Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *kiĺi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: person, people

Russian meaning: человек, люди

Old Turkic: kiši (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kiši (MK, KB)

Turkish: kiši

Tatar: keše

Middle Turkic: kiši (Pav. C., MA)

Uzbek: kiši

Uighur: kiši

Sary-Yughur: kisi

Azerbaidzhan: kiši

Turkmen: kiši

Khakassian: kǝzǝ

Shor: kiži

Oyrat: kiži

Yakut: kihi

Dolgan: kihi

Tuva: kiži

Tofalar: kiši

Kirghiz: kiši

Kazakh: kisi

Noghai: kisi

Bashkir: keše

Balkar: kiši

Gagauz: kiši

Karaim: kiši

Karakalpak: kisi

Salar: kiši

Kumyk: kiši

Comments: VEWT 272, EDT 752-753, ЭСТЯ 5, 78-79, Лексика 325, Stachowski 147.

Proto-Turkic: *kir

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: dirt

Russian meaning: грязь

Old Turkic: kir (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kir (MK, KB)

Turkish: kir

Tatar: ker

Middle Turkic: kir (Houts., Pav. C, AH)

Uzbek: kir

Uighur: kir

Azerbaidzhan: kir

Turkmen: kir

Khakassian: kǝr

Oyrat: kir

Chuvash: kirǝk 'dirt on body, dandruff'

Yakut: kir

Dolgan: kir

Tuva: xir

Kirghiz: kir

Kazakh: kir

Noghai: kir

Bashkir: ker

Gagauz: kir

Karaim: kir

Karakalpak: kir

Kumyk: kir

Comments: EDT 735, VEWT 271, ЭСТЯ 5, 69-70, Stachowski 148.

Proto-Turkic: *Kir-deĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a neighbour who lives in the same house

Russian meaning: сосед, живущий в том же доме

Karakhanid: kirdeš (MK)

Comments: EDT 739. The word is attested only in OT, but modern forms like Oyr. körüš, Tat. kürši 'neighbour' etc. (ЭСТЯ 5, 118-119; > Mong. körši, see Clark 1980, 41) may actually belong here, being transformed under the influence of körüš- 'to see each other'. Difficult is Yak. küre, kürüö 'wife's younger sister': Poppe 1961, 138 regards it as genetically related to the Mongolian forms, but one cannot exclude a secondary loan < Evk. kuriɣen.

Proto-Turkic: *kirpik

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: eyelash

Russian meaning: ресница

Old Turkic: kirpik (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kirpik (MK)

Turkish: kirpik

Tatar: kerfek

Middle Turkic: kirpik (Sangl., Pav. C.), kirpük (MA)

Uzbek: kiprik

Uighur: ki(r)pik

Sary-Yughur: kirmik

Azerbaidzhan: kirpik

Turkmen: kirpik

Khakassian: kǝrbǝk

Oyrat: kirbik

Halaj: kirpik

Chuvash: xъrbъx, xъrbъk, (dial.) xъrbu

Yakut: kirbäj, kirbī 'edge'

Tuva: kirbik

Kirghiz: kirpik

Kazakh: kǝrpǝk

Noghai: kirpik

Bashkir: kerpek

Gagauz: kirpik

Karaim: kirpik

Karakalpak: kirpik

Kumyk: kirpik

Comments: VEWT 272, EDT 737-738, ЭСТЯ 5, 74-75, Федотов 2, 333-334, Лексика 213. Cf. also the verb *Kɨrm- / *Kɨrp- 'to wink' (ЭСТЯ 6, 221). The front row variant here is probably secondary.

Proto-Turkic: *kīĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sable

Russian meaning: соболь

Old Turkic: kiš (Orkh.)

Karakhanid: kiš (MK, KB)

Tatar: keš

Middle Turkic: kiš (MA, Pav. C., Sangl.)

Uzbek: kiš

Oyrat: kiš

Chuvash: kъʷš

Yakut: kīs

Dolgan: kīs

Tuva: kiš

Kirghiz: kiš

Kazakh: kis

Noghai: kis, kiš

Bashkir: keš

Kumyk: kiš

Comments: VEWT 272, TMN 3, 664-665, EDT 752, Щербак 1961, 143, ЭСТЯ 5, 77-78, Лексика 162-163, Stachowski 149 (one of the Turk.-Samoyed. contact words; because of the Tungus parallel, probably Turk. > Samoyed., despite Helimski 1995). The Chuvash form reveals irregular vocalism and may in fact reflect a merger with PT *Küĺül 'rat, mole' (v. sub *k`ĕ̀ĺú). Turk. > Mong. er-kis 'male sable', ebsi-gis 'female sable' (see Clark 1980, 43).

