Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *okɨ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to call, read, recite

Russian meaning: звать, читать, декламировать

Old Turkic: oqɨ- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: oqɨ- (MK)

Turkish: oku-

Tatar: uqɨ-

Middle Turkic: oqɨ- (AH), oqu- (Abush., Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ọqi-

Uighur: oqu-

Azerbaidzhan: oxu-

Turkmen: oqa-

Halaj: họqu-

Yakut: oguj-, uguj-

Kirghiz: oqu-

Kazakh: oqɨ-

Noghai: oqɨ-

Bashkir: uqɨ-

Balkar: oqu-

Gagauz: oqu-

Karaim: oxɨ-, oqu-, oxu-

Karakalpak: oqɨ-

Kumyk: oxu-

Comments: EDT 79, VEWT 359, ЭСТЯ 1, 439-441.

Proto-Turkic: *okra

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 pimple, pustule 2 disease of cattle

Russian meaning: 1 прыщ 2 болезнь скота

Tatar: uqra 2

Middle Turkic: oqra (Буд.) 1

Kazakh: oqra 1

Bashkir: uqra 'овод бычачий'

Comments: VEWT 360.

Proto-Turkic: *o(-l)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: that

Russian meaning: тот

Old Turkic: o-l (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: o-l (MK)

Turkish: o

Tatar: u-l

Middle Turkic: o-l (AH)

Uzbek: ụ

Uighur: u

Sary-Yughur: o-l, o

Azerbaidzhan: o

Turkmen: ol

Khakassian: ol

Oyrat: o-l

Halaj: ọ̄, o̯, ụọ̄́-ra

Chuvash: vъʷ-l

Yakut: ol

Dolgan: ol

Tuva: ol

Tofalar: ol

Kirghiz: o-šo

Kazakh: o-l

Noghai: o-l

Bashkir: o-šo, u

Balkar: o-l

Gagauz: o

Karaim: o

Karakalpak: o-l, u-sɨ 'this'

Salar: u

Kumyk: o-l

Comments: VEWT 360, ЭСТЯ 1, 444-445, 456, 492-494, TMN 2, 93, EDT 123-4, Stachowski 191. The form o is attested later than ol, but it certainly does not mean that it was absent in PT (despite Clauson).

Proto-Turkic: *(o)-ĺ

Meaning: here, this (deictic particle)

Russian meaning: вот, это (дейктическая частица)

Turkish: šu

Tatar: šu-l

Chuvash: śa-

Kazakh: so-l

Noghai: so-l

Bashkir: šu-l

Karakalpak: so-l

Comments: VEWT 366, EDT 254-5.

Proto-Turkic: *ol-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 skilless, talentless, careless 2 simple

Russian meaning: 1 неумелый, небрежный 2 простой

Karakhanid: ulɨn- 'to be bewildered' (MK)

Azerbaidzhan: olmaja 'an expression of warning, bewilderment'

Khakassian: olaŋaj 2

Chuvash: vъʷli-žali 1

Yakut: oloj- 'to make a stupid face'

Tuva: olutpaj 'lazy'

Kirghiz: oldoqson 1, oloq, oloɣoj 'one-eyed'

Kazakh: olaq 1

Comments: VEWT 360, ДТС 609 (EDT 149 only quotes OT ulɨn- 'to be twisted' which is probably a different root).

Proto-Turkic: *oĺ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a k. of plant

Russian meaning: вид растения

Khakassian: ozɨj 'волчье лыко'

Shor: ozɨj 'волчье лыко' (Kond.), ɨzɨ 'чернотал' (Mras.)

Chuvash: vǝʷldǝʷren 'nettle'

Proto-Turkic: *oluk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: gutter; hollowed-out tree trunk

Russian meaning: желоб; выдолбленный древесный ствол

Karakhanid: oluq (MK)

Turkish: oluk

Tatar: ulaq

Middle Turkic: oluq (IM, AH)

Uighur: olaq

Chuvash: volъ 'tree-trunk'

Noghai: olɨq

Bashkir: ulaq

Karaim: oluq

Comments: EDT 136-137, ЭСТЯ 1, 451, Мудрак Дисс. 125, 131, Ашм. V, 263, Федотов 1, 99, 130. There also exists a similar - but originally different - form *og(u)l-, *ogluk, reflected in Chag. oɣluq, Tur. dial., Gag. holluq, Chuv. valak, Yak. (Пек.) uoluk, uol-ba, with natural contaminations.

