Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *Kö

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: this

Russian meaning: этот

Sary-Yughur: gu, go

Chuvash: ko, kъv

Salar: ku

Comments: Федотов 1, 300-302, Левитская 32-34. Cf. the OT (Orkh., OUygh., MK) emphatic nominal suffix -oq.

Proto-Turkic: *Köbüŕ / *Kebiŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: carpet, rug

Russian meaning: ковер

Karakhanid: keviz (MK)

Turkish: köjüz (dial.)

Middle Turkic: kebiz (MA), köwüz (Xwar.), köwüz (CCum.), kevüz (AH)

Uzbek: kigiz

Uighur: kebɛz, kɛvɛz

Khakassian: kibǝs

Shor: kemis

Oyrat: kebis

Chuvash: (Bulg.) > ORuss. kovьrъ 'carpet'

Tuva: xevis

Kirghiz: kebez

Noghai: küjiz

Bashkir: köjöδ

Balkar: küjüz OL

Kumyk: gujuz (dial.)

Comments: EDT 692, ЭСТЯ 5, 83. Turk. > Mong. kebis ( > Man. kebisu etc., see ТМС 1, 444), see Clark 1980, 39., Cf. Khalkha xiv 'gauze, crêpe', xövöŋ 'cotton'. ЭСТЯ 5, 13.

Proto-Turkic: *Kögme

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: gum (of tooth)

Russian meaning: десна

Khakassian: köŋme

Shor: kögbe (Mat.), köge (Kond.)

Comments: VEWT 290.

Proto-Turkic: *köjŋe-lek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: shirt

Russian meaning: рубашка

Karakhanid: köŋlek (MK)

Turkish: köjnäk, dial. göŋlek

Tatar: külmäk

Middle Turkic: köŋlek (Sangl., MA, Pav. C., Бор. Бад.), köjnek (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: kọjnak, kọjlak

Uighur: köŋläk, köŋnek

Azerbaidzhan: köjnek

Turkmen: köjnek, dial. gömlek

Khakassian: kögenek

Shor: künek

Oyrat: künek

Yakut: könjügäs 'старинное название дохи'

Tuva: xöjleŋ

Kirghiz: köjnek

Noghai: köjlek

Bashkir: küldäk

Balkar: kölek

Gagauz: gölmäk

Karaim: kölmek

Karakalpak: köjlek

Kumyk: gölek

Comments: VEWT 290-291, EDT 732, ЭСТЯ 5, 89-90, Лексика 384, 476-477. Turk. > WMong. küjileg, Kalm. kīlǝg (KW 234), MMong. köŋlek (TMN 3, 615, Щербак 1997, 128).

Proto-Turkic: *kök

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: root

Russian meaning: корень

Karakhanid: kök (MK, KB)

Turkish: kök

Middle Turkic: kök (AH, Бор. Бад., Pav. C.)

Azerbaidzhan: kök

Turkmen: kök

Chuvash: kъʷk (Anatri)

Tuva: kö'k

Kazakh: kök

Gagauz: kök

Karaim: kök

Karakalpak: kök

Comments: VEWT 287, EDT 708, TMN 3, 598, ЭСТЯ 5, 91-92, Лексика 109.

Proto-Turkic: *kök

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: healthy, big, thick

Russian meaning: здоровый, большой, толстый

Turkish: kök (dial.)

Middle Turkic: kök

Azerbaidzhan: kök

Halaj: kök

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 93. Turkic > Khalkha xöx 'massive (of muscles, flesh etc.)'

Proto-Turkic: *kök

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 seam 2 thin straps for sewing 3 to sew, lace 4 to tack 5 tack, basting 6 needlework 7 to fasten

Russian meaning: 1 шов 2 тонкие ремешки для шитья 3 прошивать, стегать, подшивать 4 обметывать, приметать 5 наметка 6 шитье 7 присоединять, привязывать

Old Turkic: kök (OUygh.) 1

Turkish: kökle- 3

Tatar: küklɛ- 4

Middle Turkic: kök (Sangl., Abush.) 1

Uzbek: kụk 5

Uighur: kök 5, köklɛ- 4

Azerbaidzhan: kök 1

Turkmen: kök 5, 2

Khakassian: kökte- 4

Oyrat: kök 6, köktö- 4

Chuvash: kъgъr- 7

Tuva: kö'k (Todzh.) 1, kökte- 3

Kirghiz: kök 2, köktö- 3

Noghai: kökle- 4

Balkar: kökle- 4

Karakalpak: kök 2, kökle- 4

Kumyk: kökle- 4

Comments: VEWT 287, EDT 708, ЭСТЯ 91. Following EDT (and despite VEWT and ЭСТЯ) we prefer to separate this root from *kök 'hinge, peg, tether' (v. sub *k`ōkí).

