Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *K(i)aŋ-(ɨr)-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 nose 2 to snuffle 3 beak, snout 4 parched nose (phras.) 5 nose bridge

Russian meaning: 1 нос 2 гнусавить 3 клюв, морда 4 пересохший (о носе) 5 переносица

Karakhanid: qaŋraq `palate' (MK - ДТС)

Sary-Yughur: qaŋrɨq, qãrq 1

Turkmen: Gaŋšɨravuq 'nasal cavity', Goŋursa- 'to reek'

Oyrat: qaŋɨrɨq (Tel.) (R II, 82); qoŋɨr 5 (R II 521), Tel. (Верб.)

Yakut: xaŋɨnaj- 2; xoŋurū, xaŋɨrɨ̄ 5 (Пек.)

Tuva: xāj 3, xā̃š 'nasal', qoŋzaŋ 'crook-nosed'

Tofalar: xāj 1, 3

Kirghiz: qaŋɨrɨq 4, qoŋursu- 'to reek'

Bashkir: qaŋɣɨrɨq (dial.) 'hard palate'

Comments: The root is no doubt archaic, although not widely attested. On its modern reflexes see VEWT 232, Лексика 215-216 (some of the listed forms are < Mong., but certainly not all.), ЭСТЯ 6, 66.

Proto-Turkic: *K(i)ar-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 heron, crane 2 swallow, swift

Russian meaning: 1 цапля, журавль 2 ласточка

Old Turkic: qarlɨɣač (OUygh.) 2

Karakhanid: qarlɨɣač, qarɣɨlač (MK) 2

Turkish: karkara 1, kɨrlanɣɨč, kɨrlɨk 2

Tatar: qarlɨɣač 2

Middle Turkic: qarluwač, qarluɣač (Sangl., Pav. C., MA), qarlaɣač (Houts.), qarlawuč (AH)

Uzbek: qɛrqɛrɛ 1, qɛldirɣɔč 2

Uighur: qaqira 1, qalɣač (dial.) 2

Azerbaidzhan: GaranGuš, Garaɣloš 2

Turkmen: Garqara (dial.) 1, Garlavāč 2

Khakassian: xarlaɣas, xarlɨɣas (dial.) 2

Shor: qarlāš 2

Oyrat: qarlaɣaš, qarɨlɣaš 2

Yakut: xaraŋaččɨ 2

Kirghiz: qarqɨra 1, qardɨɣač 2

Kazakh: qarqɨra 1, qarlɨɣaš 2

Noghai: qarlɨɣaš 2

Bashkir: qarlɨɣas (dial.) 2

Balkar: qarɨlɣač 2

Karakalpak: qarlɨɣaš 2

Kumyk: qarlaɣač, qarlɨɣač 2

Comments: EDT 657, ЭСТЯ 5, 306-309; Лексика 175-176.

Proto-Turkic: *K(i)arba-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to grope (for smth.) 2 to grasp (with hands or teeth) 3 to swim (grope through water with hands and feet) 4 to rake up

Russian meaning: 1 нащупывать 2 хватать (руками или зубами) 3 плавать (хвататься за воду руками и ногами) 4 сгребать

Old Turkic: qarva- (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: qarva- (MK) 1

Turkish: kavra- 2

Middle Turkic: qarba- (Qutb)

Turkmen: Gabra- 2

Khakassian: xarba- 2

Shor: qarba- 2

Oyrat: qarba- 2

Yakut: xarbā- 2,3,4

Dolgan: karbā- 'to row, swim'

Tuva: qarban- 3

Comments: EDT 646, VEWT 243, ЭСТЯ 5, 302-303, Мудрак 103 (with a wrong attribution of Tuva xɨr-). Despite Kaɫ. MEJ 42, Stachowski 139, forms like Yak. xarbā- are hardly borrowed < Mong. qarma- (on which see under *k`aŕa).

