Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *K(i)as-

Meaning: 1 to constrict, tighten 2 brace joining the wheel hoop and its wooden part 3 block, tambour 4 iron hoop on a cask

Russian meaning: 1 затягивать, стягивать 2 скоба, соединяющая обод колеса и его деревянную часть 3 шкив, пяльцы 4 железный обод на бочке

Turkish: kas- 1

Uzbek: qasnɔɣ (dial.) 2

Uighur: qasa- 1, qasqan 'hoop of a tambourine'

Azerbaidzhan: GasnaG, GasaG 3

Turkmen: Gas- 1, Gasŋaq 2

Khakassian: xas- (Sag., Koib.) 'to place the halter on the saddle bow'

Oyrat: qasta- 1

Tuva: qa`sta- 1

Kirghiz: qasas- 1, qasqan 4

Noghai: qasnaq 2

Karakalpak: qasnaq 2

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 329-330.

Proto-Turkic: *Kias-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 horrible, terrible 2 to annoy 3 to become wasted, lose 4 vindictive 5 inimical

Russian meaning: 1 страшный, ужасный 2 досаждать 3 разоряться, терять 4 мстительный 5 враждебный

Old Turkic: qasɨnčɨɣ (OUygh. Suv.) 1

Shor: qasta- 2

Chuvash: jus-, juzъn- 3, jus-tar- 2

Yakut: xasɨmar 4

Kirghiz: qas 5

Kazakh: qas 5

Comments: EDT 668, Ашм. XI, 12.

Proto-Turkic: *K(i)atɨr- ( ~-d-)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 grayling 2 sturgeon

Russian meaning: 1 хариус 2 осетр

Yakut: xatɨ̄s 2

Tuva: qadɨrɣɨ 1

Comments: VEWT 219.

Proto-Turkic: *K(i)ā(j)nat

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: flap (of door), wall (of yurt)

Russian meaning: створка (двери), стена (юрты)

Turkish: kanat

Middle Turkic: qanat (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: qɛnɔt

Azerbaidzhan: Ganat

Turkmen: Gānat (dial.)

Khakassian: xanat

Oyrat: qanat

Chuvash: śonat 'карниз, застреха'

Kirghiz: qanat

Kazakh: qanat

Karakalpak: qanat

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 252-253, Лексика 504, Ашм. XII, 246. The root should be kept distinct from *Kājnat 'wing'.

Proto-Turkic: *Kiāl-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to stay behind, remain

Russian meaning: оставаться

Old Turkic: qal- (Orkh., OUygh., Yenis.)

Karakhanid: qal- (MK, KB)

Turkish: kal-

Tatar: qal-

Middle Turkic: qal- (Sangl., Qutb., Houts., AH, IM, MA, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: qɔl-

Uighur: qal-

Azerbaidzhan: Gal-

Turkmen: Gāl-

Khakassian: xal-

Shor: qal-

Oyrat: qal-

Chuvash: jol-

Yakut: xāl-

Dolgan: kāl-

Tuva: qal-

Tofalar: qal-

Kirghiz: qal-

Kazakh: qal-

Noghai: qal-

Bashkir: qal-

Balkar: qal-

Karakalpak: qal-

Kumyk: qal-

Comments: EDT 615-616, VEWT 224, ЭСТЯ 5, 226-227, Егоров 347, Федотов 2, 483, Stachowski 142.

Proto-Turkic: *K(i)āĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: eyebrow; edge, bank; saddle bow

Russian meaning: бровь; край, берег; лука седла

Old Turkic: qaš (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qaš (MK, KB)

Turkish: kaš (dial.)

Tatar: qaš

Middle Turkic: qaš (Sangl., Pav. C., Abush.), qaš (CCum.)

Uzbek: qɔš

Uighur: qaš

Azerbaidzhan: Gaš

Turkmen: Gāš

Khakassian: xas

Shor: qaš

Oyrat: qaš

Yakut: xās

Dolgan: kās

Tuva: qaš

Tofalar: xaš

Kirghiz: qaš

Kazakh: qas

Noghai: qas

Bashkir: qaš

Karaim: qaš

Karakalpak: qas

Kumyk: qaš

Comments: EDT 669, VEWT 240, TMN 3, 389, ЭСТЯ 5, 343-345, Лексика 211-212, 542, Stachowski 143.