Proto-Turkic: *kök, *köken

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 hinge, nail, peg, clasp 2 tether

Russian meaning: 1 застежка, петля, запор 2 привязь для животных

Karakhanid: kök 'belt for fixing the saddle', kögen 'rope for tethering calves, foals during milking' (MK)

Turkish: kök 'peg of a musical instrument', (dial.) köken 2

Tatar: kügɛn 1

Middle Turkic: kök 'nail' (R, Буд. - Babur.)

Uzbek: kukan 2

Sary-Yughur: küken 2 (ЯЖУ)

Turkmen: köken 2

Chuvash: kъʷgan 'loop', (alъk) kъkǝ 'prop of the door hinge'

Yakut: kögön 2 (Пек.)

Kirghiz: kögön 2

Kazakh: kögen 2

Bashkir: kügɛn 1

Karakalpak: güwen 2

Comments: VEWT 287, EDT 712, ЭСТЯ 5, 91, 93-94.

Proto-Turkic: *köl-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 shadow 2 to shadow

Russian meaning: 1 тень 2 давать тень, затенять

Old Turkic: kölü- (OUygh.) 2

Karakhanid: kölik (MK) 1

Turkish: gölge, kölge (dial.)

Tatar: külɛgɛ 1

Middle Turkic: kölege (Abush.)

Uzbek: kụlkɛ, kụlɛkɛ 1

Uighur: kölɛŋgɛ, köligɛ 1

Azerbaidzhan: kölgä 1

Turkmen: kölge 1

Khakassian: köle- 2, kölek 1

Oyrat: kölö- 2, kölöŋö 2

Yakut: külük 1

Dolgan: külük 1

Tuva: xölege 1

Tofalar: xölege 1

Kirghiz: kölökö 1

Noghai: köletke 1

Bashkir: külɛgɛ 1

Gagauz: gölge 1

Karakalpak: köleŋke 1

Comments: VEWT 288-289, 294, EDT 716-718, ЭСТЯ 5, 96-97, 128, Stachowski 164. Should be distinguished from *Köĺ- 'to screen' (v. sub *gḕĺa).

Proto-Turkic: *Köĺ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to freeze

Russian meaning: замерзать

Tatar: küšek-

Yakut: köhüj-

Tuva: köžü-

Tofalar: köšü-

Kazakh: köšü-

Bashkir: küšek-

Comments: VEWT 294, ЭСТЯ 5, 127.

Proto-Turkic: *Köl-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to be shy, afraid, sullen 2 to be jealous 3 jealousy

Russian meaning: 1 робеть, пугаться, расстраиваться 2 ревновать 3 ревность

Shor: külün 3

Oyrat: köler-, Tel. külüneš- 2

Chuvash: küle-, küleš- 2

Tuva: xöl-ze- 1

Comments: VEWT 289. Егоров 122-123 confuses the root with *güni (q. v. sub *kune); so does Федотов 1, 321.

Proto-Turkic: *Köĺ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 screen, covering 2 to screen, obstruct light 3 shadow

Russian meaning: 1 укрытие, полог, занавес 2 давать тень, укрывать от света 3 тень

Old Turkic: köšige (OUygh.) 3

Karakhanid: köši- (MK) 2, köšik (MK) 1, köšige (MK) 3

Uighur: köšükɛ 1

Khakassian: közeŋe 1

Shor: köžege 1

Tuva: köžege 1, 3

Kirghiz: köšögö 1

Comments: EDT 753. The root tends to merge with PT *köĺ- 'to shiver (of cold), freeze' (see VEWT 294), as well as with *köli- 'shadow' - but they should be probably kept apart. Turk. > MMong. köši-, köšige, köšge (TMN 1, 481, Щербак 1997, 128, Clark 1980, 41) > Evk. kuči-, kučiger (Doerfer MT 125).

Proto-Turkic: *Köĺ-er-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to be full to overflowing

Russian meaning: быть переполненным, переливаться через край

Karakhanid: köšer- (MK)

Comments: EDT 754.

Proto-Turkic: *kömbe, -lek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: mushroom

Russian meaning: гриб

Turkish: gömelek (dial.)

Tatar: gömbɛ

Azerbaidzhan: göbäläk

Turkmen: kömelek

Chuvash: kъʷmba

Bashkir: gömbɛ

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 101 (Chuv. is hardly < Old Russian, which already had guba, not gǫba).

Proto-Turkic: *kömek

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: help

Russian meaning: помощь

Turkish: kömek

Tatar: kümɛk 'collective, many people'

Middle Turkic: kömek (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: kụmɛk

Uighur: kömɛk

Azerbaidzhan: kömäk

Turkmen: kömek

Halaj: kömɛk, kemɛk

Yakut: kömö

Dolgan: kömö

Kirghiz: kömök

Noghai: kömek

Bashkir: kümɛk 'collective, many people'

Kumyk: kömek

Comments: ЭСТЯ 5, 98-99, Stachowski 156.

Proto-Turkic: *kömür

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: coal

Russian meaning: уголь

Old Turkic: kömür (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kömür (MK, KB)

Turkish: kömür

Tatar: kümer

Middle Turkic: kömür (MA, IM, Pav. C., AH), kimür (Abush.)

