Turkic etymology : Query result

Proto-Turkic: *čɨg-

Meaning: 1 to tie up (a parcel) 2 to sew (with small stitches) 3 parcel, pack 4 knot 5 to tie in a knot

Russian meaning: 1 увязывать (тюк, сверток) 2 шить (мелкими стежками), подшивать 3 узел (упаковка) 4 узел 5 завязать узлом

Karakhanid: čɨɣ- 1

Turkish: čɨkɨ, čɨkɨn 3

Middle Turkic: čik 4 (Pav. C.), (OKypch) čɨq- 1 (AH)

Uighur: čig- 5, čigik 4

Sary-Yughur: čig-, čik- 5

Turkmen: čig- 5, čigin 4

Khakassian: sɨɣ-la- 2

Oyrat: či-de- 2

Halaj: (tīn u) čɨqɨn 'small parcels in women's working room'

Kirghiz: čije 4

Gagauz: čɨqɨ 3

Karakalpak: šije 'tightly bound'

Comments: EDT 405, VEWT 94. Forms apparently pointing to *čɨk- most probably reflect a contraction of the suffixed form *čɨgɨ-k-.

Proto-Turkic: *čɨg (~-ɨ̄-)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 reed 2 reed mat 3 things woven from reed

Russian meaning: 1 тростник, чий 2 тростниковая циновка 3 изделия, плетеные из чия (тростника)

Old Turkic: čɨɣ (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: čɨɣ (MK) 'reed screen'

Turkish: čɨɣ, čiɣ 'reed partition'

Middle Turkic: čɨɣ 2 (Sangl.)

Uzbek: čij 1, 3

Uighur: čiɣ 1

Sary-Yughur: ǯiɣ 1

Oyrat: čij 1

Kirghiz: čij 1, 3

Kazakh: šij 1, 3

Noghai: šijboj 'любисток' (?)

Balkar: čij 2

Karakalpak: šij 2

Comments: VEWT 107, 110; EDT 404, 412. Turk. > MMong. (HY 20) čix, WMong. čig, Khalkha čig, Ord. čīg 'bamboo screen'. The Nogh. form may be a compound; for the second part cf. *bɨńan.

Proto-Turkic: *čɨganak

Meaning: можжевельник

Russian meaning: juniper

Tuva: šānaq

Tofalar: ašānaq (Рас. ФиЛ 89.)

Balkar: čɨɣana(q) 'thorn'

Comments: VEWT 107.

Proto-Turkic: *čɨgɨr

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to stamp, ram (ground) 2 stamped snow 3 boundary, limit 4 small path

Russian meaning: 1 топтать, утаптывать (землю) 2 утоптанный снег 3 граница 4 узкая тропа

Karakhanid: čɨɣru- 1, čɨɣɨr 4 (MK)

Turkish: čɨɣɨr 4, 'coomb, trace of an avalanche'

Tatar: čɨɣɨr 3

Middle Turkic: čɨɣɨr 'thawed spot' (Sangl.), 'snow stamped by strong wind' (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: čijir 'trace'

Uighur: čiɣir jol 4

Turkmen: čɨGɨr 3

Halaj: čɨɣɨr 'bad road'

Tuva: šɨ̄r 2

Tofalar: šɨ̄r 'spot on snow or ground with many tracks'

Kirghiz: čɨjɨr, čijir 4

Kazakh: šɨjɨr 'stamped'

Balkar: čɨjɨr-t- 'to stamp snow, grass'

Comments: VEWT 95, 107, EDT 409, 410. Cf. perhaps also PT *čig- 'to draw a line' (VEWT 110). Turk. > Mong. Khalkha čijr 'stamped road', Kalm. čīr 'eaten and stamped grass' (KW 443).