Proto-Turkic: *Kiān

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: blood

Russian meaning: кровь

Old Turkic: qan (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qan (MK)

Turkish: kan

Tatar: qan

Middle Turkic: qan (MA, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: qɔn

Uighur: qan

Sary-Yughur: qan

Azerbaidzhan: Gan

Turkmen: Gān

Khakassian: xan

Shor: qan

Oyrat: qan

Halaj: qān

Chuvash: jon

Yakut: xān

Dolgan: kān

Tuva: xan

Tofalar: xan

Kirghiz: qan

Kazakh: qan

Noghai: qan

Bashkir: qan

Balkar: qan

Gagauz: qan

Karaim: qan

Karakalpak: qan

Salar: Ga(:)n

Kumyk: qan

Comments: VEWT 230, TMN 3, 360-361, EDT 629-630, ЭСТЯ 5, 251, Егоров 349, Федотов 2, 486, Stachowski 142. Turk. > WMong. qana- 'to let bleed' (KW 166, TMN 3, 361, Щербак 1997, 133).

Proto-Turkic: *Kiār-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to mix

Russian meaning: смешивать

Karakhanid: qar- (MK Oghuz)

Turkish: kar-

Middle Turkic: qar- (Abush.)

Uzbek: qɔr-

Turkmen: Gār-

Chuvash: jor-, jur-

Karakalpak: qarɨ-

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 285, EDT 642-643, Ашм. IV, 351-352, Федотов 2, 490-491.

Proto-Turkic: *Kiār

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: snow

Russian meaning: снег

Old Turkic: qar (Orkh., Yenis., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qar (MK, KB)

Turkish: kar

Tatar: qar

Middle Turkic: qar (Sangl., Qutb., Houts.)

Uzbek: qɔr

Uighur: qar, qaa

Azerbaidzhan: Gar

Turkmen: Gār

Khakassian: xar

Shor: qar

Oyrat: qar

Chuvash: jor

Yakut: xār

Dolgan: kār

Tuva: xar

Tofalar: xar

Kirghiz: qar

Kazakh: qar

Noghai: qar

Bashkir: qar

Balkar: qar

Gagauz: qār

Karakalpak: qar

Kumyk: qar

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 284-285, EDT 641, VEWT 235, Егоров 350, Федотов 2, 490, Лексика 27, Stachowski 142.

Proto-Turkic: *Kiben-te

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: shoulder yoke

Russian meaning: коромысло

Tatar: köjɛntɛ

Chuvash: kǝʷvende

Kazakh: küjeŋte

Noghai: küjen

Bashkir: köjɛntɛ

Comments: VEWT 306 (the word should be distinguished from *Küb- 'to pound' q. v. sub *gi̯ube).

Proto-Turkic: *kičük /-g

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: small, little

Russian meaning: маленький

Old Turkic: kičig (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kičüg (MK)

Turkish: küčük, kiči (dial.)

Tatar: keče

Middle Turkic: kičik (IM, AH, Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: kičik

Uighur: kičik

Sary-Yughur: kɨčiɣ

Azerbaidzhan: kičik

Turkmen: kiči

Khakassian: kǝčǝg

Oyrat: kičü

Chuvash: kǝźǝn

Yakut: kuččuguj

Dolgan: kuččuguj, küččügüj

Kirghiz: kičǖ

Kazakh: kǝši

Noghai: kiškej

Bashkir: kese

Balkar: gičče

Gagauz: küčük, küǯük

Karaim: kičkenä

Karakalpak: kǝši

Salar: kiǯi

Comments: VEWT 269, EDT 696, ЭСТЯ 5, 75-77, Stachowski 159, 163. On Turk. > Hung. kis 'small' see Gombocz 1912.