Proto-Turkic: *kīn, *kīn-dük

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 navel, navelstring, centre 2 navel of a musk-deer, musk

Russian meaning: 1 пупок, пуповина, центр 2 мускусная железа, мускус

Old Turkic: kin 'утроба, vagina; мускус', kindik 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kin (KB), kün (MK) 2

Turkish: kindik, künük (dial.) 1

Tatar: kendek 1

Middle Turkic: kindik (MA, Pav. C.) 1

Uzbek: kindik, kindak 1

Uighur: kindik 1

Sary-Yughur: kendek 1 (ЯЖУ)

Turkmen: kindik (dial.) 1

Khakassian: kǝn 1, kǝndǝk 1

Oyrat: kindik 1, kin 2

Halaj: kindik 1

Chuvash: kǝndǝk (dial.)

Yakut: kīn 1

Tuva: xin 1, 2, xindik 1, 2

Tofalar: xin 1, 2

Kirghiz: kindik 1

Kazakh: kindik 1

Noghai: kindik 1

Bashkir: kendek 1

Balkar: kindik 1

Karaim: kindik 1, 'belly'

Karakalpak: kindik 1

Salar: kinǯix, kintix 1

Kumyk: gindik 1

Comments: VEWT 271, EDT 725, 729, ЭСТЯ 5, 68-69, Лексика 279-280. Turk. > Mong. kindik (Щербак 1997, 127).

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨb

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 luck, happiness 2 to be happy, enjoy

Russian meaning: 1 счастье 2 быть счастливым, радоваться, предаваться удовольствиям

Old Turkic: qɨv 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qɨv 1 (MK)

Turkish: kɨwan- 2, kɨv 1 (dial.)

Tatar: quan- 2

Middle Turkic: quvan- 2 (Бор. Бад.)

Uzbek: quvɔn- 2

Sary-Yughur: qo 1

Turkmen: Guwan- 2

Chuvash: xъʷvan- (dial.)

Kirghiz: quban- 2

Kazakh: quvan- 2

Noghai: quvan- 2

Bashkir: qɨwan- 2

Balkar: quvan- 2

Karaim: quvan- 2

Karakalpak: quvan- 2

Kumyk: quvan- 2

Comments: VEWT 268, EDT 579, ЭСТЯ 6, 99-101, Clark 1977, 146.

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨbak / *Kabak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: white poplar, willow

Russian meaning: белый тополь, ива

Turkish: kavak

Tatar: quvaq

Middle Turkic: qawaq (Houts.)

Uighur: qapaq (Jarr.)

Azerbaidzhan: GovaG

Oyrat: qāq, dial. qabaq

Chuvash: хъʷva

Tuva: xāk

Tofalar: xā̃k

Bashkir: qɨwaq

Gagauz: qavaq

Comments: VEWT 215, ЭСТЯ 5, 170-171, TMN 3, 534-535. The variant *Kabak is probably secondary, due to vowel assimilation; qapaq in Uygh. is also secondary - a contamination with *Kap- 'cover'.

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨč-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to scratch, scrape; to itch

Russian meaning: скрести, царапать; чесаться

Tatar: qɨčɨ-

Middle Turkic: qɨč-

Uzbek: qiči-

Uighur: qiči-

Khakassian: xɨčɨ-

Oyrat: qɨčɨ-

Chuvash: kǝźǝ 'чесотка'

Yakut: kɨhɨj-; kɨhɨax 'scraper'

Dolgan: kɨhɨak 'scraper'

Tuva: kiǯi-

Kirghiz: qɨčɨš-

Kazakh: qɨšɨ-

Noghai: qɨšɨ-

Bashkir: qɨsɨ-

Karakalpak: qɨšɨ-

Comments: VEWT 260, ЭСТЯ 6, 186-187, Stachowski 167.

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨč

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: foot, shin

Russian meaning: нога, голень

Turkish: kɨč 'foot, shin; coccyx, behind'

Middle Turkic: qɨč (AH)

Azerbaidzhan: Gɨč

Turkmen: Gɨč (dial.)