Proto-Turkic: *čɨj, *čɨj-ɨk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 wet, soaking, moist 2 dew 3 moisture 4 raw

Russian meaning: 1 мокрый 2 роса 3 влага, влажный 4 сырой

Karakhanid: či/čɨ 3 (MK), čɨ-la- 'to moisten' (MK), čɨq- 'to absorb moisture' (MK), čɨɣ-la-n- 'to be half-cooked' (MK), čig 4 (IM)

Turkish: čiɣ, čij 1, 2

Tatar: čɨq 2

Uzbek: čiq 2 (dial.), čɨ̄ɣ 1 (Xɔrazm)

Azerbaidzhan: čij 'raw'

Turkmen: čīg 1, čɨ̄G 2

Khakassian: sɨx 1, 3

Shor: šɨq 3, šɨqtɨɣ 1

Oyrat: čij 4, čɨq 3

Yakut: sīk 2, 3

Dolgan: hīk 2

Tuva: šɨq 3, 'meadow', šɨqtɨɣ 1

Tofalar: šɨq 1

Kirghiz: čij-ki 4, čɨq 2, 3

Kazakh: šɨq 2

Noghai: šij 4, šɨq 2

Bashkir: sej 4, ɨsɨq 2

Balkar: čij 4, čɨq 2

Gagauz: čij 1, 2

Karaim: čɨj, cij 4, čɨx 2, 'hoar-frost'

Karakalpak: šɨq 2

Salar: čɨx-ču 2 (ССЯ)

Kumyk: čij 4, čɨq 2

Comments: EDT 393, 406,408, 413, 418, VEWT 107, Лексика 39, Stachowski 106. The actual reflexes are best explained if we postulate an opposition *čɨj 'wet, raw' - *čɨj-ɨk 'dew, moisture' (with further contractions). Some forms, however, could be secondarily borrowed from Mong. (see Kaɫ. MEJ 34).

Proto-Turkic: *čɨk-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to go out, come out

Russian meaning: выходить

Karakhanid: čɨq- (MK, KB)

Turkish: čɨk-

Tatar: čɨq-

Middle Turkic: čɨq- (Abush., Sangl.)

Uzbek: čiq-

Uighur: čiq-

Azerbaidzhan: čɨx-

Turkmen: čɨq-

Khakassian: sɨx-

Shor: šɨq-

Oyrat: čɨq-

Yakut: sɨɣarɨj- 'to move, be displaced' (?)

Kirghiz: čɨq-

Kazakh: šɨɣ-/q-

Noghai: šɨɣ-/q-

Bashkir: sɨq-

Balkar: čɨɣ-/q-

Gagauz: čɨq-

Karaim: čɨq-

Karakalpak: šɨɣ-/q-

Kumyk: čɨɣ-/q-

Comments: EDT 405-406, VEWT 107-108.

Proto-Turkic: *čɨka-ń

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: small finger

Russian meaning: мизинец

Tatar: cɨɣanaq parmaq (Sib.)

Chuvash: čaGan 'cock's spurs, knots on horse's front legs'

Yakut: čɨkɨja (with irregular phonology)

Bashkir: sɨɣanaq, sɨɣansaq (dial.)

Balkar: čɨqanaj

Comments: Дыбо 323, Лексика 257.

Proto-Turkic: *čɨkanak

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: lock, pivot

Russian meaning: засов, стержень

Tatar: cɨɣanak (Sib.)

Oyrat: čɨɣanak, dial. čānaq (Верб.)

Bashkir: sɨɣanaq, dial. sɨɣansaq

Comments: Дыбо 171. It is also necessary to note Kaz. šege, Kirgh. čege 'nail', possibly going back to the same root.

Proto-Turkic: *čɨkan(ak)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: elbow, forearm

Russian meaning: локоть, предплечье

Tatar: cɨɣanaq (dial.)

Middle Turkic: čaɣanaq (Sangl., CCum., AH)

Uzbek: čekänäk (dial.)

Uighur: ǯäjnäk

Sary-Yughur: čikenek

Khakassian: čɨɣanax

Shor: šɨɣanaq

Oyrat: čaɣanaq

Chuvash: čike 'cubit'

Tuva: šenek

Tofalar: če'henɛk

Kirghiz: čɨqanaq

Kazakh: šɨɣanaq 'bay'

Noghai: šɨɣanaq

Bashkir: sɨɣanaq (dial.)

Balkar: čɨna

Karaim: cɨɣanaq

Karakalpak: šɨɣanaq

Comments: VEWT 96, EDT 404, Егоров 325, Лексика 249.