Proto-Turkic: *kidiŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: felt

Russian meaning: войлок

Old Turkic: kidiz (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kiδiz (MK, KB)

Turkish: kijiz, kejiz (dial.)

Tatar: kijez

Middle Turkic: kijiz (IM, Abush., Qutb., Houts.)

Uzbek: kigiz

Uighur: kigiz

Turkmen: kīz

Khakassian: kīs

Oyrat: kijis

Tuva: kidis

Kirghiz: kijiz

Kazakh: kijiz

Noghai: kijiz

Bashkir: kejeδ

Balkar: kijiz

Karakalpak: kijiz, kijgiz (dial.)

Kumyk: kijiz

Comments: VEWT 270, TMN 3, 661-662, ЭСТЯ 5, 66-67, Лексика 392. Turk. > MMong. kijiz (Щербак 1997, 127).

Proto-Turkic: *Kik-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to rub, grind (at each other)

Russian meaning: тереть, скрести (друг о друга)

Karakhanid: kik- 'to sharpen and whet a knife', kikčür- 'whet a knife' (MK)

Yakut: kikirī- 'to rub with a noise'

Comments: VEWT 270, EDT 710, 714.

Proto-Turkic: *kiĺe-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to hobble, bound 2 fetters

Russian meaning: 1 стреножить 2 путы

Old Turkic: kiše- (OUygh.) 1, kišen (OUygh.) 2

Karakhanid: kiše- (MK, KB) 1, kišen (MK) 2

Turkish: kešan 'headstall, fetters'

Tatar: kištɛ 3

Middle Turkic: kišen 'chain' (Sangl., Houts.), Kypch. kišen (CCum.) 2

Uighur: kišɛn 2

Turkmen: kīšen 'chains'

Kirghiz: kišen 2

Balkar: kišen 2

Comments: VEWT 258, EDT 753. Some forms point to *kēĺ-, possibly under the influence of *keĺč 'belt' (v. sub *k`éĺe).

Proto-Turkic: *kiĺi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: person, people

Russian meaning: человек, люди

Old Turkic: kiši (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kiši (MK, KB)

Turkish: kiši

Tatar: keše

Middle Turkic: kiši (Pav. C., MA)

Uzbek: kiši

Uighur: kiši

Sary-Yughur: kisi

Azerbaidzhan: kiši

Turkmen: kiši

Khakassian: kǝzǝ

Shor: kiži

Oyrat: kiži

Yakut: kihi

Dolgan: kihi

Tuva: kiži

Tofalar: kiši

Kirghiz: kiši

Kazakh: kisi

Noghai: kisi

Bashkir: keše

Balkar: kiši

Gagauz: kiši

Karaim: kiši

Karakalpak: kisi

Salar: kiši

Kumyk: kiši

Comments: VEWT 272, EDT 752-753, ЭСТЯ 5, 78-79, Лексика 325, Stachowski 147.

Proto-Turkic: *kir

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: dirt

Russian meaning: грязь

Old Turkic: kir (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kir (MK, KB)

Turkish: kir

Tatar: ker

Middle Turkic: kir (Houts., Pav. C, AH)

Uzbek: kir

Uighur: kir

Azerbaidzhan: kir

Turkmen: kir

Khakassian: kǝr

Oyrat: kir

Chuvash: kirǝk 'dirt on body, dandruff'

Yakut: kir

Dolgan: kir

Tuva: xir

Kirghiz: kir

Kazakh: kir

Noghai: kir

Bashkir: ker

Gagauz: kir

Karaim: kir

Karakalpak: kir

Kumyk: kir

Comments: EDT 735, VEWT 271, ЭСТЯ 5, 69-70, Stachowski 148.

Proto-Turkic: *Kir-deĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a neighbour who lives in the same house

Russian meaning: сосед, живущий в том же доме

Karakhanid: kirdeš (MK)

Comments: EDT 739. The word is attested only in OT, but modern forms like Oyr. körüš, Tat. kürši 'neighbour' etc. (ЭСТЯ 5, 118-119; > Mong. körši, see Clark 1980, 41) may actually belong here, being transformed under the influence of körüš- 'to see each other'. Difficult is Yak. küre, kürüö 'wife's younger sister': Poppe 1961, 138 regards it as genetically related to the Mongolian forms, but one cannot exclude a secondary loan < Evk. kuriɣen.