Proto-Turkic: *Kiaŕɨ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: inner fat

Russian meaning: брюшной жир

Karakhanid: qazɨ (MK)

Tatar: dial. qazɨ

Uzbek: qɛzi

Uighur: qezi

Khakassian: xazɨ

Oyrat: qazɨ

Chuvash: jor-var 'скоромная пища'

Yakut: qaha

Tuva: qazɨ

Tofalar: qazɨ

Kirghiz: qazɨ

Kazakh: qazɨ

Noghai: qazɨ

Bashkir: qaδɨ

Karakalpak: qazɨ

Comments: VEWT 243, ЭСТЯ 5, 189-190, Мудрак Дисс. 193-194, TMN 3, 359, EDT 681, Федотов 2, 491.

Proto-Turkic: *K(i)arɨĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: span

Russian meaning: пядь

Karakhanid: qarɨš (MK)

Turkish: karɨš

Tatar: qarɨš

Middle Turkic: qarɨš (Pav. C., Houts., AH, IM)

Uzbek: qɛriš

Uighur: ɣerič, dial. ɣeriš

Azerbaidzhan: Garɨš

Turkmen: Garɨš

Khakassian: xarɨs

Oyrat: qarɨš

Yakut: xarɨs

Tuva: qarɨš

Tofalar: xarɨš

Kirghiz: qarɨš

Kazakh: qarɨs

Noghai: qarɨs

Bashkir: qarɨš

Balkar: qarɨš

Gagauz: qarɨš

Karakalpak: qarɨs

Kumyk: qarɨš

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 324-326, EDT 663. External evidence suggests that the original meaning was 'elbow, cubit' [in fact attested for qarɨš in Chag. Abushka, but some argue that this is just a script error], with the opposition *K(i)arɨ 'large measure (cubit) : *K(i)arɨĺ 'small measure (span)'. But the former completely merged later with the reflexes of *Karɨ 'arm' (v. sub *gàrá).

Proto-Turkic: *K(i)arɨnč-ɣa

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 ant 2 tick

Russian meaning: 1 муравей 2 клещ

Karakhanid: qarɨnčaq (MK: Oghuz) 1

Turkish: karɨnǯa 1

Middle Turkic: qarɨnčɣa (Sangl., Qutb.), qarɨnča (Houts.) 1

Azerbaidzhan: Garɨšɣa 1

Turkmen: Garɨnǯa 2

Khakassian: xarčɨx 2

Gagauz: qarɨmǯɛ 1

Comments: EDT 662, VEWT 238, ЭСТЯ 5, 323, Лексика 184. Turk. > Kalm. xačig (KW 173) 'irgendeine Made in der Nase des Kamels' (or is it rather < Turk. qatqɨč?).

Proto-Turkic: *K(i)as-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to constrict, tighten 2 brace joining the wheel hoop and its wooden part 3 block, tambour 4 iron hoop on a cask

Russian meaning: 1 затягивать, стягивать 2 скоба, соединяющая обод колеса и его деревянную часть 3 шкив, пяльцы 4 железный обод на бочке

Turkish: kas- 1

Uzbek: qasnɔɣ (dial.) 2

Uighur: qasa- 1, qasqan 'hoop of a tambourine'

Azerbaidzhan: GasnaG, GasaG 3

Turkmen: Gas- 1, Gasŋaq 2

Khakassian: xas- (Sag., Koib.) 'to place the halter on the saddle bow'

Oyrat: qasta- 1

Tuva: qa`sta- 1

Kirghiz: qasas- 1, qasqan 4

Noghai: qasnaq 2

Karakalpak: qasnaq 2

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 329-330.

Proto-Turkic: *Kias-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 horrible, terrible 2 to annoy 3 to become wasted, lose 4 vindictive 5 inimical

Russian meaning: 1 страшный, ужасный 2 досаждать 3 разоряться, терять 4 мстительный 5 враждебный

Old Turkic: qasɨnčɨɣ (OUygh. Suv.) 1

Shor: qasta- 2

Chuvash: jus-, juzъn- 3, jus-tar- 2

Yakut: xasɨmar 4

Kirghiz: qas 5

Kazakh: qas 5

Comments: EDT 668, Ашм. XI, 12.

Proto-Turkic: *K(i)atɨr- ( ~-d-)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 grayling 2 sturgeon

Russian meaning: 1 хариус 2 осетр

Yakut: xatɨ̄s 2

Tuva: qadɨrɣɨ 1

Comments: VEWT 219.