Proto-Turkic: *čɨm-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to pinch 2 a pinch, thimbleful

Russian meaning: 1 щипать, брать щипком 2 щипок, щепотка

Turkish: čimdik, čimǯik 2

Tatar: čemče-t-, čemče-n- 1, čemček 2

Middle Turkic: čimdi- 1, čimdik 2 (Pav. C.), (CCum.) čɨmdɨ- 1

Uzbek: čim-, čimči-, čimči-la-, čimdi-, čimi-t- 1, čimdi-m 2

Uighur: čimdi-, čimqi- 1, čɨmdim 2

Sary-Yughur: ǯ́ume- 'to pick out, pull out'

Azerbaidzhan: čimdik-le- 1, čimdik 2

Turkmen: čümmük 2

Khakassian: čɨmǯɨ-la- 1, čɨmčɨx 2

Shor: šimči- 1, šimčik 2

Oyrat: čɨmčɨ- 1, čɨmčɨ-m 2

Chuvash: čǝbǝt- 1, čǝptǝm, čǝpkǝm 2 (?)

Tuva: šɨmčɨ- 1, šɨmčɨm 2

Tofalar: šɨmǯɨ- 1, šɨmǯɨm 2

Kirghiz: čɨmčɨ-, čɨmčɨ-la- 1, čɨmčɨm 2

Kazakh: šɨmšɨ-, šɨmšɨ-la- 1

Noghai: šɨmtɨ- 1, šɨmqɨm 2

Bashkir: semte- 1, semte-m 2

Balkar: čimdi- 1

Gagauz: čimdik 2

Karaim: čimde- 1, čimdik 2, cɨmda-, čɨmda- 'to bite'

Karakalpak: šɨmšɨ-, šɨmšɨ-la- 1, šɨm, šɨmšɨm 2

Comments: VEWT 108, TMN 3, 99, Егоров 323, Федотов 2, 413. Chuv. čǝbǝt- is phonetically strange; it may reflect a secondary denasalization (Мудрак Дисс. 50), but may actually be a trace of a different root, cf. PA *č`íp`ú or *č`abo.

Proto-Turkic: *čɨm

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 turf 2 meadow 3 various kinds of grass (with seeds)

Russian meaning: 1 дерн 2 луг, лужайка 3 различные виды трав

Karakhanid: čɨ/im 1, čimgen 1, 2

Turkish: čimen 2, čim 1; čemen 'тмин; пажитник'

Uzbek: čaman 2, čim 1

Uighur: čim 1, čimän 2

Azerbaidzhan: čämän 2, čim 1

Turkmen: čemen 2, 'bundle, bouquet'

Khakassian: čɨm-čolɣaj 'хлебенки (an edible bulbous plant')

Oyrat: čemene 'потничная трава'

Halaj: čämän, čimän 2 (< Pers.?)

Chuvash: čemčem/n 'горец, птичья гречишка' (Дмитриева-Саллонтаи VII, 49)

Kirghiz: čɨm 1; čemirček 'травянистое растение со съедобным корнем' (cf. also čɨmɨldɨq 'повилика', čɨmɨldɨrɨq, čɨmɨndɨq (dial.) 'чина')

Kazakh: šɨm 1

Noghai: šɨm 1

Gagauz: čim 1, čimen 1, 2

Comments: The primary root is *čɨm 'turf', whence *čim-gen 'meadow', borrowed in Pers. čaman (see EDT 423; not vice versa, despite TMN 2, 99-100); but many of the modern forms meaning 'meadow' or 'bouquet' are already backloans from Persian.

Proto-Turkic: *čɨm- / *čum- (*čom-)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 top, upper part 2 staff (with a knob) 3 lump, pompon, knob

Russian meaning: 1 верхушка 2 палка (с набалдашником) 3 комок, помпон, набалдашник

Karakhanid: čomaq 2

Uighur: čomčak 1

Azerbaidzhan: čomaG 2

Turkmen: čömmek 1

Chuvash: čъʷmak 3

Comments: VEWT 115, TMN 2, 94-95, EDT 422. The Chuv. reflex points to *-ɨ-.