Proto-Turkic: *kirpik

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: eyelash

Russian meaning: ресница

Old Turkic: kirpik (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kirpik (MK)

Turkish: kirpik

Tatar: kerfek

Middle Turkic: kirpik (Sangl., Pav. C.), kirpük (MA)

Uzbek: kiprik

Uighur: ki(r)pik

Sary-Yughur: kirmik

Azerbaidzhan: kirpik

Turkmen: kirpik

Khakassian: kǝrbǝk

Oyrat: kirbik

Halaj: kirpik

Chuvash: xъrbъx, xъrbъk, (dial.) xъrbu

Yakut: kirbäj, kirbī 'edge'

Tuva: kirbik

Kirghiz: kirpik

Kazakh: kǝrpǝk

Noghai: kirpik

Bashkir: kerpek

Gagauz: kirpik

Karaim: kirpik

Karakalpak: kirpik

Kumyk: kirpik

Comments: VEWT 272, EDT 737-738, ЭСТЯ 5, 74-75, Федотов 2, 333-334, Лексика 213. Cf. also the verb *Kɨrm- / *Kɨrp- 'to wink' (ЭСТЯ 6, 221). The front row variant here is probably secondary.

Proto-Turkic: *kīĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sable

Russian meaning: соболь

Old Turkic: kiš (Orkh.)

Karakhanid: kiš (MK, KB)

Tatar: keš

Middle Turkic: kiš (MA, Pav. C., Sangl.)

Uzbek: kiš

Oyrat: kiš

Chuvash: kъʷš

Yakut: kīs

Dolgan: kīs

Tuva: kiš

Kirghiz: kiš

Kazakh: kis

Noghai: kis, kiš

Bashkir: keš

Kumyk: kiš

Comments: VEWT 272, TMN 3, 664-665, EDT 752, Щербак 1961, 143, ЭСТЯ 5, 77-78, Лексика 162-163, Stachowski 149 (one of the Turk.-Samoyed. contact words; because of the Tungus parallel, probably Turk. > Samoyed., despite Helimski 1995). The Chuvash form reveals irregular vocalism and may in fact reflect a merger with PT *Küĺül 'rat, mole' (v. sub *k`ĕ̀ĺú). Turk. > Mong. er-kis 'male sable', ebsi-gis 'female sable' (see Clark 1980, 43).

Proto-Turkic: *kīn, *kīn-dük

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 navel, navelstring, centre 2 navel of a musk-deer, musk

Russian meaning: 1 пупок, пуповина, центр 2 мускусная железа, мускус

Old Turkic: kin 'утроба, vagina; мускус', kindik 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kin (KB), kün (MK) 2

Turkish: kindik, künük (dial.) 1

Tatar: kendek 1

Middle Turkic: kindik (MA, Pav. C.) 1

Uzbek: kindik, kindak 1

Uighur: kindik 1

Sary-Yughur: kendek 1 (ЯЖУ)

Turkmen: kindik (dial.) 1

Khakassian: kǝn 1, kǝndǝk 1

Oyrat: kindik 1, kin 2

Halaj: kindik 1

Chuvash: kǝndǝk (dial.)

Yakut: kīn 1

Tuva: xin 1, 2, xindik 1, 2

Tofalar: xin 1, 2

Kirghiz: kindik 1

Kazakh: kindik 1

Noghai: kindik 1

Bashkir: kendek 1

Balkar: kindik 1

Karaim: kindik 1, 'belly'

Karakalpak: kindik 1

Salar: kinǯix, kintix 1

Kumyk: gindik 1

Comments: VEWT 271, EDT 725, 729, ЭСТЯ 5, 68-69, Лексика 279-280. Turk. > Mong. kindik (Щербак 1997, 127).