Proto-Turkic: *K(i)ā(j)nat

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: flap (of door), wall (of yurt)

Russian meaning: створка (двери), стена (юрты)

Turkish: kanat

Middle Turkic: qanat (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: qɛnɔt

Azerbaidzhan: Ganat

Turkmen: Gānat (dial.)

Khakassian: xanat

Oyrat: qanat

Chuvash: śonat 'карниз, застреха'

Kirghiz: qanat

Kazakh: qanat

Karakalpak: qanat

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 252-253, Лексика 504, Ашм. XII, 246. The root should be kept distinct from *Kājnat 'wing'.

Proto-Turkic: *Kiāl-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to stay behind, remain

Russian meaning: оставаться

Old Turkic: qal- (Orkh., OUygh., Yenis.)

Karakhanid: qal- (MK, KB)

Turkish: kal-

Tatar: qal-

Middle Turkic: qal- (Sangl., Qutb., Houts., AH, IM, MA, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: qɔl-

Uighur: qal-

Azerbaidzhan: Gal-

Turkmen: Gāl-

Khakassian: xal-

Shor: qal-

Oyrat: qal-

Chuvash: jol-

Yakut: xāl-

Dolgan: kāl-

Tuva: qal-

Tofalar: qal-

Kirghiz: qal-

Kazakh: qal-

Noghai: qal-

Bashkir: qal-

Balkar: qal-

Karakalpak: qal-

Kumyk: qal-

Comments: EDT 615-616, VEWT 224, ЭСТЯ 5, 226-227, Егоров 347, Федотов 2, 483, Stachowski 142.

Proto-Turkic: *K(i)āĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: eyebrow; edge, bank; saddle bow

Russian meaning: бровь; край, берег; лука седла

Old Turkic: qaš (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qaš (MK, KB)

Turkish: kaš (dial.)

Tatar: qaš

Middle Turkic: qaš (Sangl., Pav. C., Abush.), qaš (CCum.)

Uzbek: qɔš

Uighur: qaš

Azerbaidzhan: Gaš

Turkmen: Gāš

Khakassian: xas

Shor: qaš

Oyrat: qaš

Yakut: xās

Dolgan: kās

Tuva: qaš

Tofalar: xaš

Kirghiz: qaš

Kazakh: qas

Noghai: qas

Bashkir: qaš

Karaim: qaš

Karakalpak: qas

Kumyk: qaš

Comments: EDT 669, VEWT 240, TMN 3, 389, ЭСТЯ 5, 343-345, Лексика 211-212, 542, Stachowski 143.

Proto-Turkic: *Kiān

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: blood

Russian meaning: кровь

Old Turkic: qan (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qan (MK)

Turkish: kan

Tatar: qan

Middle Turkic: qan (MA, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: qɔn

Uighur: qan

Sary-Yughur: qan

Azerbaidzhan: Gan

Turkmen: Gān

Khakassian: xan

Shor: qan

Oyrat: qan

Halaj: qān

Chuvash: jon

Yakut: xān

Dolgan: kān

Tuva: xan

Tofalar: xan

Kirghiz: qan

Kazakh: qan

Noghai: qan

Bashkir: qan

Balkar: qan

Gagauz: qan

Karaim: qan

Karakalpak: qan

Salar: Ga(:)n

Kumyk: qan

Comments: VEWT 230, TMN 3, 360-361, EDT 629-630, ЭСТЯ 5, 251, Егоров 349, Федотов 2, 486, Stachowski 142. Turk. > WMong. qana- 'to let bleed' (KW 166, TMN 3, 361, Щербак 1997, 133).

Proto-Turkic: *Kiār-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to mix

Russian meaning: смешивать

Karakhanid: qar- (MK Oghuz)

Turkish: kar-

Middle Turkic: qar- (Abush.)

Uzbek: qɔr-

Turkmen: Gār-

Chuvash: jor-, jur-

Karakalpak: qarɨ-

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 285, EDT 642-643, Ашм. IV, 351-352, Федотов 2, 490-491.