Proto-Turkic: *čɨmɨč-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: small finger

Russian meaning: мизинец

Old Turkic: čɨčamuq (OUygh.)

Karakhanid: čɨčamuq (MK)

Uzbek: čimčalɔq

Uighur: čimalik

Khakassian: sɨmalčɨx, čɨmalčɨx

Shor: šɨmalɨq

Oyrat: čɨmal (dial.)

Tuva: šumaš

Kirghiz: čɨmčalaq

Comments: Дыбо 322-323, Лексика 256. See ibid. a number of other forms, probably going back to the same stem, but restructured phonetically because of the root's expressive nature.

Proto-Turkic: *čɨmur

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 buds 2 lily 3 sphere, globe, fist

Russian meaning: 1 почки 2 лилия 3 шар, округлость, кулак

Oyrat: čomur 2

Chuvash: čъʷmъʷr 3

Tofalar: šomur 1 (Рас. ФиЛ 89, 231)

Comments: The Chuvash form points to *-ɨ-. The root is very localized, but seems to be distinct from *čɨm- / *čum- 'top; stick with a knob' (although a contamination was of course possible).

Proto-Turkic: *čɨpčɨk

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sparrow

Russian meaning: воробей, мелкая птица

Karakhanid: (MKypch.) čapčuq, čɨpčɨq (AH), šɨpšɨq (Ettuhf.)

Turkish: čimček, (dial.) čabčɨk, čɨpčɨk

Tatar: čɨpčɨq, dial. čɨpɨj

Middle Turkic: čɨpčuq, čupčuq (MA, Abush., Pav. C.), čimčik (Pav. C.)

Uzbek: čumčuq

Uighur: tumučuq

Turkmen: čɨmčɨq, dial. čɨpǯɨq

Shor: čimčigeš 'titmouse' (Верб., Upper-Kond.)

Oyrat: čibilčik (dial.) 'a k. of bird' (R, Верб., Kumd.)

Kirghiz: čɨmčɨq; čimeldirek (South.) 'a small green bird'

Kazakh: šɨbɨšɨq

Noghai: šɨmšɨq

Bashkir: säpseq 'wagtail; (dial.) sparrow', sɨpqaj 'утка-поганка'

Karaim: cɨfcɨq

Karakalpak: šɨmšɨq

Kumyk: ǯimčiq, dial. čimčik

Comments: VEWT 109, Лексика 176. Turk. > Mong. čipčiqaj (TMN 3, 123, Щербак 1997, 113).

Proto-Turkic: *čɨ̄gań

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 poor 2 mischief 3 impolite, rough

Russian meaning: 1 бедный 2 беда, несчастье 3 грубый, неучтивый

Old Turkic: čɨɣań (Orkh.), čɨɣaj (OUygh.) 1

Karakhanid: čɨɣaj (MK), čɨɣan (MK - Argu) 1

Turkish: čɨɣaj, čɨɣan (dial.) 1

Middle Turkic: čɨɣaj (R), čɨɣan (R, Pav. C.) 1

Khakassian: sāj 2

Shor: šāj 2

Karaim: čɨjɨr 2 (with an unexplained -r)

Kumyk: čɨɣɨn 3

Comments: VEWT 107, EDT 408-409, Лексика 334. Chuv. čuxan 'poor' may be of different origin (cf. an aberrant reflex of *g), cf. čux 'mediocre', čuxъ 'poor' ( < *jok?).

Proto-Turkic: *čɨ̄p

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: branch

Russian meaning: ветка

Karakhanid: čɨp, čɨbɨq (MK)

Turkish: čɨbɨk, čubuk

Tatar: čɨbɨq [čɨbɨrqɨ 'lash']

Middle Turkic: čubuq (Sangl.)