Proto-Turkic: *ol-ur-, *ol(u)-tur-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to sit

Russian meaning: сидеть

Old Turkic: oltur- (OUygh.), olur- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: oltur- (MK), ol- 'to be' (At., IM), 'to become ripe' (MK, IM, Bulgat)

Turkish: otur-

Tatar: utɨr-

Middle Turkic: oltur- (Бор. Бад., Abush., Pav. C.), (?) ol- 'to be' (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ụtir-

Uighur: oltur-

Azerbaidzhan: otur-

Turkmen: otur-

Khakassian: odɨr-

Oyrat: otur-

Chuvash: lar-

Yakut: olor-

Dolgan: olor-

Tuva: olur-

Tofalar: olɨr-

Kirghiz: otur-

Kazakh: otɨr-

Noghai: oltɨr-

Bashkir: ultɨr-

Balkar: oltur-

Gagauz: otur-

Karaim: otur-

Karakalpak: otɨr-

Salar: oht(ɨr)-

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 489-492. EDT 125, 331-332, VEWT 79, TMN 2, 358, Stachowski 192. See also the comments on *bōl- ' to be, become'. From the forms phonetically looking like ol- 'to be, become' the only actual reflexes of PT *ol- may be Middle Uygh. (At., Tefs., IM - opposed to bar, bir-) and Middle Kypchak (Bulgat, Ettuhf.), cf. ЭСТЯ 2, 186; Chag. ol- may as well be < Oghuz.

Proto-Turkic: *omač-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to dive 2 scoop

Russian meaning: 1 погружаться 2 черпак

Khakassian: omač 2

Shor: omaš 2

Yakut: umus- 1

Tuva: omāš 2

Comments: VEWT 361, 514.

Proto-Turkic: *omuŕ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: shoulder

Russian meaning: плечо

Turkish: omuz

Middle Turkic: omuz (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ọmiz

Turkmen: omuz

Chuvash: ъʷmъʷr

Balkar: omuz

Karaim: omuz

Kumyk: omuz

Comments: ЭСТЯ 1, 453-455, Лексика 240.

Proto-Turkic: *omV-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 bone head 2 head of hip bone 3 hip bone, thigh bone 4 clavicle

Russian meaning: 1 головка кости 2 головка бедренной кости 3 бедренная кость 4 ключица

Turkish: omaǯa, umača, uma 1

Middle Turkic: oma, omaǯa (Pav. C.), (MKypch.) 2, omaǯa kemiɣi (At-Tuhf.) 4

Azerbaidzhan: omba 2

Turkmen: omača 3

Khakassian: omɨx 'knee-cap' (dial.)

Comments: TMN 2, 132, ЭСТЯ 1, 453.

Proto-Turkic: *oń ( ~ -j)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: grey, dun, ash-coloured (of a horse)

Russian meaning: серовато-коричневый

Karakhanid: oj (MK)

Middle Turkic: Kypch. oj (Houts.)

Khakassian: oj

Tuva: oj

Comments: EDT 266, VEWT 358.

Proto-Turkic: *oŋ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 right 2 good, lucky 3 West

Russian meaning: 1 правый 2 благоприятный, счастливый 3 запад

Old Turkic: oŋ 1, 2, 3 (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: oŋ 1, 2 (MK, KB)

Turkish: on 1, 2 (dial.)

Tatar: uŋ 1, 2

Middle Turkic: oŋ 1 (Abush.)

Uzbek: ọŋ 1, 2

Uighur: oŋ 1

Sary-Yughur: oŋ 1

Turkmen: oŋ 2

Khakassian: oŋ 1, 2

Shor: oŋ 1, 2

Oyrat: oŋ 1, 2

Chuvash: ъʷn- 4

Yakut: uŋa 1, 'southern'; uŋuor 'on the other bank'; oŋor- 'to do, make'

Dolgan: oŋuor 'on the other bank'; oŋor- 'to do, make'

Tuva: oŋ 1

Tofalar: oŋ 1

Kirghiz: oŋ 1, 2

Kazakh: oŋ 1

Noghai: oŋ 1, 2

Bashkir: uŋ 1, 2

Balkar: oŋ 1, 2

Karaim: oŋ 1, 2

Karakalpak: oŋ 1, 2

Kumyk: oŋ 1, 2

Comments: EDT 166-167, 168-169, VEWT 352, ЭСТЯ 1, 456-460, TMN 2, 165-166, Stachowski 195, 243. ЭСТЯ also adds the verb oŋ- 'to prosper'; but, according to EDT, in OT this verb has the shape on-, while the form oŋ- appears later (in Middle Kypchak and Old Osman texts, as well as in a number of modern languages), probably as a result of contamination.

Proto-Turkic: *oŋ- / *öŋ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to fade, become pale

Russian meaning: линять, блекнуть

Old Turkic: öŋ- (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: oŋ- (MK)

Tatar: uŋ-

Uzbek: ọŋ-

Uighur: oŋ-, öŋ-

Khakassian: oŋ-

Oyrat: oŋ-

Chuvash: ъʷn- 'ohne Flamme brennen'

Tuva: oŋ-

Kirghiz: oŋ-

Kazakh: oŋ-

Noghai: oŋ-

Bashkir: uŋ-

Balkar: oŋ-

Karakalpak: oŋ-, öŋ-

Kumyk: oŋ-

Comments: EDT 169, VEWT 362, 372, ЭСТЯ 1, 460-461.