Uzbek: kụmir

Uighur: kömü(r)

Azerbaidzhan: kömür

Turkmen: kömür

Khakassian: kömǝr

Oyrat: kömür

Chuvash: kъʷmrъʷk

Yakut: kömör

Dolgan: kömör

Tuva: xömür

Kirghiz: kömür

Kazakh: kömǝr

Noghai: kömǝr

Bashkir: kümer

Balkar: kömür

Gagauz: kömür

Karakalpak: kömǝr

Kumyk: kömür

Comments: VEWT 289 (relating the stem to köm- 'to bury, dig' seems rather dubious), ЭСТЯ 5, 102-103, Лексика 365, Stachowski 156.

Proto-Turkic: *köń-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to burn (itr.) 2 to burn (tr.) 3 to kindle 4 to get burnt 5 soot 6 strong smell of burnt 7 unpleasant smell

Russian meaning: 1 гореть 2 жечь 3 зажигать 4 обгорать 5 сажа 6 сильный запах горелого 7 неприятный запах

Old Turkic: köj- 1 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: kön- (Argu MK), köj- 1 (MK, KB)

Turkish: (dial.) köj-, küj- 1; küje 5

Tatar: köj- 1

Middle Turkic: köj- 1 (Abush., MA, Бор. Бад., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: kuj- 1, kuja 5

Uighur: köj-, küj- 1, köjdür- 2

Turkmen: köj- 1, küjö (dial.) 5

Khakassian: köj- 1, köje 5

Shor: köj- 1

Oyrat: küj- 1, kȫ 5

Halaj: kie̯n- 1

Chuvash: kü, kǝʷv 6 (Ашм.), kǝʷśek 7; kъʷvajt 5

Tuva: xȫ 5

Tofalar: xȫ̃ 5

Kirghiz: küj- 1, kȫ 5

Kazakh: küj- 1, küje 5

Noghai: küj- 1, küje 5

Bashkir: küj- 1

Balkar: küj- 1

Karakalpak: küj- 1, küje 5

Kumyk: güj- 1

Comments: VEWT 309, EDT 726, 730, ЭСТЯ 5, 88-89, 133, Лексика 362, Мудрак Дисс. 75. The Az. form is somewhat dubious, both semantically ("itch") and phonetically (irregular voiced g-). See also *köń- 'to grieve, suffer'.

Proto-Turkic: *köń- ( ~ -j-)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to suffer, grieve 2 to regret 3 to envy 4 to be angry 5 to offend 6 grief, sorrow

Russian meaning: 1 страдать, горевать 2 жалеть 3 завидовать 4 гневаться 5 обижать 6 печаль

Karakhanid: küj- ~ köj-: köŋli küjüp 'with pain in one's heart' (MK), küj- 4 (KB)

Tatar: köjü-, köjen- 1

Uzbek: kuj-, kujin- 1

Uighur: köj-, köjün- 1

Azerbaidzhan: göjnä- 2

Turkmen: köj- 1

Khakassian: köj- 3

Oyrat: küj-dür- 5, küjün- 3

Halaj: (jirek) kie̯n- 1

Chuvash: kǝʷvǝś- 3

Kirghiz: küj-, küjün- 1

Kazakh: küj-, küjin- 1

Noghai: küj-, küjün- 1

Bashkir: köj- 1, köjönös 6

Balkar: küj-, küjün- 1, küjük 'envious'

Karakalpak: küj-, küjin- 1

Kumyk: güj- 1

Comments: EDT 726. In all languages the root is completely homonymous with the reflexes of *köń- 'to burn' (v. sub *k`ùńe), which throws doubts on its etymological independence.

Proto-Turkic: *köŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 excrements, faeces 2 hard soil, swamp

Russian meaning: 1 навоз, помет 2 твердая почва, болото

Karakhanid: köŋüz (MK) 1

Turkish: kön, kün (dial.) 1

Uzbek: gụŋ 1

Oyrat: köŋ 2

Kirghiz: köŋ 1

Kazakh: köŋ 1

Bashkir: küŋ 1

Karakalpak: köŋ 1

Comments: EDT 735, ЭСТЯ 5, 103.

Proto-Turkic: *köp

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: many

Russian meaning: много

Old Turkic: köp (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: köp (MK, KB)

Turkish: köp

Tatar: küp

Middle Turkic: köp (Pav. C., MA, Abush.)

Uzbek: kụp

Uighur: köp

Turkmen: köp

Khakassian: köp

Shor: köp

Oyrat: köp

Tuva: kö'p, xöj ( < *köpej)

Tofalar: kö'p

Kirghiz: köp

Kazakh: köp

Noghai: köp

Bashkir: küp

Balkar: köp

Karakalpak: köp

Salar: köp

Kumyk: köp

Comments: VEWT 291, EDT 686-687, ЭСТЯ 5, 107-108.