Uzbek: čiviq

Uighur: čiviq

Azerbaidzhan: čubuG

Turkmen: čɨ̄bɨq

Khakassian: sɨmɨx

Shor: šɨmɨq

Oyrat: čɨbɨq

Chuvash: čъbъk 'lash'

Tuva: šɨvɨq

Tofalar: šɨbɨq

Kirghiz: čɨbɨq

Kazakh: šɨbɨq

Noghai: šɨbɨq

Bashkir: sɨbɨq

Balkar: čɨbɨq 'lash'

Gagauz: čɨbɨq

Karaim: cɨbuq, cubuq, čubuq 'lash'

Karakalpak: šɨbɨq

Kumyk: čubuq

Comments: EDT 393, 395, VEWT 106, TMN 3, 1059, Лексика 118-119, Егоров 320, Федотов 2, 403-404. Forms meaning 'lash' reflect a contamination with PT *čAbɨk 'lash' (v. sub *č`ḗbV).

Proto-Turkic: *čɨ̄pgan

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 furuncle 2 rash, pimple

Russian meaning: 1 фурункул 2 сыпь, прыщ

Karakhanid: čɨbɨqan (MK) 1

Turkish: čɨban 1

Tatar: čuwan 1, čebi 'цыпки'

Middle Turkic: čɨban (Sangl.) 1

Uzbek: čipqɔn 1

Azerbaidzhan: čiban1, čivzä 2

Turkmen: čɨ̄ban 1

Shor: šɨbɨrɣan 2

Oyrat: čɨbɨtqan, (dial. - Верб.) čibiške 2

Chuvash: śъʷban, śъʷvan 1

Tuva: šiviški 2

Tofalar: šibiški 2, 1

Kazakh: šɨjqan 1

Noghai: šɨjqan, dial. šuba 1

Bashkir: säbärt- 'обметать губы', sebeške 'цыпки'

Gagauz: čɨban 1

Karaim: cɨban, čɨban 1

Comments: VEWT 106, EDT 396, TMN 3, 1151, Егоров 208, Федотов 2, 96. The Kaz. and Nogh. forms may be < Mong. (although they differ semantically).

Proto-Turkic: *čɨ̄pɨn

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 fly 2 gad-fly 3 mosquito 4 bee

Russian meaning: 1 муха 2 овод 3 комар 4 пчела, шершень

Karakhanid: čɨbɨn 1, 3 (MK)

Turkish: ǯibin 1, 3

Tatar: čeben 1, 2

Uzbek: čibin 3

Uighur: čivin 1,2

Azerbaidzhan: čibin 1,2

Turkmen: čɨ̄bɨn 3

Oyrat: (dial.) čɨmɨn 4

Kirghiz: čɨmɨn 1,2

Kazakh: šɨbɨn 1,2

Bashkir: seben-le- 'to be annoyed by fly-bites (of animals)'

Balkar: čibin 1,2

Kumyk: ǯibin 1,2

Comments: VEWT 110, EDT 838, TMN 3, 53, Лексика 186.

Proto-Turkic: *čok

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 many, very 2 vile, hooligan 3 to gather, multiply 4 group, crowd

Russian meaning: 1 много, очень 2 дурной, хулиган, баловник 3 собирать(ся), размножать(ся) 4 толпа, множество

Karakhanid: čoq 1 (ДТС - KB), čōq 2 (MK - Oghuz), čoɣ-al- 3

Turkish: čok (-ɣu) 1, čoɣal- 3

Middle Turkic: čoq 1 (Sangl., Oghuz-nama, AH), čoq- 3 (Abush.)

Azerbaidzhan: čox 1, čoxal- 3

Turkmen: čoq (-qu) 4

Khakassian: sox 2

Oyrat: čoq- 3

Tuva: šoɣ 2

Kirghiz: čoq 1

Kazakh: šoɣɨr 4

Noghai: šoq 'дружно'

Gagauz: čoju 4, čoq-la-n- 3

Karaim: čoq 1, čoɣɨ 4 (K)

Karakalpak: šoq 2, 4

Comments: VEWT 113, EDT 405, 406. The Oghuz adverb 'much', in the 12th c. (KB) 'very, extremely', is probably the same word as čoq 'bad, vile'(Ogh. 11) (cf. also the Tuva parallel). Turk. > Mong. (Khalkha) cox in cox xara 'very black'. The identification of čoq-(la-) 'gather, collect' with čoɣ-la- 'to bind, pack' (ДТС) or čoq- 'to bend' (EDT) is rather dubious. Vocalic length is unclear (cf. the voicing of -k- in Western Oghuz).