Shor: qɨs 'камус'

Chuvash: xɨś 'back, behind'

Yakut: kɨ̄s berbēkej 'щиколотка, лодыжка' (?)

Gagauz: qɨč

Comments: Лексика 281, ЭСТЯ 6, 252-253.

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨča

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 passion, wish 2 to demand 3 to threaten

Russian meaning: 1 страсть, желание 2 настойчиво требовать 3 угрожать

Khakassian: xɨǯa 1, xɨǯan- 3

Shor: qɨčan- 3

Oyrat: qɨča 1

Tuva: qɨžan- 3

Kirghiz: qɨča- 2

Kazakh: qɨsa 'commotion, anger' (R 2, 803 - Kir.)

Comments: VEWT 260.

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨč-gɨr-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to shout, cry

Russian meaning: кричать

Tatar: qɨčqɨr-

Uighur: qičqir-

Azerbaidzhan: GɨšGɨr-

Khakassian: xɨsxɨr-

Shor: qɨšɨr-

Oyrat: qɨčɨr-

Yakut: kɨskɨj- 'to whistle'

Tuva: qɨšqɨr-

Kirghiz: qɨčqɨr-

Bashkir: qɨsqɨr-

Balkar: qɨčɨr-

Kumyk: qɨčɨr-

Comments: VEWT 261. Turk. > WMong. qaskira-, Kalm. xäškr- (KW 178).

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨd-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 edge, border, seashore, frontier 2 margin, edging

Russian meaning: 1 край, граница, берег 2 опушка, кайма

Old Turkic: qɨdɨɣ (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: qɨδɨɣ (MK) 1

Turkish: kɨjɨ, kɨj 1

Sary-Yughur: qɨzɨɣ 1

Shor: qɨjɨɣ 2

Oyrat: quju 1

Chuvash: xǝrǝ 1

Yakut: kɨtɨ̄ 1, 2

Tuva: qɨdɨɣ 1, 2

Kirghiz: qɨjū 2

Kazakh: qɨjɨw 2

Noghai: qɨjuw 2

Karakalpak: qɨjɨw 2

Kumyk: qɨjɨw 2

Comments: EDT 598, VEWT 261, Лексика 94, ЭСТЯ 6, 196-197, 203. The root is also attested in verbal function (*Kɨdɨ- 'to border, hem'), see ЭСТЯ 6, 196.

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨj-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to cut aslant, make notches 2 to cut in small pieces

Russian meaning: 1 резать наискосок, делать зарубки 2 резать на мелкие кусочки

Karakhanid: qɨj- (MK) 1

Turkish: kɨj- 2

Middle Turkic: qɨj- (AH, Ettuhf.) 1

Uzbek: qij- 1

Turkmen: Gɨj- 1

Khakassian: xɨj- 1

Oyrat: qɨj- 1

Chuvash: xъjъ chip, sliver

Yakut: kɨj- 'walk around'

Tuva: qɨj- 1

Kirghiz: qɨj- 1

Noghai: qɨj- 1

Gagauz: qɨj- 2

Karakalpak: qɨj-

Comments: VEWT 261, ЭСТЯ 6, 197-200. Turk. *kɨjgač > Kalm. kīɣǝs (KW 234). The meaning of the Orkh. hapax qɨd- (see EDT 595) is quite insecure and cannot serve as a basis for reconstructing *Kɨd-; all other forms (including qɨj- 'to cut aslant' and qɨj-ma 'cut meat' in MK) point unambiguously to *Kɨj-, see ЭСТЯ 6, 200, 202-203. There exist also common Turkic derivatives *Kɨj-ɨr and *Kɨj-ɨk 'oblique, bent'.

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨj-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 greedy, miserly 2 wise, clever 3 to offer, sacrifice 4 to dare

Russian meaning: 1 жадный, скупой 2 мудрый, умный 3 жертвовать, приносить в жертву, посвящать себя 4 сметь, решаться, покушаться

Turkish: kɨj- 3

Tatar: qɨj- 4

Middle Turkic: qɨj- 4 (AH)

Azerbaidzhan: Gɨj- 3, 4

Khakassian: xɨjɣa 2, xɨjtɨx 1

Oyrat: qɨjɣa 1

Chuvash: xъj- 4

Kirghiz: qɨj- 3, 4

Kazakh: qɨj- 3

Bashkir: qɨj- 4

Gagauz: qɨj- 4

Karaim: qɨj- 3

Karakalpak: qɨj- 3

Comments: VEWT 262, ЭСТЯ 6, 197-198 (confused with *Kɨj- 'to cut aslant' which should be probably kept apart).

