Sary-Yughur: jut, jot

Yakut: sono-ɣos 'young horse'

Comments: EDT 946, VEWT 211, ЭСТЯ 4, 253-254, TMN 4, 199-200. Despite Sinor 1965, 312, hardly a borrowing from Samoyed.

Proto-Turkic: *juŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 wool 2 small feathers, down 3 feather 4 faded fur

Russian meaning: 1 шерсть 2 пух 3 перо 4 линька

Old Turkic: juŋ 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: juŋ 1 (KB), 2, 3 (MK)

Turkish: jün 1

Tatar: jon 3

Middle Turkic: juŋ 1 (Бор. Бад.), jüŋ 1 (Pav. C., MA)

Uzbek: juŋ 1

Uighur: juŋ, ǯuŋ 1

Sary-Yughur: juŋ, jüŋ, jun 3

Azerbaidzhan: jun 1

Turkmen: jüŋ 1

Khakassian: nüŋ 2

Shor: čum 2

Oyrat: jüŋ, jum, jɨm, d́uŋ 1

Halaj: juŋ 1

Chuvash: śъʷm 1

Yakut: suŋ 4

Tuva: čüŋ 1

Kirghiz: ǯün 1,2,3

Kazakh: žün 1

Noghai: jün 1

Bashkir: jön 3

Gagauz: jün 1

Karaim: jün, jun 1

Karakalpak: žün 1

Salar: juŋ 1

Kumyk: jün 1

Comments: VEWT 211, EDT 941, ЭСТЯ 4, 267-268, Лексика 146. This root should not be confused with *jüg 'feather' (v. sub *d[é]gi).

Proto-Turkic: *jur-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: patch of cloth, rag

Russian meaning: лоскуты, лохмотья

Old Turkic: jurun (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jurun (MK)

Tatar: joron (dial.)

Middle Turkic: jurun (Abush., Sangl.)

Khakassian: čurux

Oyrat: d'urun

Chuvash: śorъm 'bundle of flax or hemp'

Tuva: čuruq

Tofalar: čuruq

Kazakh: žurɨn (dial.)

Bashkir: jorqaq, joron

Balkar: ǯurun

Karaim: jurq- 'to pinch (hair)'

Karakalpak: žurɨndɨ

Comments: VEWT 211, EDT 970, ЭСТЯ 4, 255-256, Ашм. XII, 270.

Proto-Turkic: *jut

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 bad weather, bad harvest 2 hunger, trouble

Russian meaning: 1 дурная погода, неурожай 2 голод, беда

Old Turkic: jut (Orkh.) 1

Karakhanid: jut (MK) 1

Middle Turkic: jut (Pav. C., AH, Бор. Бад.) 1

Uzbek: jut 1

Uighur: ǯut, ǯüt 2

Sary-Yughur: ǯüt 'lean, meagre'

Khakassian: čut 1

Shor: čut 1

Oyrat: jut, d́ut 1, 2

Yakut: sut 2

Tuva: čut 2

Kirghiz: ǯut 2

Kazakh: žut 2

Noghai: jut 1, 2

Bashkir: jot 2

Karakalpak: žŭt 2

Kumyk: jut 1

Comments: EDT 883, VEWT 211-212, ЭСТЯ 4, 256-257. Turk. > Mong. *ǯud, *ǯuta- (KW 481, TMN 4, 210, Щербак 1997, 125).

Proto-Turkic: *jūrt

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: dwelling place, camping-site

Russian meaning: жилище, стоянка

Old Turkic: jurt (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: jurt (MK)

Turkish: jurt (dial.)

Tatar: jort

Middle Turkic: jurt (Pav. C., Houts., AH)

Uzbek: jurt

Uighur: ju(r)t

Sary-Yughur: jurt

Azerbaidzhan: jurt

Turkmen: jūrt

Khakassian: čurt

Shor: čurt

Oyrat: jurt, d́urt

Halaj: jūrt

Chuvash: śort

Yakut: surt

Dolgan: hurt

Tuva: ču`rt

Kirghiz: ǯurt

Kazakh: žurt

Noghai: jurt

Bashkir: jort

Balkar: žurt

Karaim: jurt

Karakalpak: žurt

Kumyk: jurt

Comments: EDT 958, VEWT 211, TMN 4, 212-213, ЭСТЯ 4, 254-255, Лексика 490-491, 494, Федотов 2, 144-145, Stachowski 113.