Proto-Turkic: *oŋur-, *oŋ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to crush, break off

Russian meaning: ломать, отламывать

Karakhanid: oɣur- (MK)

Tatar: umɨr-

Turkmen: oŋur-, omur-

Khakassian: or-

Yakut: oŋ- 'to pick out'

Dolgan: oŋ- 'to pick out'

Tuva: ōr-

Kirghiz: omur-

Kazakh: omɨr-

Noghai: omɨr-

Bashkir: umɨr-

Karakalpak: omɨr-

Comments: EDT 91, ЭСТЯ 1, 461; Stachowski 194. Derived is PT *oŋur-tka 'spine, backbone' (see ЭСТЯ 1, 463-464).

Proto-Turkic: *op-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to attack 2 to rob

Russian meaning: 1 нападать 2 грабить

Old Turkic: op-la- 1 (Orkh.)

Middle Turkic: op- 2 (R - ShS)

Tuva: opla- 1

Kirghiz: ob-dul- 1

Kazakh: op- 2 (R)

Karaim: op- 2

Comments: EDT 11, ЭСТЯ 1, 464 (together with *ōp- 'suck'), R I 1155.

Proto-Turkic: *opa

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: white powder, white lead

Russian meaning: белый порошок, свинцовые белила

Old Turkic: opo (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: opo (MK)

Middle Turkic: opa (Ettuhf.)

Uzbek: upa

Uighur: upa

Shor: oba

Oyrat: obo

Kirghiz: upa

Kazakh: opa

Karakalpak: opa

Comments: VEWT 363, EDT 6, ЭСТЯ 1, 465-466.

Proto-Turkic: *op-ra-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to wear out (intr.), decay

Russian meaning: изнашиваться, стареть

Old Turkic: apra- 1 (OUygh. ?)

Karakhanid: opra- 1 (MK, KB)

Middle Turkic: opra-/opran-, ofra-/ofran 1 (Sangl.)

Comments: VEWT 515, EDT 14.

Proto-Turkic: *oŕ-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to surpass, win

Russian meaning: превосходить, побеждать

Old Turkic: oz-

Karakhanid: oz- (MK)

Turkish: dial. oz-

Tatar: uz-

Middle Turkic: oz- (Pav. C., Houts., AH, IM

Uzbek: ụz-

Uighur: oz-

Sary-Yughur: joz-

Turkmen: oz-

Khakassian: os-

Kirghiz: oz-

Kazakh: oz-

Noghai: oz-

Bashkir: uδ-

Balkar: oz-

Karaim: oz-

Karakalpak: oz-

Kumyk: oz-

Comments: See VEWT 367, ЭСТЯ 1, 425.

Proto-Turkic: *or-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 place 2 palace 3 lair, den 4 middle 5 place of staying (of the army, ruler etc.) 6 army

Russian meaning: 1 место 2 дворец 3 берлога, логово 4 середина 5 место стоянки (армии, правителя) 6 армия

Old Turkic: orun 1 (OUygh.), ordu 2, 5, ortu 4 (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: orun 1, ordu 2, 3, otra ~ ortu (MK) 5

Turkish: orun 1, ordu 6, orta 4

Tatar: urɨn 1, urda 5, urta 4

Middle Turkic: orun 1, ordu, orda 5, orta 4 (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: ọrin 1, ọrda 5, ọrta 4

Uighur: orun 1, o(r)da 5, orta 4

Sary-Yughur: orɨn 1, orta, orto, otra 4

Azerbaidzhan: ordu 6, orta 4

Turkmen: orun 1, orta 4, orda 6

Khakassian: orɨn 1, orda 5, ortɨ 4

Oyrat: orɨn 1, ordo 5, orto 4

Chuvash: vɨrъn 1, vъda 4

Yakut: ordū 1, 3, 5, oron 1, orto 4

Dolgan: onnu 1

Tuva: orun 1, ortu 4

Tofalar: oron 1

Kirghiz: orun 1, ordo 5, orto 4

Kazakh: orɨn 1, orda 4, 5, orta 4

Noghai: orɨn 1, orda 5, orta 4

Bashkir: urɨn 1, urda 5, urta 4

Balkar: orun 1, orta 4

Gagauz: orta 4

Karaim: orun 1, ordu 6, orta 4

Karakalpak: orɨn 1, orda 5, orta 4

Kumyk: orun 1, orda 5, 6, orta 4

Comments: EDT 203-204, 233, VEWT 364, 365, TMN 2, 141, ЭСТЯ 1, 470-472, 474-479, Лексика 495, 563, 569, Stachowski 193, 196. Turkic is the source of Mong. oron 'place', ordo(n) 'palace' (cf. TMN 1, 164-165, 2, 38-39, Щербак 1997, 130), whence Man. oron etc., see Doerfer MT 116. The PT *ordu 'place of staying' may need to be separated from other forms here: it contains a very untypical *-rd- cluster (as opposed to *or-tu 'middle') and may reflect an ancient borrowing from some unknown source. Cf. in that respect WMong. örte- 'to change post horses', örtegen 'postal relay station', also somewhat obscure in origin.