Proto-Turkic: *Kiār

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: snow

Russian meaning: снег

Old Turkic: qar (Orkh., Yenis., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qar (MK, KB)

Turkish: kar

Tatar: qar

Middle Turkic: qar (Sangl., Qutb., Houts.)

Uzbek: qɔr

Uighur: qar, qaa

Azerbaidzhan: Gar

Turkmen: Gār

Khakassian: xar

Shor: qar

Oyrat: qar

Chuvash: jor

Yakut: xār

Dolgan: kār

Tuva: xar

Tofalar: xar

Kirghiz: qar

Kazakh: qar

Noghai: qar

Bashkir: qar

Balkar: qar

Gagauz: qār

Karakalpak: qar

Kumyk: qar

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 284-285, EDT 641, VEWT 235, Егоров 350, Федотов 2, 490, Лексика 27, Stachowski 142.

Proto-Turkic: *Kiben-te

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: shoulder yoke

Russian meaning: коромысло

Tatar: köjɛntɛ

Chuvash: kǝʷvende

Kazakh: küjeŋte

Noghai: küjen

Bashkir: köjɛntɛ

Comments: VEWT 306 (the word should be distinguished from *Küb- 'to pound' q. v. sub *gi̯ube).

Proto-Turkic: *kičük /-g

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: small, little

Russian meaning: маленький

Old Turkic: kičig (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kičüg (MK)

Turkish: küčük, kiči (dial.)

Tatar: keče

Middle Turkic: kičik (IM, AH, Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: kičik

Uighur: kičik

Sary-Yughur: kɨčiɣ

Azerbaidzhan: kičik

Turkmen: kiči

Khakassian: kǝčǝg

Oyrat: kičü

Chuvash: kǝźǝn

Yakut: kuččuguj

Dolgan: kuččuguj, küččügüj

Kirghiz: kičǖ

Kazakh: kǝši

Noghai: kiškej

Bashkir: kese

Balkar: gičče

Gagauz: küčük, küǯük

Karaim: kičkenä

Karakalpak: kǝši

Salar: kiǯi

Comments: VEWT 269, EDT 696, ЭСТЯ 5, 75-77, Stachowski 159, 163. On Turk. > Hung. kis 'small' see Gombocz 1912.

Proto-Turkic: *kidiŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: felt

Russian meaning: войлок

Old Turkic: kidiz (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kiδiz (MK, KB)

Turkish: kijiz, kejiz (dial.)

Tatar: kijez

Middle Turkic: kijiz (IM, Abush., Qutb., Houts.)

Uzbek: kigiz

Uighur: kigiz

Turkmen: kīz

Khakassian: kīs

Oyrat: kijis

Tuva: kidis

Kirghiz: kijiz

Kazakh: kijiz

Noghai: kijiz

Bashkir: kejeδ

Balkar: kijiz

Karakalpak: kijiz, kijgiz (dial.)

Kumyk: kijiz

Comments: VEWT 270, TMN 3, 661-662, ЭСТЯ 5, 66-67, Лексика 392. Turk. > MMong. kijiz (Щербак 1997, 127).

Proto-Turkic: *Kik-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to rub, grind (at each other)

Russian meaning: тереть, скрести (друг о друга)

Karakhanid: kik- 'to sharpen and whet a knife', kikčür- 'whet a knife' (MK)

Yakut: kikirī- 'to rub with a noise'

Comments: VEWT 270, EDT 710, 714.

Proto-Turkic: *kiĺe-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to hobble, bound 2 fetters

Russian meaning: 1 стреножить 2 путы

Old Turkic: kiše- (OUygh.) 1, kišen (OUygh.) 2

Karakhanid: kiše- (MK, KB) 1, kišen (MK) 2

Turkish: kešan 'headstall, fetters'

Tatar: kištɛ 3

Middle Turkic: kišen 'chain' (Sangl., Houts.), Kypch. kišen (CCum.) 2

Uighur: kišɛn 2

Turkmen: kīšen 'chains'

Kirghiz: kišen 2

Balkar: kišen 2

Comments: VEWT 258, EDT 753. Some forms point to *kēĺ-, possibly under the influence of *keĺč 'belt' (v. sub *k`éĺe).