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨj(g)ak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sedge

Russian meaning: осока

Turkish: kɨjak (dial.) 'marsh'

Tatar: qɨjaq 'leaves of cereals'

Middle Turkic: qijaɣ (Pav. C.) 'cut dried grass'

Uzbek: qijɔq

Uighur: qijaq 'grass'

Azerbaidzhan: gijax (dial.) 'grass name'

Turkmen: Gɨjaq 'пырей волосатый'

Khakassian: xɨjɣanax

Oyrat: qɨjɣaq

Halaj: qijāq 'soft plants as animal food'

Chuvash: xъja (ЭСТЯ: xъjax)

Kirghiz: qɨjaq 'острец', qɨjɣaq 'sedge'

Kazakh: qɨjaq 'grass name'

Noghai: qɨjaq

Bashkir: qɨjaq 'leaves of cereals'; dial. qɨjɣaq id., 'пырей'

Karaim: qɨjaq 'bulb'

Karakalpak: qɨjaq 'reed leaves'

Kumyk: qɨjaq

Comments: VEWT 262, ЭСТЯ 6, 201-202. Turk. > Mong. kijag id. (Kalm. kāg, KW 222, Khalkha xiag, Bur. x́āg, Ord. kāg, cf. TMN 3, 566). Cf. also Karakh. (MK) qajačuq 'a fragrant mountain grass'.

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨjĺ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to bow, bend

Russian meaning: гнуться, кривиться

Karakhanid: qɨš- (MK) 'to deviate'

Turkish: kɨš-

Uighur: qijšaj-

Turkmen: Gɨ̄šar-

Kirghiz: qɨjšaj-

Kazakh: qɨjsaqta-

Noghai: qɨjsaj-

Bashkir: qɨjšanda-

Balkar: qɨjsaj- < Nogh.

Comments: EDT 670, VEWT 268, TMN 3, 571-573.

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨjm-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to move

Russian meaning: двигаться

Karakhanid: qɨmɨt- (MK)

Turkish: kɨmɨlda-

Uzbek: qim-

Uighur: qimil 'movement'

Azerbaidzhan: Gɨmɨldan-

Turkmen: Gɨ̄mɨlda-

Khakassian: xɨjmɨra-

Oyrat: qɨjmɨqta-

Kirghiz: qɨjmɨl 'movement'

Kazakh: qɨjmɨl 'movement'

Bashkir: qɨjmɨlda- 'шевелиться'

Balkar: qɨmɨlda-

Comments: VEWT 262.

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨl-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 thin 2 short

Russian meaning: 1 тонкий 2 короткий

Khakassian: xɨlbɨs

Oyrat: qɨlbɨq, qɨlbɨs 1

Chuvash: xǝldǝrke 'худой, хилый, тонкий'

Yakut: kɨlgas 2

Dolgan: kɨlgas 2

Kirghiz: qɨlmɨj-

Kazakh: qɨlmɨj-

Comments: On the rare reflexes of this root see VEWT 263, Stachowski 168.

Proto-Turkic: *Kɨĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: winter

Russian meaning: зима

Old Turkic: qɨš (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: qɨš (MK)

Turkish: kɨš

Tatar: qɨš

Middle Turkic: qɨš (AH, Pav. C.)

Uzbek: qiš

Uighur: qiš

Sary-Yughur: qɨs

Azerbaidzhan: Gɨš

Turkmen: Gɨš

Khakassian: xɨs

Shor: qɨš

Oyrat: qɨš

Halaj: qɨš

Chuvash: xǝl

Yakut: kɨs, kɨhɨn

Dolgan: kɨhɨn

Tuva: qɨ`š

Kirghiz: qɨš

Kazakh: qɨs

Noghai: qɨs

Bashkir: qɨš

Balkar: qɨš

Gagauz: qɨš

Karaim: qɨš

Karakalpak: qɨs

Kumyk: qɨš

Comments: EDT 670, VEWT 268, TMN 3, 479, Лексика 75-76, ЭСТЯ 6, 253-254, Stachowski 167-168.